SU1347087A1 - Device for selecting control characters in identifying object images - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular to devices for selecting and recognizing images of objects. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device. To do this, the device additionally introduces a delay block, a second imaging unit, a second switch, a third shift register, first and second counters, two memory blocks, AND, OR, NOT elements interconnected with the other nodes of the device corresponding to each other. mi The device can be used in the systems of automatic analysis and image recognition of the topology of microelectronic products, in biology, metallography, as well as in the creation of visual systems for robots. 5 il. i (L 00 4 O 00

Description

The invention relates to automation and computer technology and can be used in automatic analysis and image recognition systems for the topology of microelectronics products, in biology of metallography, as well as in the creation of visual perception systems for robots.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device,

In the proposed device, an increase in the accuracy of the selection of images of objects is achieved by distinguishing features, characteristic of objects, the distance between which is less than the specified one. Such features are pairs of adjacent labels of the original image, adjacent labels of the original image modified by the operation of stretching objects and labels of points at which the objects of the original and modified images intersect.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed device), FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a delay unit that provides for the formation of a 3x3 element window in the image (a) and the location of a check in the window (b); FIG. 3 is a block diagram of forming the image start signal j in FIG. 4; 5 - the original image (contour -) and the modified image (contour -.- „-) after the mark (a) and the corresponding table (b).

A device for selecting features when recognizing images of objects consists of a television sensor 1, a driver 2 of a binary video signal, a first shift register 3, a first imaging signal generating unit 4, a first And 5 element, a first switch 6, a second shift register 7, the first block 8 memory, delay block 9, second block 10 of forming the start image, second switch lly of the third shift register 12, first counter 13, second counter 14. the second 15 and third 16 memory blocks, OR M element sTopoi o 18 and third 19 elements AND, the first 20 second 21, “the third 22 and fourth 23 elements NOT.

The output of the television sensor 1 is connected to the input of the imager 2

that

15

20

25

the output of which is connected to the input of block 9 of the delay, the first, second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the third second and first inputs of block 10j to the second, third and fourth inputs of the switch lljnepBbiM, second to the third inputs of the elements OR 17 and AND 18. The first and second outputs of the block 9 delays are also connected to the inputs of the HE elements 22 and 23, the outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the element, AND 19, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the delay block 9, the Quarter output of the delay block 9 is connected to the input of the OR element 17 ,,. The input of the first element is NOT 20, the output of which is connected to the input of the element And 18 "

The output of the element OR 17 is connected to the input of the first register 3 shift, the first input of block 4, one of the inputs of the element AND 5 and the fourth input of the switch 6, Pervt and the second outputs of the register 3 of the shift are connected to the second and third inputs of the element 5, block 4, and the third inputs of the switch 6. The output of block 4 is connected to the first input of switch 6. The third output of the 3-shift register is connected to the input of the KOMt-gutator 6 "Third

the output of the shift register 3 is connected to the input of the element HE 21j. the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the element And 5 The output of the switch 6 is connected to the input of the shift register 7, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the switch 6, the output of which is also connected to the first (11) information input of block 8 the memory, the first output of the shift register 7 is connected to the second (12) information inputs of the memory block 8.

The output of the element 5 is connected to the control input of the recorder, the e-reading (w / p) of the memory block 8 and the input of the counter 14, the outputs of which are connected to the address (a) inputs of the memory block 8. The output of unit 10 is connected to the first inputs of the coflator 11. The output is kommu- Tci .ropo. 11 is connected to the input of the shift register 12, the first and second inputs of which are connected to the fifth and sixth

35

40

45

50

R5

zk the switch, the output of which is also connected to the first information inputs (11) of the block 15 pa.m. The first output of the register 12 shifted the register 3 by clock pulses from one of the outputs of the television sensor 1,

The initial image signal generating unit 4 numbers the starting points from the beginning of the scan. In its code, the binary code of the starting point number is generated. Switch 6 performs switching of the codes from the output of block 4 of the formation of the beginning of the image signal and the first and second outputs of shift register 1 in the same way as switch 11

With the help of HE elements 21 and I 5, the signals from the communication points of the modified image are selected and the pair of adjacent tags are recorded from the outputs of the switch 6 and the first output of the shift register 7 at the address generated by the counter 14. Before the beginning of the image analysis, the counter 14 is set to the initial the zero state of the XSI pulses applied to its zero setting input (P). With the help of the elements HE 22 and 23 and the element-AND 19 at the point of the beginning of the original image. According to the signals from the output of the element 19, the codes of the labels of the modified image are recorded at the starting points of the original image at addresses equal to the labels of these points of the beginning. This is achieved by the fact that the information inputs of the memory 16 are supplied with the codes from the output of the switch 6, to the address ones from the output of the switch 1-1, and to the input of the write-read control input - a signal from the output of the And 19 element,

Figures 5a show the objects T1-T4 of the original image j by the contour (-), the distance between objects T1 and T2 being 2, between T2 and T4 - 3, TK and T4 - 4 and between T1 and TZ - 4. Objects after the operation stretching a window with a diameter of 3, shown by the contour in the form of a contour (-.- .-) „I

The starting points of the original image are marked with the letters o /, and the starting points of the modified image - o (. The markers of points are inscribed at the corresponding points of the image. Moreover, the marks of the points of the original image are inscribed in the upper part of the cell, and the modified ones - in the lower part. Communication points marked by letters / b and respectively. The adjacent labels for the original image are

Q

5 Q 5

0

1 and 4, in the first communication point 5.2.2 and A - in the second, 3, 5 - in the third,

Adjacent marks for the modified image zl. tags 1 and 3; readable at the first point of communication, 2 and 3 - Eo second and 3 and 4 - at the third. The starting points, the original image correspond to the marks 3 5 3,3 5 3,3-, 5, 4. These bold original and modified images, as well as the intersection marks of the original and modified images, are signs of image recognition (Fig. 5a).

Further analysis of the image by such signs is as follows.

The connectivity components of the marks of the original and modified images are determined (the connectivity component of the labels is the maximum number of adjacent labels). The connectivity components (P) of the original image are the sets of labels 1, 4, 2 (P1), 3, 5 (P2), 6 (РЗ) and 7 (Р4), and the components of connectivity of the modified image are 1, 2, 3, 4 (Р J), 5 (PU. Taking into account the corresponding marks of the original and modifiedBag; znosti original and modified images

The correspondence table of the components of the original and modified images is presented in FIG. 56, Figures 1 are entered only in those cells of the table that correspond to the connectivity components of the original and modified images for which there is at least one pair of intersection marks. From the analysis of this table, it can be seen that the three components of connectivity P1, P2 and P3 correspond to only one connectivity component of the modified image P,

It follows that after a stretching operation with a window with a diameter of 3s, the objects Tl, T2 and TZ merge into one, and therefore the distance between them is less than the minimum allowable.

The use of the proposed device in systems of automatic recognition of images of objects will significantly improve their speed, accuracy and reliability.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for selecting features for recognizing images of objects, comprising a television sensor whose output is connected to the input of a binary video signal generator, the first and second shift registers, the first imaging signal generating unit, the first And element, the first memory block and the first switch, the first information input which is connected to the output of the first imaging unit, the first information input of which is connected to the input of the first shift register and the first input of the first The first element of the first shift register is connected to the second information inputs of the first switch and the first imaging unit, the third information input of which is connected to the third information input of the switch, is connected to the second information input of the first switch exit first shift register output the first switch is connected to the input The second shift register, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth information inputs of the first switch, is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the accuracy of the device, it contains a delay unit, the second switch, the third shift register, the first and second counters, the second and third elements are AND, the first, second, third and fourth elements are NOT, the second and third memory blocks, the output of the binary video signal generator is connected to the input of the delay block, the first, second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the second element AND, information inputs of the second signal generating unit of the image, the fourth, third and second inputs of the OR element, and also five T5 20 25 the eye, the third and fourth information inputs of the second switch, the first information input of which is connected to the output of the second imaging unit; the fifth and sixth information inputs of the second switch are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the third shift register, whose input is connected to the output of the second switch, the fourth output of the delay unit is connected to the first input of the OR element and the input of the first element NOT, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the second element AND, output which is connected to the counting input of the first counter and the write-read control input of the second memory block, the address inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first counter, and the information inputs to the output of the second switch and the first output of the third shift register, the fifth output of the block, respectively the delays are connected to the fifth input of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the first shift register, the first and second outputs of which are directly connected as well. 35 50 30 third exit through the second element 0 50 NOT - with the second, third and fourth inputs of the first element I, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the second counter and to the control input of the record-reading of the first memory block, whose address inputs are connected to the outputs of the second counter, and information inputs - with the output the first switch and the first output of the second shift register, the first and second outputs of the delay unit through the third and fourth elements are NOT, and the third output of the delay unit is directly connected to the inputs of the third And element whose output is connected to the input in the write-read control of the third memory block, whose address inputs are connected to the output of the second switch, and the information input of the third memory block is connected to the output of the first switch. 31 ha is also connected to the second information inputs of the memory block 15. The output of the element 18 is connected to the input of the write-read control (W / P) of the memory block 15 and the input of the counter 13, the outputs of the KOTOpoi O are connected to the address inputs of the memory block 15. The outputs of the switches 6 and 11 are connected respectively to the information (1) and address (A) inputs of the memory block 16. The output of the element 19 is connected to the write-read control input of the memory block 16. The delay unit 9 (Fig. 2) consists of a group of 24 delay lines per line and a group of 25 delay elements per scan time of one image element. The number of lines and delay elements is determined by the minimum allowable distance between objects in the monitored image. Delay lines 24 are connected in series, i.e. the output of the previous delay line is connected to the subsequent input, etc. The input of the first delay line 24-1 is connected to the input of the first 25-1 delay element, the output of which is connected to the input of the second delay element 25-2. The output of the first delay line 24-1 is also connected to the input of the third delay element .25-3, the output of which is connected to the input of the fourth element 25-4. The output of the second delay line 24-2 is connected to the input of the first delay element 25-5, the output of which is connected to the input of the sixth delay element 25-6. The input of the first delay line 24-1 is the input of the delay unit 9. The outputs from the lines and delay elements, as well as the input to the first delay line, constitute the window elements. The number of lines and delay elements is determined by the size of the selected window. The central element of the window 0. (Fig. 2a) corresponds to the output from delay element 25-3, which is the output (3) of block 9. The output from the first delay element 25-1 is the first output of block 9, the output of the first line 24-1 delays - the second output of the block, the input of the first line 24-1 delay - the fourth output. The outputs from the remaining delay elements and delay lines 24-2 are the fifth outputs of delay unit 9. The block (4, 10) of the formation of the initial image signal (Fig. 3) consists 47 0874 of the two elements are HE 26 and 27, the element AND 28 and the counter 29. One input of the element AND 28 and the inputs of the elements 26 and 27 are respectively the first, second and third inputs of the forming unit of the image start signal. Elements NOT 26 and 27 are connected to the inputs of the element And 28, the output of which Q is connected to the counting input of the counter 29, the outputs of which are the outputs of the initial image signal generation unit. The input of setting the counter to the zero state (P) is the twisted input of the imaging unit. The switch (Fig. 4) consists of two elements NOT 30 and 31, the first 32, second 33, third 34 groups of elements II “Q and groups of 35 elements OR, and the number of elements in these groups is equal to IogjN +1 n, where llog N G is a whole part of the number log, N, and N is the maximum number of beginning points in the image. 25 The first, fifth and sixth inputs of the selector are n-bit, and the i-e (..., n) bits of these inputs are connected to the first inputs of the i-x elements And groups 32-34. The second input of the switch 2Q is connected to the second inputs of elements AND of group 33 and the input of element NO 30, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of elements AND of group 32. The third switch of the switch is connected to the second inputs of elements AND of group  34 and the input element HE 31, the output of which is connected to the third inputs of the elements AND groups 32 and 33. The fourth input of the switch is connected to the fourth inputs of the elements AND groups 32-34. The outputs of the i-x elements AND groups 32-34 are connected respectively with the first, second and third inputs of the i-ro element OR group 35. A device for selecting signs when recognizing images of objects works as follows. one Image Sweep Video objects from the output of the television sensor Q 1 is fed to the input of the driver 2, which quantizes its level. The signal with level 1 at the input of imager 2 corresponds to the scanning of image objects, and with the level O, the image background. The element (point) of the image to which the output of shaper 2 corresponds to a signal with level 1 will be called. point of the object, and the point where corresponds to a signal with a level O - a background point. The value of the signal at a point is denoted by s (L), The signals ;, taken by the delay unit 9, correspond to the brightness of the image points in some of its local area (window). The point of the window is equal to that of the boundary points. will be called the central or center window. The central point of the window (FIG. 2a) is bio and me -one denoted by 51 will be called adjacent to the left. Using the block 10, the beginning of the image signal, Kot iMyTaTopa 11 and the register 12, the image is stamped according to the known rules, In accordance with these rules, if the point rtj points to the beginning point of the object (on Fig. 5, the start points are marked with a letter /), then a label is assigned to it, equal to the sequence number of this point, the beginning counted from the start of scanning. The binary code of this label appears at the output of switch 11. The beginning of the output of the element And 28 appears pulse on which the counter 29 of the block 10 changes its state to h -1. Until the appearance of the first point, the starting counter 29 retains the initial zero state5 in which it is set by personnel clock pulses (XI from one of the outputs of the television sensor 1 " The code from the output of block 10 goes to the first group of 32 elements AND, which are opened only at the moments of scanning the starting points, From the outputs of the group of 32 elements AND the code passes to the output of the switch 11, If the points Yao and Ya correspond to the points of the object a point fl - point of background then point of point SL ke L (5 is assigned a label and at the output of switch 11 there will be a label of the point P); this is achieved;; if only such a combination of image points is present, elements AND of the second group 33 will be opened, the inputs of which are supplied with the code of the point-L label from the first output register tra 5 .. and BUT, pop12 If the points of the window are given to the points of the object, then the point of the mark 1 is assigned to the scanned point of the image and the code for the output of the mutator 11 corresponds to the label of the point 51. It is there that at the time of scanning only such 47087 pairs of points Sh t J5 20 25 .thirty .35 40 50 elements of the third group 34 and a code are opened, from the second, the output of the register 12 through the elements of the RSHI 35 passes to the output of the switch 11. At the time of scanning the connection points. such that points Q, d, and 51 are points of the object, and point S7j is a background point, at the output of C. And 18 an impulse appears, according to which the label codes from the output of the switch t1 and the first output of register 12 are written in the memory block 15 at the address specified by the counter 13, before the start of the image frame analysis, the counter is reset to the initial zero state by XSI pulses fed to its zero (P) installation input from one of the outputs of the television sensor 1, Thus, by the time the image is scanned, memory 15 will have accumulated information about the adjacency of the marks in the original image. All signals from the output of block 9 are fed to the inputs of the element OR 17, the output of which will be a signal with level 1 if at least one point of the object enters the window, and therefore, the object is stretched. Since the diameter of the window is chosen equal to the minimum allowable distance between objects, the signal at the output of the element OR 17 corresponds to an image in which objects with a distance less than r are minimally admissible. The image after the stretching operation will be called modified. Using the first shift register 3, block cxirHa of the beginning of the image, element 5, the commutator bd of the second register 7 of the shift 14 of the counter 14 and the element 21 does not mark and write adjacent labels in memory block 8. . The principle of the mark is the same as for the original one. . images ,, With the help of the nepBOi o reg-raste 3 shift signal from the output of zla-g. ;; h that ISH 17 delays-1: for the time T. - T-, where Tf. - the horizontal scanning period of the bodies: the evisive sensor, and T - the scanning time of one image element; From the first output, shift register 3, the signal delayed relative to the input one is taken from the second — by Tj the third to Te + Th but R 1347087 S: K Jl 1 one .. „ Mr. nJ J T N 1J1 U LX Fig.Z FIG. 2 Fig app§ / 1 c / fanui offaffaff fe. five Compiled by T.Nichiporovich Editor A.Shandor Tehred A.Kravchuk Correcto M.Maksimishinets Order 5121/47 Circulation 670 Subscription VNIIGSh of the USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk, Embankment, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4