SU1735766A1 - Method for testing quality of eggs - Google Patents

Abstract

Application: The invention relates to the technique of testing the quality of eggs, their sorting and counting and can be used in the poultry industry and the poultry industry. Summary of the invention: the method is based on moving the examined egg through the violet, blue-green and red light rays and determining the quality of the egg depending on the value calculated in accordance with the expression P. .. LJ -T - cz where 1cr, 1C intensity of the transmitted rays, respectively, red , blue-green and violet in the no-peak maximum range of 0 1 з „p. f-crystals, 1 tab., 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the technique of egg quality control and can be used in the poultry industry and the poultry industry in the process of automated egg sorting.

There is a method for determining the quality of eggs using an ovoscope, based on passing a light beam through the test egg and visual analysis of the quality of the egg.

This method is quite laborious, not accurate, because depends on the subjective qualities of the staff and does not allow to determine the various defects and marriages of hec,

The closest to the present invention is a method based on transmitting the test white-beam egg with the subsequent recording of signals at wavelengths of 575, 590 and 620 nm using appropriate optical filters located in front of the photodetectors. Moreover, the signal at a wavelength of 575 nm corresponds to absorption at red blood inclusions, the signal at 620 nm is used for ideitization of rotten eggs, and the signal at 590 nm is used as a reference signal.

Thus, the known method contains the following operations:

shine the test egg with a beam of white light whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the egg;

the transmitted light is divided into three beams using translucent plates, each of which is passed through optical filters with transmission maxima at 575, 590 and 620 HMJ

the ratio of the electrical signals received from each of the three photodetectors installed after the optical filters is determined by

GO SP

oh oh

the stump of freshness of eggs and the presence of blood inclusions

The disadvantage of this method is its limitation due to the impossibility of determining the fertility of the egg, the impossibility of automating the method, since The method does not provide for the possibility of controlling the quality of eggs on a moving conveyor, and also demonstrates the difficulties associated with the use of narrow spectral intervals corresponding to interference filters and complex electronics. Indeed, when an egg moves along a conveyor, first, the diameter of the egg and all quantitative the ratios given in the known method are violated. Firstly, when an egg approaches or leaves the light beam, the registration photodetectors are illuminated by an intense light signal ohm Thus, the method involves measuring only static. The method does not provide for measuring the absorption in the violet region of the spectrum, where there is a peak in the absorption of the SOY and where it is possible to identify the fertility of eggs,

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy, the empowerment and the universality of the method, which are expressed in the determination of fresh and rotten (cuffs) eggs, eggs with blood inclusions, fertilized and unfertilized eggs, while simultaneously registering eggs according to these characteristics as they move along the conveyor, ,

The goal is achieved by moving the test egg through five light rays perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the egg, the first and fifth being white light, and the others monochromatic (purple, blue-green and red). When the egg crosses the first white light beam, the optical shutter is unlocked in front of the photodetectors for the next three light rays. When the second (violet), third (blue-green) and fourth (red) rays of light are successively intersected, electrical signals are formed. The proportional intensities of the light transmitted through the center of the egg, respectively

five

20

which takes place at the moment when the derivative of the output signal is equal along the length of the egg to zero “The fifth ray of white light is involved in locking the optical shutter.

Fig. 1 shows a device implementing the method. FIG. 2 and 3 graphically depicts the process of passing a light beam through an eye. It has: an examined eye 1, 2-k light sources, optical broadband filters, photodetectors 10-1, shutter 15, shutter unlocking unit 16, signal conditioners, shutter locking block 20, comparison block 21, actuator 22.

The test egg is moved so that it sequentially crosses five narrow light rays perpendicular to the major axis of the egg (Fig. 1). At the intersection of the first white light beam, the output signal of the first photodetector, which controls the shutter unlocking unit, is produced. Then, the egg successively crosses the second, third and fourth rays with its central part corresponding to the maximum diameter ц. The monochromaticity of the rays is provided by optical filters, or using lasers. The scattering of light on the internal components of the egg and the ingress of scattered light to the photodetectors is prevented by positioning the filters directly in front of the photodetectors,. Thus, the second, third, and fourth photodetectors are unlocked by a command from the first photodetector only if there is an egg opposite them in order to prevent receivers from illuminating. (FIG. 2). For the selection of constant sections on these dependencies, signal conditioners are used which produce an output signal proportional to the intensity of the light transmitted through the eye. and, only then when the derivative of the intensity of light along the length of the egg dl / DL is zero (this situation corresponds to the horizontal sections in FIG. 2) g

thirty

35

40

4S

50

     l - JJF1l 4- / riI "JHJriL / l Iljr HJV r CJ nCl ZUG I | j Ј, J y.

the solution to which the determination takes place. 55After this, the signals from the exit of the shape-quality of the egg, its sorting and the selection of signals, are fed to the forging input. The intensity of the rays of a determined comparison block, where it occurs is formed in the region of maximum absorption of these signals according to the law:

five

which takes place at the moment when the derivative of the output signal is zero along the length of the egg “The fifth ray of white light is involved in locking the optical shutter.

Fig. 1 shows a device implementing the method. FIG. 2 and 3 graphically depicts the process of passing a light beam through an eye. It has: an examined eye 1, 2-k light sources, optical broadband filters, photodetectors 10-1, shutter 15, shutter unlocking unit 16, signal conditioners, shutter locking block 20 , comparison block 21, actuator 22.

The test egg is moved so that it sequentially crosses five narrow light rays perpendicular to the major axis of the egg (Fig. 1). At the intersection of the first white light beam, the output signal of the first photodetector is generated, which controls the shutter unlocking unit. Then, the egg successively crosses the second, third and fourth rays with its central part corresponding to the maximum diameter. The monochromaticity of the rays is provided either with optical filters, or using lasers. The scattering of light on the internal components of the egg and the ingress of scattered light to the photodetectors is prevented by positioning the filters directly in front of the photodetectors,. Thus, the second, third, and fourth photodetectors are unlocked by a command from the first photodetector only if there is an egg opposite them in order to avoid the illumination of the receivers. When an egg passes through monochromatic light rays, the intensity of the signals at the output of the photodetectors depends on the thickness of the egg and the absorption determined by the quality of the egg (Fig 2). To select fixed sections on these dependencies, signal conditioners are used that produce an output signal proportional to the intensity of the past through the egg of light, only if it is derived from the intensity of light along the length of the egg dl / DL is zero (this situation corresponds to the horizontal sections in FIG. 2) g

0

five

0

S

0

l - JJF1l 4- / riI "JHJriL / l Iljr HJV r CJ nCl ZUG I | j Ј, J y.

5After this, the signals from the output of the signal conditioners are fed to the input of the comparator unit, where the processing of these signals according to the law takes place:

I p- I with.

JTc.

(ABOUT

Where i

cr tc. and φ signals, proportional to the intensities of the red, blue-green and violet rays transmitted through the test egg, respectively.

The essence of this operation is as follows. As can be seen from the graph in FIG. 3, the absorption spectra of eggs depend substantially on the quality of eggs. Thus, fresh eggs are characterized by an intense transmission peak in the red region of the spectrum; Blood inclusions and cuffs have correspondingly

but lower transmittance. Thus, the freshness of the egg and the presence of blood inclusions (associated with hemoglobin) determine the magnitude of the transmission peak in the red region of the spectrum. In the blue-green region (FIG. 3), the intensity of light transmitted through the egg is almost independent of the quality of the egg. This signal is used as a reference. In the violet region of the spectrum, fertilized and unfertilized eggs give signals that differ in intensity (which can be explained by different content of CO absorbing in this region of the spectrum). In general, a quantitative estimate of the parameter R makes it possible to judge the quality of the test eggs, while sorting eggs by specified features „

The geometry of the method provides for the arrangement of light rays in such a way that the distance between the first and fifth rays is approximately equal to half the length of the L / 2 egg: the red beam is distant from the blue-green ... and the blue-green from purple and violet from the first at a distance of approximately equal to L / 12, where L is the length of the egg „

In the process of progression of the egg, the condition dl / dL-O begins to be fulfilled first for the red beam, then for the blue-green and purple. After the egg passes the fifth beam, the shutter-locking unit works, ensuring the locking of the monochromatic photodetectors.

Thus, the proposed method includes the following operations: ensures the progressive movement of the test egg; provides a consecutive intersection by the egg of five narrow light rays, of which

the left and fifth rays are white light, and the others are monochromatic (violet, blue-green and red). Uses the moment when the leading edge of the first ray crosses the first ray to unlock the shutter in front of the photodetectors of monochromatic light rays.

It registers the signals at the output of photo-JQ of the transceivers when the center of the egg passes monochromatic light rays when the condition dl / dL 0 is satisfied, where I is the intensity of the light passing through the egg, and L is the length of the egg; 15 - compares received signals}

as a result of comparison, the parameter R

depending on the values of the parameter R, it is sorted by

given characteristics i

As an example of the implementation of the method, one can cite the quality control of four types of duck eggs: fresh, fertilized, with blood inclusions.

and

cuffs,

The absorption spectra of these eggs (Fig. 3) are characterized by differences in different parts of the spectra: in the red region, the amplitudes of the signals are maximum for fresh and fertilized eggs, minimal for eggs with blood inclusions and cuffs. In the violet region, fresh and fertilized differ in absorption level. The quantitative data obtained as a result of the comparison of the absorption of eggs of all types are presented in the table.

40

SS

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 1, Method for determining egg quality, involving the irradiation of an egg perpendicular to its major axis by optical rays in the visible spectrum in three wavelength ranges, measuring the intensity of the transmitted rays in each range, determining the intensity differences and determining the quality of the eggs from the ratio of these differences, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy, the irradiation lead in red, blues nominal and violet ranges of the spectrum, with the eggs being sequentially moved through each light beam, and the intensity of the light beam is determined in the region of the maximum absorption 2, Pop-1 method, differing from the fact that the maximum absorption is determined at the moment the derivative of the output signal is equal to zero along the length of the egg. I I one is sixteen YU “H“ f # O L /////// //// // 7Л I  rv 71 W I nineteen s  four b I 2 f 0 t / 2 Length of yatz FIG. one en $