SU1537812A1 - Method of mining mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the development of ores with the laying of the goaf. The goal is to increase the efficiency of development by increasing the span of clearing workings while ensuring the safety of work. In the mineral massif, artificial supports were first erected over the entire height of the block. Then, the reserves are worked out in layers, and the excavation is carried out simultaneously by several layers and layering the developed space in layers with hardening mixtures, thereby strengthening the artificial supports with a padding. In the process of clearing the notches around the perimeter of the supports in each layer form ore crusts to the height of the working layer. Then, prior to laying, ore crusts are made in rows of supports of parallel lines of the cleaning front, in each row the ore crust is worked out first from one and then from the other side of the support, with the increase in the span of clearing workings to the design value with advance in each subsequent layer in relation to the previous one. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the underground mining of mineral deposits with the laying of the goaf,

The chain of the invention is to increase the efficiency of development by increasing the i honor of the cleaning workings while ensuring the safety of work.

FIG. 1 shook the plan of mining operations at the basement of the manual crusts; LF FIG. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one

FIG. 1-3 are designated: inclined exit 1, artificial supports 2, layers 3 ore, stoppers 4, notches 5, ore crusts 6, backfill array 7, ore massif 8, jumpers 9.

The method is carried out as follows.

Within the block (excavation section), the haulage, sub-floor and vent and backfill workings (not shown), as well as an inclined congress 1, from which the development of works in the block is located, pass. OU i- chale within the site site

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Artificial supports 2 were raised to the full height of the block. The cross-sectional dimensions of the artificial supports 2 in specific mining-geological and mining-technical conditions are chosen depending on the strength of the material of the artificial supports 2, the height of the layer being worked and the effective load, which is determined by the underworking flight. The distance between the rows of artificial supports 2 and between the supports in the series corresponds to the design span of the clearing workings.

The distance between the artificial supports 2 is within the range of 0.7-0.8 times the maximum span, subject to the following measures.

Artificial supports 2 are positioned so that the long side of their cross section is oriented in the direction of maximum horizontal stresses. As a result, the stability and bearing capacity of the supports is increased.

After the formation of artificial supports 2 over the entire area of the excavation site and a set of hardening mixture of necessary strength, they proceed to the layer-by-layer excavation of mineral reserves between the artificial supports 2. Layers 3 are worked from top to bottom or bottom to top in separate sections, the excavation of ore in which are chamber-pillar or solid systems using high-performance self-propelled equipment. The testing of layers 3 can also be carried out using conventional portable equipment. Cleaning work is carried out in two stages. Initially, excavations of the 4 and notches 5 are made, leaving on contact with the artificial supports 2 from two three or four sides of the ore crusts 6 to the height of the working layer 3. At the same time, the clearances of the clearing workings do not exceed the allowable (safe) ones - 0.6 maximum spans. Then, in the order from one row of artificial supports 2 to the other, in the direction from the backfill .7 to the ore massif 8, ore crusts 6 are excavated. At the same time, in each row of artificial supports 2, ore crusts 6 are beaten off first and then on the other hand with increasing prill

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35

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that cleaning workings to the design size with advancing in each subsequent row in relation to the previous.

Due to the mining of ore crusts 6, the spans of the penetrations 4 and the gaps 5 increase to 0.7–0.8 of the maximum span. At this stage of the cleaning works, the labor productivity of the downhole workers is achieved as the wide front of the cleaning works allows the organization of labor according to the processes, and the breaking conditions at the two outcrop planes cause an increase in the efficiency of drilling and blasting, which ultimately increases the effects . ness of development.

The safety of work at the final stage is ensured by a high intensity of the clearing recess and the adopted order of mining of the ore crust 6. Depending on the specific conditions, the depth of the front of the clearing work is within 2-4 rows of artificial supports 2. In this case, one or two And 8 combined supports closest to the ore massif (artificial supports 2 with ore crusts, mi 6) perceive the load in the elastic and elastic-plastic stages, characterized by full stability and positive resistance, and one- two p and bl The artificial supports 2 that are closest to the backfill array perceive the load in the plastic deformation stage, which is characterized by zero resistance. At the same time, the rigidity of the combined and artificial supports 2 decreases in the direction from the ore to the backfill massif, which makes it possible to redistribute the loads on the ore mass that is not disturbed by the mine workings and creates prerequisites for controlling the rock pressure. Laying out of the developed space is carried out in layers, hardening mixtures, thereby strengthening the artificial supports.

In the case of possible delays in the supply of hardening mixture into the developed space of the layer 3, the ore crusts 6 are temporarily not worked. Due to the presence of ore crusts 6, an artificial or natural roof can be maintained for a long time by combined supports in a steady state.

515378

Filling the developed space with a hardening mixture is carried out after the ore reserves in the section have been fully mined, the ore crusts 6 are excavated and the jumpers 9 are installed. Depending on the specific conditions in the block, two or three layers are worked out simultaneously. In order to ensure that the developed space is completely filled with a hardening mixture, each layer 3 is given a slope of 3-7 °.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method for developing mineral deposits, including the preliminary erection of a series of artificial pillars parallel to the clearing front line for the entire height of the block in the array of the 20 mineral deposits, layer-by-layer mining of reserves simultaneously in several layers, layer-by-layer tab 25 five 0 5 126 the developed space with hardening mixtures and strengthening of artificial pillars exposed during the excavation of mineral resources with backfill material in each layer, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of development by increasing the span of clearing workings while ensuring the safety of work, in each layer, ore crusts are formed to the height of the layer being worked, then ore are excavated from the filling zone to the ore massif. crusts in rows of supports parallel to the line of the cleaning front, in each row the ore crusts are first worked on one and then on the other side of artificial supports with an increase in the length of the cleaning holes, and the outflows are up to the size with the lead in each subsequent row in relation to to the previous one. FI.1 ll Rig. 2 Bb