SU1406351A1 - Device for regulating well duty - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the development and operation of oil and gas fields and underground gas storage stations. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of operation of the device by reducing the degree of gas condensation at the wellhead (s) during throttling. The device throttle is made in the form of a turbine (T), the flow area of which is equal to the section of the valve at the mouth C. At the end of the rotating T shaft (c) 1 steps 2 T are installed, in the case 3 the guides 4 are connected a flow rate C consisting of the crossbar 6 installed with the help of a cross 5 and 2, with magnetic segments 7 placed on B 1, and covered by the coils 10 of the DC magnets 9. Coils 10 are connected in series through a rheostat and an ammeter connected to a source of direct current. The gas output from C, pass T, rotates B 1 with segments 7. The latter, interacting with magnets 9 of coils 10, regulate the gas flow. The required flow rate is set using a rheostat on the ammeter. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. (L

Description

ABOUT)

oo ate

fa.i

The invention relates to the development and operation of oil and gas

fields, as well as subsemiioro gas storage stations, in particular, to devices for regulating the operation mode of a well.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by reducing the degree of gas condensation | Q at the wellhead during throttling.

Fig. 1 shows a device for adjusting the mode of operation of a well, a general view; in fig. 2 is a diagram (5 of connecting the automatic, flow rate adjustment unit; FIG. 3 is section A-A in FIG. 1.

A device for adjusting the mode of operation of a well consists of droplets, made in the form of a turbine, the flow area of which is equal to the cross section of the well fittings, and the automatic flow control unit connected to it. 25

The turbine consists of a rotating shaft 1, on the left end of which turbine stages 2 (rotors) are installed, and in case 3, guides 4 (stators). There is a space between steps 2 and directions 4 through 4, the width of which ensures that there are no windows between them. At the right end of the shaft, using the crosspiece 5 and the last stage 2 of the turbine, the ferrule 6 is lined on the outer surface with magnetic segments 7 fixed with a nut 8 interacting with the coils 10 of the DC magnets 9, enclosing the ferrule 6 and forming the automatic flow rate control unit enclosed by a casing 11 and a lid 12. The shaft rotates in bearings 13 installed in the lid 12 and the flange 14. The device is attached to the line on the flanges 14 welded to the housing 3 and the flange 12. The coils 10 of the magnets 9 are constant This device is connected in series with a rheostat 15 and an ammeter I6 connected to a source 17 of direct current.

The device works as follows

The gas from the well, the passage through the turbine, rotates the shaft 1 together with the magnetic segments 7, which, interacting with the DC magnets of the coils 10, regulate the flow

35

40

50

55

five

0 5

g 5

0

gas. Depending on the magnitude of the current in the coils 10, the magnitude of the interaction between the magnets will be different, and therefore, the force generated on the turbine, preventing its rotation by gas, will depend on the current flowing in the coils, which is controlled by a 15 o rstat. wells using a rheostat 15o

The essence of the operation of the device is that as the gas flow increases, the speed of rotation of the turbine with magnetic segments 7 increases, which leads to an increase in the interaction between the magnets, as a result, the back pressure on the well will increase and the gas flow will decrease. If it is required to increase the flow rate of the well, then the current is reduced, the interaction value decreases, and the counter-pressure decreases, the flow rate increases. The size of the device’s turbine section is equal to the value of the reinforcement section of the well,

In this case, the pressure does not change due to the difference in cross sections, and therefore there is no sudden cooling of the gas and its condensation on the throttle

The cross section is understood to mean a section plane located between the steps and guides and perpendicular to their surfaces. This section is adjustable and equal to the cross section of the free space due to the rings 18. If the turbine has several steps, then it is necessary to install guides between them the required angle of attack, the cross section of which must correspond to the flow section of steps 2, i.e. the condition is fulfilled

 , 1-1

where Sj, is the cross section between two adjacent turbine stages;

S а - cross section of free DOST

wounds;

S; -. section between two adjacent guides; n, i is the number of steps and guides, respectively. For low flow wells it is advisable to use a screw as a turbine.

3, U0

Throttling is performed not by changing the cross section, but by reducing the gas flow rate. (decrease its kinetic energy).

It is known that QV.- V, where Q - consumption; S. Is the cross-sectional area, V is the flow rate, and at S const the gas flow rate becomes a function of speed, due to which the well operation is regulated.

It is known that during throttling the internal energy of the gas decreases according to the law P nkT, from which it follows that the pressure drop directly proportional to the decrease in the gas temperature. Therefore, the gae comes after heating is throttled, which increases the cost of gas and increases energy costs.

Turbine throttling uses the kinematic energy of the mass of a gas, rather than its internal energy, as a result of which the gas temperature decreases less. Another factor preventing the condensation of gas is the lack of expansion of the gas at the outlet of the throttles. The magnitude of the pressure drop is determined from the expression

.R . 3 /. „(- li-HlI

where ptn gas density;

and - the initial velocity of the gas;

and, - the final gas velocity is

left throttling

LE 3/2 YP.

The magnitude of the change in internal pressure during turbine throttling is determined as follows.

LR PHCOS O / (N + I),

four

where Rc is the initial internal pressure; d is the angle of attack of the turbine stage by gas, defined between the direction of gas movement and the normal to the stage plane; N - the number of revolutions of the turbine in one second. With a stationary turbine, the magnitude of the change in internal pressure is determined by the angle of attack about {

U

At c / 90, there is no loss, direct passage, at of 0 ° lR - Rc passage is closed

As the rotational speed increases, the drop in internal pressure decreases, and the drop in dynamic pressure of gas mass movement increases.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1, A device for controlling a well operation mode, consisting of throttles and an automatic flow control unit connected to it, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, the device operates by reducing the degree of condensation of gas at the wellhead during throttling, throttle made in the form of a turbine, the flow area of which is equal to the cross section of the reinforcement at the wellhead, and the automatic flow control unit consists of a cage with magnetic segments placed on the same shaft from the turbines minutes, and the magnet coils ohvachenshoh D.C., 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils of the DC magnets are connected in series through a resistor and ammeter with a DC source ten Fa & .r