SU15481A1 - Instrument for measuring the height and diameter of a tree trunk - Google Patents

Description

In the present invention, the measurement of the height and diameter of the trunk of trees is built on the principle of similarity to triangles, and the height measurement is meant to be achieved by using two horizontal diopters, one of which, when sighted, moves the root and the top of the tree along the fixed vertical bar, and the resulting division difference shows the height of the tree, and the measurement of the diameter of the trunk of the trees is meant to be achieved using two fixed vertical diopters and one mobile along the horizon noy scale with deletions.

In the perspective drawing of FIG. 1, the device according to the invention is shown; FIG. 2 modified device.

On the base 1, resting on the stand 11, a vertical folding rail 2 with divisions and a plumb 10 or level, as well as a horizontal diopter 3, with a slit 16 connected by a board 4 with a movable horizontal diopter 5, which has a horizontal hair 17, are fixedly fixed. to determine heights. On dioptre 5 there are: a vertical stationary diopter 6 and a vertical mobile diopter 7 with a vernier, the division of which begins from hair 18 diopter 6; to move diopter 7 serves

micrometer screw 9. For moving the diopter 5 vertically, a movable vertical rail 12 is attached to the board 4, set in motion by a lifting screw 13. On the diopter 3 there is a fixed fixed diopter 14 with a slit 19, and in the base 1 there is a spring latch 15 for securing the rail 2 upright.

In the modified instrument shown in FIG. 2, the vertically moving board 4 with a diopter 5 is replaced by a diopter 20 vertically moving by means of a screw 23 fitted with a gear (not shown in the drawing) coupled to the rack 24, fixed in a groove of a vertical bar 25 fitted with divisions for measuring the height of the tree. A diopter 2Q is provided with a fixed stand 21 and a movable 22, which at the base is equipped with a gear that engages with a micrometer screw 26; racks 21, 22 are designed to measure the diameter of a tree trunk using a scale on dioptre 20.

To determine the height of the tree not far from the latter, the device is installed on a level so that the board 4 lies on the base 1 and the hair 17 of the diopter 5 is directed against the mark O on the rail 2 and on the tree

in the place corresponding to this mark make a notch. After that, a certain 1 height is measured by a DLRFNA unit on a wood notch, a second notch is made and the board 4 is raised, by means of a screw 13 and rail 12, 17 diopter 5 leads to a second notch, thereby determining, What division of the lath 2 corresponds to the second notch. By comparing the measured height between the two notches with the number of divisions on the rail 2 corresponding to the second notch, the division price on the rail 2 is determined. After that, lifting the board 4 leads the hair 17 diopter 5 to the top of the tree and the corresponding division number of the rail 2 by multiplying ,. translated into units of length, and thereby find the height of the tree from the first notch, i.e. from the height of the corresponding zero rail. After that, the tree height is measured from the root to the first notch in the same length units and, adding the resulting height from the zero of the slat to the top, it is found the full height of the tree.

To determine the diameter of a tree trunk, find its height in this place and the distance from the instrument to the tree, and knowing these two values determine the distance from the instrument to the place on the trunk where it is necessary to determine the diameter, since this distance there is a hypotenuse gpr of a mongular triangle built on the already known legs, that is, at height and distance to the device. After that, the movement of diopter 7 with the help of screw 9 is placed so that the tree trunk in the designated place is between the vertical diopters, after which the number of divisions on the horizontal scale of diopter 5 is counted and according to the nonius. The resulting number of divisions, which determines the diameter of the stem, is converted into units of length using similar triangles, with the larger sides being a certain distance from the eye to the stem and the definable diameter of the trunk, and the smaller sides are the known distance between the horizontal hairs 16 and 17 diopters 3 and 5 and the found number of divisions of the horizontal scale of diopter 5 and nonius.

In order to simplify calculations during measurement, you can apply tables that indicate the translation of the divisions of the staff 2 and the horizontal scale of diopter 5 into units of length; wherein, if the length of the rail is some number of times the conversion unit used in the table, then the numbers obtained from the table should be increased accordingly.

The subject of the patent.

1. A device for measuring the height and diameter of a tree trunk, characterized in that it is pivotally connected to the base 1, lifting by means of a toothed rack 12 along a vertical folding rail 2, equipped with either a plumb 10 or a level, the board 4 carries two horizontal diopter 3 and 5, For measuring the height of trees, for measuring the diameter of the trunk of a tree, there are two fixed vertical diopters 14 and b and one movable along the scale using a micrometer screw diopter 7, the beginning of which scale coincides with the fixed diopter 6.

2. Alteration of the device described in section 1, characterized in that diopter 20 runs directly along the vertical rail and is made in the form of a ruler with one fixed stand 11 and another movable 22, having the form of a square (Fig. 2).

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