SU1618442A1 - Material desintegrating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of grinding waste from high-strength polymer composites. The device includes a housing with two fixed knives installed in it two-sidedly, upper and lower rotors with knives interacting with fixed knives of the respective torso in the housing, a material feed mechanism, loading and unloading nozzles, a shutter installed in the vertical plane between the upper and lower rotors, and in the zone of the lower rotor action there is a block with The blade is made in the form of a comb with the front face of the teeth, beveled at an angle of 100-110 ° & to the rear face, and a replaceable liner with a curvilinear surface facing the lower rotor in the zone of contact of the liner with a beveled front face of the comb and air channels made with diffuser openings extending to the curvilinear surface opposite to the cavities of the comb alternating through each depression. In this case, the cutting part of the knives of the lower rotor can be made in the form of steps directed towards the comb. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. ate

Description

The invention relates to a device for grinding and can be applied in the construction, chemical and other industries in the processing of waste from fiberglass, thermoplastics, thermoset plastics and other polymeric materials.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of grinding waste from high-strength polymer composite materials.

FIG. 1 shows a device for grinding materials, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

A device for grinding materials consists of a housing 1. in which the upper 2 and lower 3 horizontal rotating rotors are mounted. The upper pomp 1 is made in the form of an all-metal drum with knives 4 fixed on its periphery at an angle to the axis of rotation of the rotor and having a saw-like shape of the cutting part, and the fixed knife 5 is fixed in the holder 6 mounted on the inner surface of the body 1. Cutting edge of the stationary knife 5 is made convex with a curvature corresponding to the trajectory formed by the cutting edges of the knives 4 of the rotor 2. In the area of the upper rotor 2 a material feed mechanism 7 is mounted, which is a drive and pressure rolls. im 2 and lower 3 rotors in the area of the outlet

with

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a loading nozzle 8 serving for loading lumpy solid or fibrous soft small waste is located in the vertical plane of the valve 9. The lower rotor 3 is made in the form of a hollow drum with knives 10 mounted on its periphery along a helical line 10. In the zone of the lower rotor 3 is mounted block 11 with a fixed knife installed in it, made in the form of a comb 12 with a beveled front face 13 at an angle of 100-105 ° to the predetermined edge 14. In block 11, a removable liner 15 is also made of wear of a stable material and forming with the front face 13 of the comb 12 a curvilinear surface 16 facing the lower rotor 3. In the insert 15 along its major axis there is a milled slot 17 connected to diffuser holes 18 extending its extension to the curvilinear surface 16 of the insert 15. Diffuser the holes 18 are made opposite to the depressions 19 of the comb 12, perpendicular to the larger axis of the insert 15 and alternating through each depression 19. The knives 10 of the lower rotor 3 can be made in the form of steps directed towards the comb 12, the total size of the steps of the knife 10, equal to the depth of the depression 19 of the comb 12. In the lower wall of the housing 1 is the discharge pipe 10.

The device works as follows

The processed material, such as a sheet, from high-strength PCM is clamped between the rollers of the material supply mechanism 7 and enters with a certain speed into the interaction zone of the fixed knife and knives 4 of the rotor 2, where it is cut into strips carried by the knives 4 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 2, but under the action of centrifugal Forces are thrown tangentially with respect to the generatrix of the rotor 2 to a flap 9 rotating in the vertical plane, on which they are pre-oriented with a larger plane to the surface of the flap 9 and roll down on rivolineynuyu surface 16 of the insert 15, along a curved surface 16 sequentially material slides more plane under the cutting blades 10 of the rotor 3. The knives 10 of the rotor 3 formed by step, in steps of successively destroy the material, which increases the dispersibility of the resulting product. The material particles left on the beveled front face 13 of the comb 12 move towards the rotor 3 by making the angle of the front face 13 greater than the external friction angle of the material being crushed, and the air supplied to the longitudinal slot 17 of the liner 5 and then through the diffuser holes 18 to the rotor

3. reflected from the rotor 3 in a vortex flow,

displaces these material particles from the beveled front face 13 of the comb 12 to the sides of the diffuser holes 18. The displaced particles again fall under the cutting edge of the knives 10 of the rotor 3, which also leads to an increase in the dispersion of the final product. The air supplied through the diffuser openings 18 simultaneously serves to cool the knives 10 and the comb 12. In addition, the proposed device makes it possible to effectively grind both high-strength long-length solid materials of various shapes and high-strength soft long-length materials previously ground by the upper rotor 2, also 0 juicy solid material, tows, fabrics and other high-strength hard and soft materials that are loaded directly into the zone of the lower rotor 3 through the loading nozzle 8, providing dosages An uninterrupted supply of material with the help of a vertically adjustable damper 9. When processing a lengthy profile material, it is in the zone of interaction between the fixed knife b and the knives 4 of the rotor

0 2 is deformed to the contact of the inner walls, cut off and further, oriented similarly to the sheet material, enters the grinding zone of the lower rotor 3.

5 Ensuring in the proposed device the orientation of the material under the cutting edges of the knives 4 and 10 and the localization of the impact of the knives 4 on the crushed material at a point, and the knives 10 - along the line

0 equal to the width of the cavity 19 of the comb 12, allows this device to effectively grind various high-strength solid composite materials. At the same time, guillotine cutting

5. material as in the upper rotor 2 when the fixed knife 5 interacts with the knives

4. in the lower rotor 3, when the lateral edges of the depressions 19 of the comb 12 interact with the lateral edges of the knives 10, the high-strength soft material such as tows, fabrics and other fibrous materials can be effectively crushed. The shredded material is discharged through the discharge port 20.

Formula and gain

Claims (2)

1. A device for grinding materials, comprising a housing with fixed blades installed in it in two places. the upper and lower rotors with knives that interact with fixed knives of the respective Rus, material feed mechanism, loading and unloading nozzles, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of grinding waste from high-strength polymer composites, the device is equipped with a rotatable in the vertical plane valve and a block, placed in the zone of action of the lower rotor, in which the fixed knife of the lower rus is installed, the latter having the shape of a comb, the front face of the teeth of which bevelled at an angle of 100-105 ° for the rear face, with 0 On the housing above, a replaceable liner with a concave surface is mounted above the shoe, mated to the beveled front face of the comb, and the liners are made with diffusion holes extending to the concave surface and opposite to the depressions alternating through one hollow. 2. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the cutting part of the knives of the lower rotor has the shape of steps directed toward the comb, and the dimensions of the steps correspond to the dimensions of the valleys of the comb. AT 20