SU14213A1 - Fixture to prevent unscrewing nuts - Google Patents

Description

Patent No. 9274 describes a device with the aim of obtaining a reliable bolted connection of machine parts and structures subjected to vibrations and the volume of which may change over time (wooden parts with shrinking and swelling). In a nut provided with an annular recess having the shape of a rectangular or isosceles triangle with a blunt tip, there is a spring sprocket washer having the same profile as the recess. The jamming of the washer in the recess while tightening the nut forces the bottom of the nut to press against the bolt; for loosening, the nut is turned half a turn and the wedge washer is pushed out of the recess. For quick unscrewing, the spring washer is combined with a washer fitted with conical saddles on which the spring washer is seated. The lining washer is cut and has protrusions with a friction clutch mounted on them, which, when unscrewing, release the nut, are removed by means of some tool. A device used to tighten parts that are subject to volume reduction consists of a nut, a lock nut, and a spring conical ring with two conical turning, wedged into the grooves of the nuts when screwing a lock nut onto the bolt and causing their thread cuts to be pressed against the bolt. Quick unscrewing is achieved by the same fixture described above.

In practice, it turned out that the production of non-unscrewing nuts presents some difficulties in turning or forging a wedge-shaped recess; These difficulties are particularly pronounced in the manufacture of small-sized nuts, causing rejects and rapid failure during operation.

In the present invention, in order to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, the wedge-shaped nest for the split spring washer is formed by the outer surface of the cylindrical, provided with cuts, over the nuts and the inner conical surface of the washer, and in the device for shrinking the parts subject to stress and reducing the volume, wedge-shaped sockets on the outer side, conical surfaces of two washers are formed, covering the ring along the skis, which the nuts are provided with and which form the supporting walls for the spring-loaded split th washers. In the first modification, the fixture against the self-unscrewing of the nut, the washers are replaced with a sword, and in the other modified device, the spline washer rests on a conical socket, bored out of the hole for the bolt.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed device; FIG. 2 - view from the bottom; FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of the device with the use of a spring ring with two conical turning 1 and a lock nut; FIG. 4-longitudinal section of the nut with the reverse arrangement, washers; FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section of the device using a conical bore in the bolt hole.

Shown in FIG. 1 a nut 3, a body 1 tightening a bolt 2, in the lower part has a sleeve 4 in the form of a sleeve, provided with longitudinal cuts 8 for greater elasticity (Fig. 2); together with the inner conical surface of the washer 5, the juice 4 forms a wedge-shaped section of the nest 6, into the side walls of which abut the spring of the spherical hinge 7, having the same profile as the nest 6 and the rough surface, resting on the body 1.

The modified device shown in FIG. 3, consists of a nut 3 and a counter nut 3 with tracks 4 and 4 forming two washers 5 and 5 of the sockets 6 and 6 with internal conical surfaces, into which a spring-loaded split ring 7 with two conical turning is wedged.

In the modified device shown in FIG. 4, the face 5 and the split ring 7 are interchanged, and in FIG. The 5-washer 5 is completely eliminated, and the ring 7 abuts against the nest 9 bored in the body 1.

The wedging of the split ring 7 in the socket 6 (Fig. 1) and the ring 7 in the sockets b and 6 (Fig. 2) causes a strong pressing of the lower part of cutting the nut to the bolt 2, and also promotes the joint work of the nut with the ring. For unscrewing, as in the main patent, the nut is turned half a turn and a tool is applied to the lower protruding part of the ring to the side of the knockout, while the ring 7 releases the nut and unscrewing is performed normally.

The fixture consisting of the nut, the counter nut and the spring ring (Fig. 3), as well as the fixture described in patent No. 9274, are intended for tightening parts that can be subject to reduction in volume, as well as vibratory ones. In this case, the unscrewing is prevented by fixing the position of the lock nut 3 on the threading of the bolt 2, for which the locking device described above is provided above, consisting of a nut 3, a counter nut 3 and a spring plate 7 (Fig. 3).

When fastening parts that are subject to inevitable jitter, such as, for example, fastening rails on railways, it may be difficult to directly place the jaw 1 (Fig. 1) on the fastened body; in such cases, the contact of part 1 with a flat washer is achieved by the above described device shown in fig. 4. The taper undercut device in the bolt hole (FIG. 5) is an improved structure shown in FIG. 4, in the sense that it allows to reduce the cost of the device by removing the washer 5.

The subject of the patent.

1. A modification of the tool for preventing the loosening of the nuts described in patent No. 9274 and shown in FIG. 1 and 2 of the above application, characterized in that the wedge-shaped cross-section of the slot for the split spring washer 7 (Fig. 1 and 2) is formed by the outer surface of the cylindrical, provided with notches along the 4 nuts 3 and the inner, conical surface of the washer 5, covering the above juice 4, what a washer 7 lies on the surface of the body 1 fastened with a bolt 2.

2. The modification of the device described in patent No. 9274 and represented in FIG. 8 and 9 of the above application, characterized in that the supporting, side walls in the sockets of the conic section for the split spring ring T (Fig. 3), on its outer side, serve not the walls of the annular grooves in the nuts, but the inner conical surfaces washers 5 and 5, which ring T covers protruding sideways 4 and 4 with which the nuts 3, 3 are supplied and which form the supporting walls for the inner surface 7.

3. The form of the implementation described in claim 1, characterized by the reverse arrangement of the washers 5 and 7 (Fig. 4), in which the washer 5 is attached to the surface of the body 2 bolted 2 and the washer 7 rests against the nut 3, and instead of the washer 5, the conical surface of the socket or bore 9 chosen in the body 1 itself (Fig. 5) can serve as the support surface for the washer 7 outside it.