SU1453402A1 - Sensor of random binary signals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to computing and can be used for static modeling. The purpose of the invention is to improve accuracy. The sensor contains clock pulse generators 1 and 2, trigger 3 synchronized by the potential difference, and pulse width generator 4 containing a binary counter 5 and multiplexer 6. Pulses from the first generator are fed to the counting input of the binary counter, the signal from the counter output goes to address multiplexer inputs. The code set at the information inputs of the multiplexer determines the average formation probability of Log.1 at the sensor output. The signal from the multiplexer output goes to the information input of the trigger, to the counting input of which pulses are fed from the second generator, and a random binary signal is output from the output. 3 il. 1 hp f-ly. SL

Description

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The invention relates to computing and can be used to simulate various random processes and to evaluate the characteristics of devices for detecting day signals with different ratios of the probability of forming units and zeros in a signal.

The purpose of the invention is to improve accuracy.

FIG. 1 shows the functionality: On the sensor circuit; FIG. 2 shows time diagrams for the operation of a pulse width former; FIG. 3 - the spectrum of signals at the output of the pulse width imager.

The sensor-random binary signals contain (Fig. 1) two generators 1 and 2 clock pulses, synchronized by a potential difference D-trigger 3 and a driver 4 of duration, including, for example, a binary counter | 5, multiplexer 6, inputs 7-.10 . I If it is not necessary to quickly determine the average probability of forming units and zeros at the output of the sensor, the pulse shaper circuit can be significantly simplified. For example, to create only equal signals & A counting trigger can be used as a pulse width former.

In addition, when using the proposed sensor of random binary signals as part of a more complex digital device, a clock generator contained in this device can be used as one of the sensor generators.

The sensor works in the following way. Suppose that, in the initial state, information inputs 7 and 8 of multiplexer 6 are supplied with potential potentials of a logical unit (Fig. 2), and potentials 9 and 10 - potentials of a logical zero (Fig. 2e, g) .

The clock pulses from the output of the generator 1 with a frequency F, (Fig. 2a) are fed to the binary binary counter 5 input. The number of counter bits is determined by the necessary discrete change in the probability of forming units and zeros at the sensor output. With the increase in the number of bits of counter 5, this discrete decreases, but at the same time the speed of operation decreases.

ten

J5

20

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

sensor (for a fixed oscillator frequency 1} .. To consider the principle of the sensor, it is sufficient to limit the two bits of the counter 5. From the outputs of these bits, the signals are in the form of meanders with frequencies F ,, - (FIG. 26) IR ”(FIG. ) are received at the address inputs of multiplexer 6, as a result of which the code from the information inputs is successively transmitted to the output of multiplexer 6. With this state of inputs of multiplexer 6, a signal is generated at its output in the form of a meander with frequency Fi / 4 (FIG. 2h), which arrives on the trigger information entry 3

The trigger input of trigger 3 receives pulses from the output of generator 2, the frequency of which is selected from the following considerations. It is known that any source of electrical signal, due to various kinds of internal noise, is a source of a random process. Thus, the intrinsic noise of the active and passive elements that make up the generators 1 and 2 pulses causes the amplitude, duration and period of these pulses to experience random fluctuations. The amplitude of the signals in digital devices is determined by the applied element base and value supply voltage of the device and has such a value that ensures reliable operation of the elements of the device in all conditions of external influences specified in the regulatory documentation on the elements. Therefore, the influence of fluctuations of the amplitude of the pulses when considering the operation of the proposed sensor of random binary signals can be neglected.

In addition, the effect of the fluctuating pulse durations of the generators 1 and 2 can be disregarded, since the operation of counter 5 and trigger 3 occurs on the signal front at their inputs.

The fluctuations of the repetition period of the pulses of the generator 1 lead to the fact that at the output of the multiplexer 6, the duration of the pulses and the period of their pulses vary randomly within a small range.

The spectrum of such pulses (for the selected value of their duty cycle), in contrast to the spectrum of pulses with a constant value of 1453402

With a duration and frequency that has a line view (Fig. 3A), it consists of narrow spectral bands, the average value of the frequency of which coincides with the spectral lines of the spectrum of pulses that have a constant duration (Fig. 36). The width of these bands is determined by the magnitude of the fluctuations of the LH, the pulse repetition rate of the helium generator 1. It is known that the correlation time of a random process is inversely proportional to the width of its spectrum, in this case the width of the spectral bands in FIG. 36. If we fix 15 the value of the parameters of a random process at intervals of time greater than the time correlation of the process, then the values of these quantities will be random and independent of each other, o

So, for example, if you record in the trigger 3 the output state of the imaging unit 4 pulse duration (Log.O or Log.G) using takger 3 is determined by the average duration of the state of the logical unit (zero) at its information input for the same time those. the inverse of the duty cycle of the pulses at the output of the imager 4 pulse durations. So, with a duty cycle of 2, this probability will be close to 1/2, the formation of a logical unit and zero will be equally likely. If you change the state of the information inputs of the multiplexer (Fig. 2 g, d, e, g) at the time C, i.e., input 7, apply the potential of a logical unit, and other inputs - the potential of a logical zero, then an output will be generated at the output of multiplexer 6 with a duty cycle of 4. In this case, the probability of forming a unit at the output of the sensor will be close to 1/4.

. If the potentials of logical units are input to inputs 7–9 of multiplexer 6, and the potential of logit pulses from generator 2, post-25 zero (Fig. 2) to input 10, then stupid with a repetition period, the high-frequency ratio of HMilynIca is equivalent to than the time correlated for random tavit 4/3, and the probability of the formation of the fluctuations of the duration and frequency of a logical unit at the output of the pulses at the output of the form .. sensor 3/4. In the extreme states of rider 4, the state of trigger 3 in 30 fed to all information inputs for each repetition period of generator 2 pulses will be random. In the same way, the state of trigger 3 will be random, if the repetition period of the pulses of the clock generator 2 will be subject to random; fluctuations exceeding in magnitude the repetition period of the pulses at the output of the former 4. From this it follows that the magnitude of the fluctuations of the repetition period is 40

pulses of generators 1 and 2 are not important for the operation of the device. It is only important that the fluctuations of their repetition periods relative to each other during the repetition period of the generator 2 pulses exceed the repetition period of the pulses at the output of the shaper 4. For the given example of building the shaper / 4, it is equal to N / F, where N is the division ratio of the counter 5. Thus, when this condition is fulfilled, the specific value of the frequency of repetition of the pulses of the generators G and 2 also does not matter.

The average probability for a certain time is the formation of a logical unit (zero) at the output of the trigmultiplexer 6 logical zero x (Fig. 2 DU) or logical units (Fig. 2 g, d, e, g) the probability of formation logical unit at 35 output will be equal, respectively

zero or one. Thus, the probability of forming a logical unit at the output of the sensor is inversely proportional to the duty cycle of the pulses at the output of the pulse width generator 4 and can vary in di-. from 0 to 1 using digital control signals supplied to the information inputs of multiplexer 6, 45 The instability of the average probability of forming units and zeros at the output of the proposed device will be determined by the instability of the difference between the total switch time gQ or counter 5 and multiplexer 6 of neither logical zero to the state of logical one and vice versa. This difference can be obtained by selecting the high-speed element base and 5g pulse repetition frequency of the generator 1 (within the specified sensor speed as a whole) significantly less than the pulse repetition period at the output of the mold 1453402

Gera 3 is determined by the average duration of the state of the logical unit (zero) at its information input for the same time, i.e. the inverse of the duty cycle of the pulses at the output of the imaging device 4 pulse duration. So, with a duty cycle of 2, this probability will be close to 1/2, the formation of a logical unit and zero will be equally likely. If you change the state of the information inputs of the multiplexer (Fig. 2 g, d, e, g) at the time C, i.e., input 7, apply the potential of a logical unit, and other inputs - the potential of a logical zero, then an output will be generated at the output of multiplexer 6 with a duty cycle of 4. In this case, the probability of forming a unit at the output of the sensor will be close to 1/4.

. If the potentials of a logical unit are input to inputs 7–9 of multiplexer 6, and the potential of logical zero (Fig. 2) is fed to input 10, then the duty cycle of HMilynIca is 4/3, and the probability of forming a logical unit at the output of an atchik 3 / four. In the extreme states at 25 information points that are given to all information inputs (Fig. 2), the duty cycle of the formed HMilynIca is 4/3, and the probability of the formation of a logical unit at the output of the sensor is 3/4. In extreme states, with 30 submitted to all informational inputs 0

multiplexer 6 logical zero x (fig. 2, ds.zh) or logical units (fig. 2 g, d, e, g), the probability of forming a logical unit on the 35 output will be equal to

zero or one. Thus, the probability of forming a logical unit at the output of the sensor is inversely proportional to the duty cycle of the pulses at the output of the pulse width generator 4 and can vary in di-. from 0 to 1 using digital control signals sent to the information inputs of multiplexer 6, 5 The instability of the average probability of forming units and zeros at the output of the proposed device will be determined by the instability of the difference between the total switching time of counter 5 and multiplexer 6 of neither logical zero to the state of logical one and vice versa. This difference by selecting the high-speed element base and g pulse repetition rate of the generator 1 (within the predetermined sensor speed as a whole) can be obtained significantly less than the pulse repetition period at the output of the imaging unit 4, and its instability will be units and fractions of a percent of the pulse duration,

Form m at la invention

Claims (2)

1. A random binary signal sensor, containing two ImijijcoB generators, a D-trigger, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, it contains a pulse width driver, the input of which is connected to the output of the first pulse generator, and the output of the pulse width generator is connected to information entry D-Trig A clock whose clock input is connected to the output of the second pulse generator, and the D-flip-flop output is the generator output. 2. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse width former includes a counter and a multiplexer, the output of which is the output of the former, the input of which is the counter counting input, the discharge outputs of which are connected to the group of control inputs of the multiplexer, respectively, the group whose information inputs is a group of inputs for setting the duration of the output signal of the driver. D | I I I I I I I I I I I I I I F I I I S I S IU-U LГlГЛГУ Lг {J LГ tz tz FIG. g t, V- Tx