SU407983A1 - METHOD OF IMPROVING, PRIMARYLY - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the technology of textile finishing production, namely, decoction, mercerization and bleaching of harsh fabrics based on cotton fiber, mainly in preparing them for dyeing.

There is a method of upgrading harsh fabrics made from cotton fiber or from a mixture of it with synthetic fiber, consisting in that the fabric is impregnated at elevated temperature with an aqueous solution containing caustic soda 150-270 g / l and a surface active agent, squeezed to gain of 120-120% , steam in a steamer, washed, neutralized and bleached. However, the known method does not provide a sufficiently high embellishment of the fiber and when steaming the fabric, even in the presence of a reducing agent, the cellulose fiber is destroyed by oxygen of the vapor-air mixture, from which the strength of the fabric decreases.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the coloring power of the fiber and reduce its destruction. To do this, the fabric after pressing at the entrance to the steamer is heated for 3-5 seconds to 106-108 ° C, and then steamed in a medium of dry saturated steam at 100-102 ° C and an overpressure of 6-12 mm of water. st., and as a surface active agent use 5-10 g / l of the preparation "Talka of the following composition (wt.%): sodium alkyl sulfate 14-15

Sodium hexametaphosphate 6-7

Sodium silicate 4-5

Soda Ash4-5

Carboxymethylcellulose2-3

Optical bleach: 0.1-0.2

Sodium sulfate 15-20

Water drain.

For example, direct white is used as an optical bleach.

According to the invention, dense harsh fabrics are being treated both from cotton and from a mixture of cotton fiber with synthetic fiber, for example fabrics containing 15-25% polyamide fiber. Predominantly process dense tissues of Tina reps, Livadia and carset. The method can be used in the preparation of fabrics for dyeing in light, medium and dark tops and is of particular interest when dyeing with vat or active dyes.

The method can also be used as an independent process of decoction, mercerization and bleaching.

The treatment of the fabric is carried out as follows. Harsh cloth is impregnated at 70-108 ° C with an aqueous solution containing 150-270 g / l of sodium hydroxide. In the solution, it is advisable to add 5-10 g / l of the preparation "Talka,

and 5-10 g / l of sodium bisulfite may be added. The preparation “Talka is biodegradable and has wetting, emulsifying and sequestering properties. Before impregnation, the fabric can be preheated to 180-200 ° C. After penetration, the fabric is squeezed to a weight gain of 100-120% and sent to a steamer, for example, to a jaybox. In the steamer, an overpressure of 6-12 mm water is created by supplying dry saturated steam with a temperature of 110-120 ° C. Art. The fabric is fed to the steamer in such a way that when entering the steamer quickly for no more than 3-5 seconds evenly throughout the width of the spine to heat it to 106-108 ° C, i.e. the boiling point of the alkaline solution with which the fabric is impregnated. As a result, the fabric is released from the oxygen of the air and the destruction of the fiber is reduced. Then the fabric is steamed for 10-20 minutes. in an environment of dry saturated steam at 100-102 ° C and an overpressure of 6-12 mm water. Art. The slight overpressure created in the steamer prevents the penetration of air from the external environment. In order to protect the fabric from local destruction, steam with a temperature not higher than PO-120 ° C is supplied to the apparatus. In the process of impregnation and steaming, the fabric is boiled and mercerized. After steaming, the fabric is washed in two baths with hot water at 90-95 ° C, squeezed to a moisture content of 85-90% and neutralized at 45 ° C in a solution of sulfuric acid 7-10 g / l, washed in three baths with cold water and bleached , for example, alkaline-peroxide solution, by steam-wicking method. To do this, the fabric is impregnated at 30-40 ° C in a bath containing (g / l):

Hydrogen peroxide (100%) 3-5 Sodium silicate (1.4 beats.) 12-15

Surfactant 2

The total alkalinity of the solution in phenolphthalein is 3-5 g / l.

The impregnated fabric is wrung out, steamed for 10-20 minutes at 100 ° C, washed first with hot water at 85-90 ° C, then with cold water and dried.

Tissue processing can be carried out continuously using conventional equipment, for example, on an Amdes bleaching unit. When processing dense harsh tissues with the introduction of the "Talka" preparation into an aqueous solution of caustic sodium, the use of mercerization machines is no longer necessary, since the impregnation time is reduced to 5 seconds and the shrinkage of the fabric is within acceptable limits.

The fabric has a capillary capacity of 130-160 mm, whiteness of 85-86%, good strength properties and an increased embellishment.

Example. Fabric (reps art. 3154, Livadi art. 3371 and carnet art. 4052) cotton or containing 15-25% polyamide fiber mixed with cotton after preheating to 180-200 ° C or without heating is impregnated with Amdes at temperature boil with an aqueous solution containing 250 g / l of sodium hydroxide, 8 g / l of the preparation “Talka and 5 g / l of sodium bisulfite. Then the fabric is squeezed out to a weight gain of 100-110% and sent to the jailbox. When entering the jaybox, the fabric is heated to the boiling point of the solution on it for no more than 5 seconds and steamed in a medium of dry saturated steam at 100–102 ° C and an overpressure of 6–12 mm of water. Art. 10 min. In the steamer serves steam with a temperature of 115 ° C. Then the fabric is washed in a bath with water at a temperature close to the boiling point, impregnated at 45 ° C with a solution of sulfuric acid 7 g / l, squeezed, dried for 5-7 minutes, washed in three baths with warm and cold water, squeezed to 65% gain and impregnated at 30 ° C with a bleaching solution of the following composition (g / l):

Hydrogen peroxide (in terms of 100%) 3

Sodium silicate (1.4 bpm) 12

Surfactant 2

Total alkalinity in phenolphthalein3. The tissue is pressed to a weight gain of 100%, steamed at 100 ° C for 10 minutes, and washed with hot and cold water. Then the fabric is dyed, for example, active dye in the usual mode.

Subject invention

Claims (6)

1. A method of enriching, predominantly dense, harsh cotton fiber fabrics or from a mixture of it with synthetic fiber, consisting in that the fabric is impregnated at elevated temperature with an aqueous solution containing 150-270 g / l of caustic soda and a surface-active agent, 100-120% are squeezed to weight gain, steamed in a steamer, washed, neutralized and bleached, characterized in that, in order to increase the dyeing ability of the fiber and reduce its destruction, the fabric after pressing at the entrance to the steam engine is heated in t chenie 3-5 seconds to 106- 108 ° C, and then zaparivayut in dry saturated steam at 100-102 ° C and an overpressure of 6-12 mm water. Art. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that 5-10 g / l of a preparation of the following composition (wt.%) Is used as a surface-active agent: Sodium alkyl sulfate 14-1.5 Sodium hexametaphosphate 6--7 Sodium silicate 4-5 Soda Ash4-5 Carboxymethylcellulose2-3 Optical bleach: 0.1-0.2 Sodium sulfate 15-20 Water drain. five 3. Method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution of caustic soda and a surface-active agent at 70-108 ° C. 4. Method according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the fabric is heated to 180-200 ° C prior to impregnation. 6 5. The method according to paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that dry saturated steam with a temperature of 110-120 ° C is supplied to the steamer. 6. The method according to paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that steam alkaline peroxide bleaching is performed.