SU1668535A1 - Method for protecting mining operations against break-through water during underworking of hydraulic engineering projects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering. The purpose of the invention is to improve the safety of underground mining and the efficiency of mineral development by simultaneously maintaining protective measures and excavating the ore body. Under the bottom of the water body 2, falling into the area of underworking, a waterproofing layer is created with a thickness necessary to prevent water filtration. The layer is created by injecting a solution into the substance with waterproofing additives through wells 4 and 5, drilled in parallel and perpendicular to the orebody. Initially, they are injected into wells 4, drilled perpendicular to the ore body, into a viscous substance with a viscosity and fineness larger than wells 5, drilled parallel to the ore body, to create a barrier layer. In the process of mining the ore body, when the cracks widen, the impermeable layer 7 is renewed by subsequent injection into a viscous substance with waterproofing additives. In order to control the deformation of the array of wells 4, 5, after the injection into the viscous substance is filled with water. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to the development of deposits under water bodies.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the safety of underground mining and the efficiency of mineral development by simultaneously maintaining protective measures and excavating the ore body.

FIG. 1 shows a plan of the surface above the ore body being processed; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

Before excavation of mineral 1 on the surface near the water body 2, surveying benchmarks 3 are laid and initial observations are made of the movement of rocks. In the area of a water body in the area of intended refining, determined by the angles of breaks, on a special grid, perpendicular to the supposedly largest fractures to the required depth of the borehole 4, perpendicular to the ore body for pumping into a live material of large consistency

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waterproofing additives and boreholes 5 parallel to the ore body, through which it is supposed to close the cracks resulting from the shift in the remaining solution of a smaller size (up to 40 microns), the distance between the wells is established taking into account the values of rock deformation, aggregate size and injection consistency solution.

In the process of mining, deposits are periodically carried out instrumental observations, fixing the development of deformations under the influence of mining, approaching the water body to points with coitical deformations (stretching 5-10 mm / m), corresponding to the appearance of water-conducting cracks. In the immediate vicinity of the water body, during this period, only microcracks develop, perpendicular to the ore body and somewhat larger than the microbundle 6 of the massif.

To prevent water seepage, it is necessary to periodically recreate the waterproofing layer // located under the bottom of a reservoir located in the zone of cracks, under the destructive influence of mining.

The further development of mining operations with time will again lead to the deformation of the rock mass in the area protected by berm 9 of the water body, the appearance of microcracks and microcavities. Their values are determined by subsequent observations on surveying ramps. During the increment in the area of the object of deformations of the rock mass by an amount commensurate with the critical values, re-injection is carried out in the holding solution until the microcracks are completely closed, caused by the continuation of the rock deformation process. As a result of periodic multiple injections into the settling solutions in the mountain range under the water body, the watertightness of the rocks can be ensured with common significant rock deformations, typical, for example, for zones of large cracks in the shear displacement e 2Q-30 mm / m,

Conducting injections is less costly and time consuming than coating, and will be carried out in separate sections of the reservoir that soon fall, according to observations, in the zone of water-conducting cracks. The process of the development of surface deformations before the appearance of water-conducting cracks under conditions of smooth displacement is rather long in time, which makes it possible to carry out injections in time to seal the water-proof layer.

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of protecting mining operations from water breakthroughs in the processing of water bodies, including the creation of a waterproofing layer in an array under the bottom of a water body by introducing bitumen with waterproofing additives, setting reference points on the surface in the area of ore body mining and conducting instrumental observations of deformation surface, characterized in that, in order to increase the safety of underground mining and the efficiency of mining, by simultaneously days of protective measures and excavation of the ore body from the surface to a depth that prevents water filtration, perpendicular and parallel to the ore body, bore the hole, and the introduction of the burning substance is carried out initially through the wells drilled perpendicular to the ore body to create a barrier layer, then injected into a viscous substance of lesser viscosity with a smaller aggregate size into the wells drilled parallel to the ore body, thereafter the wells are filled with water to control the deformation of the massif, and when a crack appears In the array, the injection process and water well filling periodically repeat. 5 5 / s A Fig, / ° “/  V / /// ///