SU1697613A1 - Agricultural machine process control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to means of controlling the technological process of agricultural machines, in particular combine harvesters, and is intended to predict and prevent technological failures (plugging) of working bodies. The invention aims to improve the reliability of an agricultural machine by predicting the occurrence of agricultural machinery. failure with increased reliability. This is achieved by the fact that the duration of the stroke of the auger screw, which is extracted by the sensor 3, Acting with teeth 2 asterisks 1, is compared in comparator 6 with the setting of the block 7 corrections for the properties of the cultivated culture. The signal of the comparator 6 through the amplifier 8 and the regulator 9 acts on the actuator. 3 il.

Description

6

(/

WITH

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to means of controlling the technological processes of agricultural machinery, in particular combine harvesters, and is intended to predict and prevent clogging of working bodies.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of machines by predicting failures with an increased likelihood.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 is a schematic of the technological process of operation of the combine harvester's harvester; in fig. 3 - a tactogram of the auger.

The device for controlling the technological process of agricultural machines (Fig. 1) contains an asterisk 1, the number of teeth 2 of which corresponds to the number of strokes of the action of the working body on the plant mass. Above the asterisk is placed sensor 3, in series with which converter 4, differentiator 5, comparator 6 with a block of 7 corrections, amplifier 8, controller 9 and an actuator 10 are connected. Block 7 of corrections contains settings for the characteristics of the material being processed, indicated by letters: K - culture, Y is the yield, P is the law of distribution of plant mass over the field, D is the length of the stem, 3 is contaminated, B is the humidity, P is the field of the plant mass, etc. The header screw (Fig. 2) consists of a steel cylinder 11 to which spirals are welded lnye tape. In the central part of it there is a finger mechanism, having fingers 12, arranged in a checkerboard pattern in an even row, and feeding vegetative mass to the floating conveyor 13 of the inclined chamber. The sprocket 1 is mounted on the header auger shaft. The tooth is in the same plane with the fingers 12. Comparator 6 contains a circuit 14 comparing the tatogram of the screw connected by one input to the output of the differentiator 5, and the other to the controlled master oscillator 15. The output of the circuit 14 is connected to the input of the circuit 16 of tick counters. Each of the setting units of the correction unit 7 is a primary capacitive or resistive converter 17 connected to the analog-digital converter 18. The outputs of the latter are fed to the inputs of the adder 19, the output of which is connected to the control input of the master oscillator 15, the Regulator 9 contains a circuit 20 shutdown of the working body and the machine speed control circuit 21 connected by their inputs through the normalizing device

22 to the output of the amplifier 8, and the outputs to the actuators 23 and 24, to the light 25 and audible 26 alarms. The device operates as follows.

In operation of the auger screw, the vegetation mass flow is narrowed by spiral tapes to the thresher width and transported by fingers 12 to the floating conveyor 13. One number of fingers captures a portion of the vegetation mass, thereby giving an impulse of force equal to or greater than the amount of movement portions in his

5 move to the header auger. After a certain period of time, the next row of fingers captures a new portion, etc. Consequently, the time interval between successive gripping fingers of a growing mass is a tact of the action of the working organ. Sensor 3, mounted above the asterisk 1, sends a pulse to the converter 4. The received signal from the converter 4 is fed to the differentiator 5,

5 where the relative change in exposure tact is determined. With a relative change in the clock cycle, the signal follows the comparator 6 for comparison with the clocking tactogram. Simultaneously, from block 7 of the adjustments to the comparator 6, signals are generated that are formed in the setters for correcting the clogging tactogram. The signal in correction block 7 is formed based on the conditions of harvesting; the crop to be harvested, the law of its distribution over the field and the density of its biometric parameters (yield, durability, contamination, humidity, etc.). From the comparator 6, the signal goes to amplifier 8, then

0 to regulator 9 and to the actuators 10..

On the clocking tactogram (Fig. 3) of the header auger, the following symbols are used: TXx - tact of the no-load effect of the auger; The tour is a cycle of action at steady state; TNR - tact when steady state; Tz - tact when driving the auger; g - the duration of the impact of the screw; 1-50 0 the number of cycles of exposure of the same duration; I, M-VI - the degree of violation of the process.

In normal operation of the auger, the headers are formed by -Tacts of action of the same duration. In the absence of a relative change in the duration of the action cycles following one after another, the differentiator 5 does not generate any signals. Disruption of the process is characterized by a relative change in the duration of the cycles and their frequency. In this case, the differentiator 5 generates a signal that arrives at the comparator b, where the degree of violation of the technological process is determined according to the clocking tactogram (Fig. 3). A hackogram is a pattern of consistency of action cycles with a certain duration of inter-impact intervals in a given load range, which, depending on the working conditions, is corrected by block 7. cycles of action of the same duration (for this example, this number is 43). A further violation of the mode of operation on the tactogram gives the following number of cycles (39) of even longer duration — this is a violation of the second degree. And so, right up to the actual clogging, according to the number of cycles of action of the same duration, the technological process can be decomposed into degrees of violation. In case of violations of I, II degrees, the signal of the differentiator 5 is fed to the comparator 6, the amplifier 8 and the regulator 9, which by light 25 and audible 26 alarm informs the driver about the malfunction and at the same time has a regulating effect combine harvester. In the case of hitting stones or other objects, the number of degrees of violation of the mode of operation is reduced to a minimum, and the regulating device 9, having received the first signal in duration equal to the III degree of violation, turns off the drive of the header screw and stops the combine.

Claims (1)

The application of the proposed device provides an increase in the reliability of prediction of blocking of the working bodies of the combine and a reduction in the time of technological downtime, i.e. increase the technological reliability of the combine. An invention of a process control device of agricultural machines, comprising an asterisk mounted on the axis of the working member and connected in series with a rotational speed sensor of the working member, a converter, a differentiator, a comparator, an amplifier and a regulator, characterized in that a high probability failure prediction account, the device is equipped with a correction block with setters of the characteristics of the material being processed, connected to a comparator, a tooth The sprockets are installed in the same plane with the surfaces of the working body, and the number of sprocket teeth corresponds to the number of these surfaces. and  Schig.2