SU1717025A1 - Device for subsurface irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to land reclamation and is intended for irrigation of agricultural crops with melt and rainwater accumulated in the device during the non-growing season. The purpose of the invention is to increase the water holding capacity of a funnel-shaped collector on sloping lands, as well as to maintain the optimum moisture and salt regime of the soil. The device includes a collector 1, a filling tank 2. open collectors 3, a distribution pipe, finely humidifiers 11, a vertical pipe 14 with a valve 15. During the period of precipitation, collectors 3 intercept surface runoff and direct it to tank 2, from which water flows during irrigation enters humidifier 11. When salt accumulates in the soil layer, the valve 15 is opened and flushing is performed with water supply to the soil surface. 2 Il.

Description

1

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to land reclamation, and can be used for subsurface irrigation of agricultural crops on slope lands.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the water-holding capacity of a funnel-shaped collector on sloping lands, as well as to maintain the optimum moisture and salt regime of the soil.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a cross-section; in fig. 2 - the same plan view.

The device contains a funnel-shaped collector 1 of soil moisture, made of waterproof material, and an accumulative container 2 located under it. To increase water-holding capacity, the funnel-shaped collector 1 is connected to an open collector 3 located across the terrain slope. Capacities 1 and 3 are located below the level of the surface 4 of the earth and are located relative to the landings of 5 agricultural crops above the slope of the terrain. The funnel-shaped collector 1 is connected to the storage tank 2 by the neck 6, inside which the grid 7 is placed. On the grid 7 in the cavity of the funnel-shaped collector 1 a layer 8 of gravel-sand drainage material is poured. The storage tank 2 through a horizontal tubular branch 9 and distribution pipe 10 is hermetically connected to a finely humidifier 11 located below the bottom of the 12th furrow in the root zone 13 of the soil. Distribution pipe 10 through a vertical pipe 14 with a valve 15 has access to the surface of the day inside the furrow, with the top of the vertical tubular outlet located below the ridge 16 of the furrow. On the tubular outlet 9 installed valve 17.

The device works as follows.

When atmospheric precipitation falls, as well as during the formation of thawed surface water on sloping lands, surface runoff is intercepted by the open collector 3 and sent to the funnel collector 1. The water accumulating in the funnel collector 1 flows through the layer of gravel-sand draining material and the mesh 7 in the throat 6 of the funnel-shaped collector, falls into the container 2 and accumulates in it. At the same time, the valves 15 and 17 are closed. The process of collecting and accumulating moisture in the storage tank 2 under the conditions of the arid zone is characteristic of the non-growing autumn-winter-spring period, when most of the precipitation falls. During the growing season, if necessary, irrigation open the valves 15 and 17. In this case, the water from the accumulative

The containers 2 through the horizontal tubular outlet 9 under the pressure H enter the cavity of the fine-pore humidifier 11, after filling which at the time of water flow through the vertical pipe 14 to the day surface, the valve 15 is closed. From this moment on, subsurface irrigation of planting of 5 agricultural crops is carried out. As you spend and decrease the water level in the cumulative

tank 2, the device enters the automatic vacuum mode of the subsoil humidification. At the same time, as the soil dries up due to the water consumption of plants and evaporation, the sucking power of the soil increases, which facilitates the drainage of water from fine-pored humidifiers 11 to the soil capillaries. The vacuum in the pipes causes suction and rise of water through the pipe 9 from the storage tank 2.

With such a constant subsoil irrigation regime, especially in the arid zone, due to the intensive total evaporation of moisture, salt deposition occurs in the upper layers of the soil. To regulate the salt regime of the root zone of the soil, surface washings are necessary, which are carried out during the non-growing period.

For washing irrigation

at the maximum water level in the storage tank 2, it is necessary to open the valves 17 and 15. At the same time, the water from the storage tank through the horizontal: tubular outlet 9, fine-humidifier 11 and the vertical outlet pipe 14 to the day surface enters the bottom of the furrow 12. The volume of water supply for rinsing the root layer is regulated with the help of a valve 15. Surface willows, if necessary, can also be carried out during the growing season of agricultural crops.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for subsurface irrigation, including a funnel-shaped soil moisture collector and a storage tank communicated with it, which differs from the fact that, in order to increase water-holding capacity and maintain optimum moisture and salt conditions of the soil of sloping lands, the device is equipped with an open collector across the slope of the terrain, and finely porous. tubular humidifier, embedded in the soil and connected by a horizontal outlet with a cumulative capacity and a vertical tube with the soil surface. FIG. 2