SU1733467A1 - Method of maturing brandy spirit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the wine industry, in particular, to horse production, and can be used in the maturation of horse alcohol, as well as Madeira, kept in sealed containers in contact with oak wood and oxygen. The aim of the invention is to accelerate the maturation process of the spirits and increase their quality. Electrochemically oxidized tannin is injected into the young horse alcohol at the rate of 100-300 mg / dm, then the parts of the grape plant pre-shredded to 4-5 cm, treated at 105-125 ° C for 3-5 days, are introduced washed and dried to air-dry state, based on the surface of its contact with alcohol, 300-1000 cm2 / dal. Alcohol withstand 1.5-2.0 years. Electrochemical oxidation is carried out by placing platinum-titanium electrodes in an alcohol solution with a concentration of V 70 vol.%, Containing 100–200 g / dm3 tannin, and feeding 1.6–1.9 V to the electrodes of the oxidation potential. , 2 tab. sl C

Description

The invention relates to the wine industry, in particular, to horse production, and can be used in the maturation of horse alcohol, as well as Madeira, kept in sealed tanks in contact with oak wood and oxygen.

There is a known method of ripening horse alcohol by holding it in metal enameled tanks in the presence of oak staves and air oxygen.

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the ripening process and

large losses of horse alcohol during aging, due to the low extraction of substances from solid oak riveting and their low rate of accumulation in horse alcohol, as a result, redox processes occur in horse alcohol, leading to its long maturation.

This disadvantage eliminates the known technical solution, which allows, by using specially prepared cuttings of perennial shoots or parts of a grapevine plant, which, compared to oak, have

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looser wood, to provide a more complete and rapid extraction of extractive substances from them, which take part in subsequent transformations in the aging of fine alcohol and cause its characteristic qualities.

In the known method, the cuttings of perennial shoots (sleeves) or part of the grapevine shrub are ground to 4-5 cm, treated at 105-125 ° C for 3-5 days, then washed and dried to air-dry. The vines prepared in this way are placed in metal bones using the surface of contact with alcohol 300-100 cm2 / dal, then they are poured with fresh horse alcohol and kept for 2-3 years until horse alcohol is produced, the composition and organoleptic qualities are equal. aged for 5 years in the presence of oak.

This technical solution is chosen as a prototype and is the basic object.

However, this method has disadvantages that affect the rate of ripening and the quality of horse alcohols.

Extraction of extractive substances from the wood of cuttings or shtamba of grape plants occurs through their surface. Therefore, such a process is heterogeneous and has a low extraction rate due to a shift in the equilibrium between the concentrations of substances extracted in the liquid and solid phases towards a slow increase in the concentration of extractable substances in the liquid phase, which does not provide an efficient transition of soluble wood components. in the amount of alcohol.

The presence of the interface between the wood of the grape plant and horse alcohol and the low rate of tannin extraction through it do not allow it to be highly concentrated in the volume of horse alcohol and to ensure the participation of redox alcohols in the redox processes, which accelerate the extraction of substances by the volume of alcohol .

The presence of higher concentrations of tannin on the surface and in the volume of the wood of a grape plant as compared to its concentration in alcohol causes an intensive course of redox processes only in the layers of alcohol adjacent to the interface.

The limited penetration of horse alcohol into the volume of wood does not contribute to its efficient exchange with the wood of the grape plant, which reduces the rate of extraction of soluble substances from it.

The tannins that make up the wood have a different, and a low degree of oxidation. This reduces the efficiency of the extraction of soluble substances with end alcohol.

The aim of the invention is to accelerate the maturation process of the spirits and increase their quality.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of maturation of rhinestones, including the introduction of pretreated wood into the ruminant alcohol and aging in the presence of oxygen, electrochemically oxidized tannin is added to the ethanol content in the solution before: -70% by volume In addition, electrochemically oxidized tannin is added to horse alcohol at the rate of 100-300 mg / dm3.

The essential differences of the proposed method are as follows.

The use of electrochemically oxidized tannin for treating juices and wines by introducing it into a beverage is known.

In this technical solution, electrochemically oxidized tannin is introduced into the drink in order to stabilize and clarify it, which is achieved by the interaction of tannin with proteins, polysaccharides and other substances that react with it and precipitate during processing. Due to this interaction and in the presence of a low concentration of ethanol in juices and wines (0-20 vol.%), The colloidal phase quickly forms and precipitates, causing the beverages to lighten and stabilize, and tannin is deposited on the bottom of the containers.

In contrast, by applying the proposed technical solution, according to which electrochemically oxidized tannin is introduced into horse alcohol, where lower concentrations of mutating agents are contained than in juices and wines, and the amount of ethanol in solution is 70% by volume, a steady state of tannin is achieved. in alcohols, which is due to the absence of an intense interaction between tannin and mute-forming compounds and an alcohol content of 70% by volume. This ensures effective dissolution of tannin in alcohol, which is also the result of joint

dissolving a tannin having an acidic pH and an alcohol solution of 70% by volume with a slightly alkaline pH. The tannin dissolved in this way is in the form of a true solution throughout the volume of horse alcohol and can exist in this state for any duration of exposure.

To increase the stability of tannin in horse alcohol, it is important to conduct preliminary electrochemical oxidation of tannin in solutions with an ethanol content of 70% by volume, which contributes to the formation of polymer structures that are stable in horse alcohols.

Thus, when tannin is introduced into drinks (juices, wines) and horse alcohol, its qualitatively excellent condition is achieved, which allows to solve two different problems: in the first case, to clarify and stabilize drinks, in the second, to accelerate ripening horse alcohol, which is achieved by the catalytic effect of electrochemically oxidized tannin on redox processes occurring during maturation of horse alcohols,

The addition of electrochemically oxidized tannin to horse alcohol prior to the introduction of pretreated wood accelerates the oxidation-reduction processes of maturation of horse alcohols, which take place with the participation of substances extracted from wood. Due to this, the rate of extraction of wood components that transform into skating alcohol is increased, and the equilibrium between the concentrations of these substances in the liquid and solid phases is shifted towards a more rapid increase in the concentration of extractable substances in the liquid phase.

The introduction of electrochemically oxidized tannin into horse alcohol accelerates the ripening of the alcohol by accelerating the redox processes in both the layers of the solution adjacent to the wood and the volume of the alcohol. This accelerates the maturation of horse alcohol.

The use of electrochemically oxidized tannin, which has high adsorption properties, to accelerate the ripening of alcohol, contributes to the effective penetration of tannin into cracks and microcracks of wood, which are always on its surface. As a result of this, propping pressure occurs in the wood, which leads to an increase in the size of the cracks, and hence the amount of substances extracted through them (by increasing the interface) of the substances. This speeds up the ripening process of horse alcohols.

When electrochemically oxidized tannin is introduced into konk alcohol during its aging, its organoleptic and palatability is improved due to the nature of the tannin source, which is oak and from which the same tannins are extracted from the tannin.

0 alcohol during aging. Since electrochemically oxidized tannin is actively involved in redox processes occurring during aging, they contribute to a faster and deeper

5 to the formation of high taste and organoleptic properties of horse alcohols.

The electrochemical oxidation of tannin in solutions with an ethanol concentration of 70% by volume ensures the formation of stable, soluble forms of tannin, which do not precipitate upon introduction into horse alcohols.

Electrochemical oxidation of tannin allows to obtain a polymer with the same and

5 maximum degree of oxidation, which reflects its greatest adsorption and catalytic ability, necessary to accelerate the maturation process of spirits.

0 The introduction of electrochemically oxidized tannin in Madera, where the concentration of ethanol is low compared with equine alcohol, also accelerates its ripening due to the intensification of redox processes during

5 time exposure.

The proposed method is carried out as follows.

Before introduction into horse alcohol (c / cn), perennial cuttings are prepared.

0 shoots (sleeves) or parts of a grape plant stem, for which they are specially treated according to known technology. In parallel with the preparation of wood, electrochemical oxidation of tannin is carried out, which is obtained as follows. Platinum-titanium electrodes are introduced into an alcohol solution (ethanol concentration of -70% by volume) containing 100–200 g / dm3 of tannin and the oxidation potential of 1.6–1.9 V is fed to them. Then, during electrolysis, tannin periodically control samples are taken and the concentration of phenol groups in tannin is determined using a polarographic method. With their full oxidation

5 electrolysis is stopped. After that, electrochemically oxidized tannin is introduced into horse alcohol at a concentration of 100-300 mg / dm3, and then pretreated wood is introduced. Aging is carried out for 1.5-2.0 years to obtain horse alcohol, according to the chemical composition and organoleptic qualities equivalent to those aged for 4-6 years in the presence of oak.

Example 1. In young horse alcohol, electrochemically oxidized tannin was introduced at a concentration of 300 mg / dm3, and then specially treated wood was introduced, which was crushed to 4-5 cm of a piece of a grape plant pretreated at 105 ° C for 5 day, followed by washing and drying to air-dry state and calculation of the contact surface with alcohol 300 cm2 / dal. After that, the young horse alcohol was kept under production conditions in a titanium barrel for 1.5 years.

Electrochemically oxidized tannin was prepared as follows. Platinum-titanium electrodes were introduced into an alcohol solution (ethanol concentration Ј-70 vol.%) Containing 100 g / dm 3 of tannin, and the oxidation potential was applied to 1.9 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode. Then, during electrochemical oxidation of tannin, 5 ml control samples were periodically taken and injected into a polarographic cell, where the current corresponding to the concentration of phenolic groups of oxidized tannin was determined using a PPT-1 polarograph on a platinum anode at a potential of 0.2 V. At the initial moment of oxidation, the current was 39 µA. After 10 minutes of oxidation, a second sample was taken and the concentration of phenol groups was again found. The current proportional to its concentration was 28 μA. The data obtained during the subsequent oxidation are presented in Table 1.

When the concentration of the phenol groups in tannin was zero, the electrolysis was stopped. Tannin is prepared for introduction into horse alcohol.

The quality and chemical composition of the resulting alcoholic acid, obtained as a result of storage for 1.5 years, approached the 4–5-year aging of the alcoholic spirits.

Example 2. In a young horse alcohol, electrochemically oxidized tannin was introduced at a concentration of 100 mg / dm, and then specially treated wood was introduced, which was cuttings of a grape plant 2-3 times shredded to 4–5 cm. treated at 125 ° C for 3 days, followed by washing and drying to an air-dry state, from

calculating the contact surface of 1000 cm / dal. After that, young horse alcohol was kept under production conditions in a titanium barrel for 2 years.

Electrochemically oxidized tannin

was obtained previously as in Example 1. At the same time, platinum-titanium electrodes were introduced into an alcoholic solution (ethanol concentration 70% by volume) containing 100 g / dm 3 of tannin, and an oxidation potential of 1.6 V was applied relative to the saturated calomel electrode. During the electrochemical oxidation of tannin, 5 ml control samples were periodically taken.

and on the PPT-1 polograph, a current corresponding to the concentration of phenolic groups of oxidized tannin was determined on a platinum anode at a potential of 0.2 V. After 95 minutes, the concentration of phenolic groups in tannin was close to zero. Electrolysis was stopped. The prepared tannin was introduced into horse alcohol.

The resulting alcohol for 2 years is the quality and

The chemical composition was close to the 4–5-year end spirits.

Example 3 Electrochemically oxidized tannin at a concentration of 200 mg / dm was introduced into young horse alcohol, and

then specially treated wood was introduced, which consisted of cuttings of 4-5-year-old shoots (sleeves) of a grape plant, crushed to 4-5 cm, which were pretreated at 105 ° C in

for 5 days, followed by washing and drying to an air-dry state, on the basis of the contact surface with alcohol, 300 cm2 / dal. After that, young horse alcohol was kept under production conditions in a titanium barrel for 2 years.

I

Electrochemically oxidized tannin was prepared previously as in Example 1. At the same time, a platinum-titanium electrode was injected into an alcohol solution (ethanol concentration V70 vol.%) Containing 200 g / dm tannin, and the oxidation potential of 1.8 V was applied relative to the saturated calomel electrode. Using a polarizer PPT-1 on a platinum anode at a potential of 0.2 V, the current corresponding to the concentration of phenolic compounds of oxidized tannin was determined. After 100 min, the concentration of phenol groups

was approaching zero. Electrolysis was stopped. The prepared tannin was introduced into horse alcohol.

The resulting alcohol for 2 years is the quality and

The chemical composition approached the end spirits of 5-6 years old.

A comparative analysis of horse alcohols is given in Table 2.

As can be seen from Table 2, horse alcohol, aged according to the proposed method for 1.5-2 years, corresponds to horse alcohol, aged according to the prototype method for 2.5 years, which indicates the acceleration of the ripening process of horse alcohol.

In addition, a higher tasting score (see Table 2, examples 1, 2, 3) indicates an increase in the quality of horse alcohols.

The proposed method makes it possible to accelerate the ripening of fine alcohols and improve their quality due to the intensification of redox processes occurring with the participation of components extracted from oak or grape tree.

Claims (2)

1. A method of ripening horse alcohol, which involves introducing pre-crushed and dried wood into horse alcohol and aging in the presence of oxygen, which is necessary in order to speed up the process of ripening horse alcohols and improve their quality Electrochemically oxidized tannin in ethanol (% strength) is added to horse alcohol. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that electrochemically oxidized tannin is added to horseradish alcohol according to that 100-300 mg / dm Table 1 Table 2