SU1613712A1 - Hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to volumetric hydraulic actuators, and can be used in power and damping devices, for example, in process equipment. The aim of the invention is to improve the performance by automatically adjusting the dynamic braking parameters. This is achieved by the fact that in the hydraulic cylinder with a braking device in the form of a spool overlapping the drain hole at the end of the stroke, the spring loading the spool is mounted on a movable sleeve fitted with a piston, and the control cavity of this piston is connected to the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a metering device driven by main piston. 2 hp f-ly. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to a volumetric hydraulic drive, and can be used in power and damping devices used, for example, in process equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to improve performance by automatically adjusting the dynamic braking parameters.

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of the proposed cylinder; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

The casing 1 houses a rod 2 with a piston 3 with the formation of a damping cavity 4. In the rod 2, a bore 5 is made, in which a spring 6 with a slider 7 is held, held in the state by a preload by a nut 8. In the slider 7 there are holes 9; through which the bore 5 communicates with the cavity 4. In the lid 10 in the guide sleeve 11 a spool 12 is installed, through the clamp

13 interacting with a spring 14 abutting the sleeve 15. The force of the spring

14zolotnik 12 preloaded to the shoulders of the 16 sleeve 11. Latch 4 damping communicated with

a drain cavity 17 through openings 18 and a throttled hole 19. In sleeve 15, a movable sleeve 20 of spring 21 is coaxially fitted with a piston 22 to form a control cavity 23 and a drain cavity 24 communicated with the drain cavity 17 by channel 25. Control cavity 23 communicates additional channels 26 and 27, in which plunger 28 is installed, with a cavity of 4 damping. The pottery 28 (Fig. 2) is placed in the bore 29, spring-loaded at one end by the spring 30 and held in the left extreme (according to the drawing) position by a clamp 31, provided with an adjustable spring 32 and a stem 33 placed in the cavity 4 (Fig. 1 and 2 ).

The hydraulic cylinder works as follows.

When approaching Porshn 3 to the lid 10 (section Xi), the slider 7 presses the spool 12 and through it the force is transmitted to the spring 14. With further movement of the piston 3, the springs 6 and 14 are simultaneously compressed. Since the spring stiffness 14 is greater than the spring stiffness 6, then shrinkage

(L

with oo

v3

Yu

spring 14 and spool movement 12 g (the piston 3 moves more slowly and the spring 6 is compressed. Thus, when the spring 14 and spool 12 move to the distance X2 from the start of movement to the clearance plate 13 in the end of the sleeve 15, the piston 3 will add distance equal to the cyrviMe deformations of the springs 6 and 14. During the mixing of the spool 12, the fluid is throttled through the holes 19. It occurs as far as the washer 13 stops into the sleeve 15, the stirring of which sets the minimum clearance at the end of the stroke within small limits spool 12, opre minimizing the speed of approach of the piston 3 to the cover 10.

If the spring section 14 travels X2. The washer 13 contacts the spring 21, io is also compressed, and the characteristics of the springs 14 and 21 are summed up. When: - | T Ω, the movement of the spool 12 relative to the movement of the preset 3 slows down and decreases, respectively, the section of the passage where 1) the liquid is expelled through the minimum gap.

; When piston 3 is moved at a distance - |; 1, X, spool 12 will move and some reduction in the opening section E will occur. Simultaneously, nopuieiib 3 presses (|; rod 33 (FIG. 2), while moving which retainer 31 releases the plunger 8, which under the action of the spring 30 ||, it moves to the rightmost position (according to the drawing) || 1 position. This connects channels 26 and 27, which communicate cavity 4 and control chamber 23 (Fig. I) for the length of time required to move the plunger 28 from one extreme to the other. For this constant rejection dressings time from the cavity 4 in the chamber 23 1 ytesnits certain amount of liquid 1 according to the magnitude of which sleeve; Yu with the spring 21 moves downward in the drawing (Figure 1.).,.

1 In the course of the stroke X-, piston 3, the opening 19 of the spool 12 is throttled due to the interaction of the springs 6 and 14, and the law of variation of the cross section of the hole 19 in this passage nopiiin. 3 remains unchanged for any case. A reduction in the cross section of the hole 9 will cause a decrease in the speed of movement of the piston 3 in the course of the stroke Xi, and moreover, to the rod

2 a large inertia load is applied, then the speed of the piston 3 by the end of the stroke X will be higher, all other conditions being equal, unless the inertial force is absent or would be smaller, i.e. the greater the inertial load applied to the rod 2, the higher the speed of the piston 3 to the end of the stroke Xi.

Since time D /, during which cavity 4 communicates with chamber 23, in any case remains constant, with a higher speed of the piston 3, a larger volume is displaced during time D / into the chamber 23, which causes more movement of the piston 22 and , thereby, re-tuning the damping device to the appropriate law of braking.

To reverse the stroke of the rod 2, pressurized fluid is supplied to the cavity G /. Since the spool 12 at the end of the stroke is balanced by the forces of the springs 6 and 14, 21, it is raised under the action of pressure, increasing the cross section of the hole 19, and the piston rod 2 with the piston 3 is moved in the opposite direction. At the same time, the plunger 28, on the end surface of which in: 5 acts by pressure in the cavity 17, moves, compressing the spring 30, and the piston 22 is displaced to the stop under the action of pressure in the cavity 24 connected to the cavity 17. The fr 31 with the rod 33 moves to the original The position (Fig. 2) under the action of the spring 32 and all the elements of the damping device are returned to the original 1-fold.

Claims (3)

Invention Formula . A hydraulic cylinder comprising a housing, a working piston with a rod, fitted with a damper in the form of a percussion spring-loaded slider, a lid and a braking device installed in the crest in the form of a spool that interacts with a hole in the lid, with a perforated slider and with springs installed in movable coaxial bushings, different By the fact that, in order to improve performance by automatically adjusting the dynamic parameters of the braking, the inner sleeve is equipped with a law making up the control strips via the metering device controlled by the worker, provided by the additional channel to the piston cavity of the housing. 2. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the metering device is designed as a spring-loaded plunger located in the lid that interacts with the retainer and with an additional channel, the latch being spring-loaded relative to the lid and provided with a rod interacting with the working piston, and the end of the plunger oppositely spring raz.mepen in the cavity connected to the drain. 3. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 2, wherein the spring of the plunger is adjustable. A2 1  75 . 2.1 ig.2 Jj four