SU1731397A1 - Forging press tool - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A die forging includes a top and a bottom plate, a punch, a grip holder with inclined inner surfaces, and a split matrix consisting of sections. The matrix is placed in the matrix holder using wedge inserts, with the cavity of the matrix holder inserts are in contact with their wedge surfaces, and the sections of the matrix are arcuate surfaces in which these sections are installed with the possibility of rotation around the axes of the hinges, which they are fixed to the housing matrix holder The design makes it possible to increase the compression force of the matrix by making the angle of inclination of the interacting surfaces of the cavity of the matrix holder and the wedge inserts to values smaller than the angle of self-locking, while improving the force conditions for opening the matrix. 3 Z.p. f-ly, 8 silt

Description

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The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to dies for layerless stamping on universal presses.

A die forging is known, comprising an upper and a lower plate, a punch fixed on the upper plate, detachable in a plane parallel to the direction of the deformation force, a sectional matrix consisting of two hinged semi-matrix with a supporting surface. The matrix holder is inclined to the plane of the connector of the matrix by the inner surfaces and the mechanism for opening the matrix, as well as the pull to force the matrix to close. The matrix has a supporting surface of conical shape, by which it is installed in the conical socket of the matrix holder. The semi-matrices are hingedly connected to each other, as well as hinged on a press movable from the cam. The matrix opening mechanism is made in the form of two springs located at a certain angle to the axis of the matrix, each of which is connected at one end to a corresponding semi-matrix and the other, for example, to a frame of a press.

It is impossible to increase the compression force of the matrix by reducing the angle of inclination of the interacting surfaces of the matrix holder cavity and matrix sections in a known stamp, since reducing this angle is not technically feasible, since it leads to deterioration of the matrix exit conditions from the matrix holder cavity and the opening conditions are not excluded matrices as well

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It requires the use of an effort to open more stamping forces, as a result of which such a stamp has limited technological capabilities, since the range of forgings stamped in it is limited. Moreover, the removal of the finished product up, i.e. in the direction of supply of the workpiece, limits its performance.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the stamp by increasing the compression force of the die.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a die for die forging, comprising upper and lower plates, a punch, a split matrix consisting of sections with supporting surfaces, hingedly connected to each other and with a punch element, supporting surfaces with an inclined inner surface and mechanism open the matrix, the matrix holder is provided with wedge inserts mating with its internal inclined surfaces, and the matrix sections are hinged on the matrix holder and are made with arcuate-shaped supporting surfaces they are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of the hinges in the response guiding surfaces made in the wedge inserts. Moreover, each section of the matrix is provided with diametrically arranged cantilever element and a groove, and the matrix opening mechanism is made in the form of pushers pressed in the direction of the matrix and installed with the ability to interact with the console elements of the section sections, each of which can be made arcuate or in the form of a rectangular plate.

The proposed solution ensures the work of the punch at an angle of inclination of the support plane of the insert, which is less than the angle of self-locking without danger of jamming the die. The combination of support inserts with inclined support planes and a split matrix with a cylindrical support surface provides the compression force required for stamping forgings with high degrees of extrusion, since at an angle close to the angle of self-braking, the compression force is equal to 5-6 em expand technological capabilities of the stamp. In addition, with this combination, the removal of forgings occurring on the floor is carried out without raising the wedge only by rotating parts of the separable matrix around a common axis, which requires a smaller closed die height, a smaller slide stroke compared to wedge and lever dies.

Figure 1 shows the proposed stamp, the initial moment of stamping; figure 2 - the same, in terms of without the top plate; in FIG. 3, view A in FIG. 2; figure 4 and 5 - cut on

Fig. 2, the moments of the end of the deformation (NTM) and the full disclosure of the matrix, an example of the embodiment with arcuate cantilever elements; 6 shows a stamp, an example of implementation with a cantilever element in the form

0 rectangular plank and pusher in the form of a pneumatic cylinder rod; 7 - the same, top view of the lower part of the stamp; Fig. 8 shows an example of a stamp with a multi-section die;

5The stamp comprises an upper plate 1, a lower plate 2, a punch 3 fixed on the upper plate, a detachable sectional matrix consisting of at least two sections 4 and 5 placed in a die holder 6 fixed on the lower plate 2. The number of sections defined technologically. Sections 4 and 5 are made with arcuate support surfaces 7, with which they are installed with the possibility of rotation

5 in the response guide surfaces 8 of the wedge inserts 9 installed in the die holder 6. The die holder body can have any constructive appearance, for example, made in the form of a rectangular

0 ducts, two opposite side walls of which have inclined inner surfaces 10, and inserts 9 with their wedge surfaces mate with surfaces 10. Sections 4 and 5 are hinged

5 are connected with each other and with the matrix holder 6 by means of axles 11, preventing them from shifting relative to each other and to the plane of the connector and being centers of rotation of the matrix sections

0 with its connector. In the die holder 6, the holes under the axis 11 have a camber in the vertical direction to allow the elastic movement of the matrix when stamped and when the deforming force is removed.

The matrix opening mechanism is movable rods 12 placed in housings 13 fixed to the top plate 1 and constantly pressed against plate 1 towards the matrix by the force of springs 14 (Figures 4, 5) or pressure (Fig. 6). For interacting with the rods 12, each section of the die is provided with a cantilever element 15, which is arcuate different (Figures 1, 4, 5) or in the form of a laid-out rectangular plank (Fig.6). The element 15 is placed in the groove 16 of the opposite section with the possibility of movement in it. The arrangement of the elements 15 and the grooves 16 on the sections is structural and determined by the force characteristics of the opening of the matrix. Other types of implementation of the mechanism for opening the matrix are possible, for example, in the form of spring-loaded tg (as in the prototype), as well as variants with the opening of the matrix from below (Fig. 8).

Stoppers 17 are provided in the stamp, restricting the movement of the die sections beyond the plane of the connector when the die closes and exposing it relative to the punch 3, as well as stops 18 mounted on the die 6 with a gap and limiting the insertion of the inserts 9 when the die opens.

The workpiece is marked with position 19, and the forging is indicated with position 20. In the bottom plate 2 of the die, there is a failure window 21 for removing the forging.

The angle of inclination of the mating inclined planes of the inserts 9 and the matrix holders 6 is selected depending on the required compressive force of the matrix, ensuring the absence of a gap and leakage of the forging metal into it, and may be greater or less than the angle of self-braking. x 8 inserts 9 it is recommended to make samples with an angle of / 3, a greater angle of self-locking, in order to avoid jamming of the matrix.

The angle of opening of the matrix is determined by the interaction of the stop 17 and the slot specially designed in the element 15 with its arcuate execution and the depth of the groove 16 when it is made in the form of a rectangular bar.

The description of the work of the stamp is given on the example of performing it with two semi-matrices and with arcuate cantilever elements 15 located along the end of the semi-matrix and rods 12 spring-loaded with springs 14.

The stamp works as follows.

The workpiece 19 is loaded into the working cavity of the split matrix at the position of the top plate 1 of the punch at TDC. At this time, the split matrix is closed, the workpiece 19 rests on the protrusion in the cavity of the split matrix. The rods 12 of the matrix opening mechanism are in a state compressed toward the semi-matrix. During the course of the punch 3 down its end rests on the end of the workpiece 19. At this moment there should be a gap between the end of the cantilever element 15 and the end of the rod 12. With further progress, the punch 3 deforms the workpiece 19, the gap between the end face of the element 15 and the end face of the rod 12 is selected, the spring 14 is compressed. Since the deforming force of the workpiece 19 is significantly greater than the force of the rods 12 of the semi-matrix 4 and 5 remain closed during the whole deformation of the workpiece 19. Immediately after passing the upper plate 1 NMT, when the elastic deformation of the stamp and the press is selected, the punch 3 will lag behind the forging 20, the rods 12 by force springs 14 press the end of the element 15 and rotate the half-matrix around the axes 11, opening the split matrix at an angle necessary to drop the forging 20 from the semi-matrix 4 and 5, while the element 15 rotates to abut the end wall aza-blank 17 and between

the collar of the stem 12 and the housing 13 remains a gap a. During the further course of the upper plate 1 upward the gap a decreases, and the semi-matrices are in the opened state, ensuring the matrices of the semi-matrix 4 and 5.

In this case, the punch 3 and the semi-matrix 4 and 5 are lagging behind the forging 20 and it falls under its own weight into the window 21.

It is possible to remove the forging 20 from the punch by the upper pusher in the punch and

ejection of the forging from semi-matrix pushers at the beginning of the course of the top plate upwards. After selecting the gap, and with further upward movement, the plates 1 of the semi-matrix 4 and 5 are gradually closed and, on standing,

the ends of the rods 12 from the console 15 of the semi-matrix under their own weight are closed. When the top plate leaves the TDC, the stamp is ready to receive a new blank.

Reliability of semi-matrix closure

It can be ensured by installing a tension spring between them in the lower corners of the semi-matrix, or by hanging in these places the loads on the cables missed into the window of the lower plate of the stamp.

The pressing of the rods in the direction of the split matrix can be provided with compressed air, permanently connected to the cavity of the housing 13, made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder. which ensures constant force throughout the entire stroke of the pushers.

The use of the proposed technical solution expands the technological capabilities of the stamp, ensures the stamping of forgings with a high degree

squeezing allows you to increase labor productivity by removing the forgings on the floor.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. Stamp for die forging, containing upper and lower plates, punch, split matrix consisting of sections with supporting surfaces that are hinged and connected to each punch element, with supporting surfaces, matrix holder with inclined internal surfaces and a matrix opening mechanism, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities by increasing the compressive force of the matrix, the matrix holder is provided with wedge inserts mating with its internal inclined surfaces, and the matrix sections are hinged on the matrix holder and provided with supporting surfaces arcuate shapes with which they are installed with the possibility of rotation about the axis of the hinges in the response guide surfaces made in the wedge inserts. 77 P 15 / 0 2. A stamp according to claim 1, characterized in that each die section is provided with diametrically arranged cantilever element and a groove, and the die opening mechanism is designed as followers tucked in the direction of the die and installed with the ability to interact with the cantilever elements of the die sections. 3. A stamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the console member is arcuate. 4. A stamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the cantilever element is made in the form of a rectangular strip. / J 1 15  FIG. 2 Ј-6 FI.4 TO FIG. five 21 Fig.c Compiled by A.Smurov Editor T.YurchikovaTekhred M.MorgentalKorrektor O. Kravtsova Order 1536 Circulation: Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow. Zh-35, Raushska nab., 4/5 18