SU1337019A1 - Trawl for electric fishing - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of industrial rtbolding. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fishing, reducing the accident rate when working on heavy soils and to achieve 1 6 50 G, 72 F, ig. Prevent disruption of substrate substrate and benthic organisms. A trawl for an electrofishing fish contains a system of flexible electrodes, including the anode and cathode parts. The anodna contains two anodes, one anode 19 is located inside the trawl along its axis, with one of its ends connected to the coke and the opposite one. It is located in the critical zone and diverges in the form of beams 20 attached to the upper and lower plates. The second anode 21 is mounted on the top plate at the junction of the square with the motien part and is formed by two cables interconnected by longitudinal sections of an uninsulated cable. The cathode portion contains three cathodes. One cathode 26 i (Л С 21 19 35 8 со со со со 522J Ф, ig.

Description

mounted on the top plate at the junction of the cable part with the grid and formed by two cables interconnected by grid conductive plates (STP) 27. The second cathode 30 consists of separate STPs that are installed on the side plates along the entire length of the trawl. The third cathode 32 is equipped with a 0.subutter cable 1.

The invention relates to industrial fishing, in particular to trawls for electric bottom fish species on heavy soils.

The aim of the invention is to increase fishing efficiency, reduce accident rates when working on heavy soils, and prevent disturbance of the substrate of the bottom and benthic organisms.

 Fig. 1 shows a diagram for connecting a trawl for an electrofishing fish to a fishing vessel; figure 2 - trawl General view; Fig. 3 shows a trawl with anodes installed on it (anode part); 4 - the same, with cathodes installed on it (cathode part).

A trawl for electrofishing fish consists of a top 1, bottom 2, and side 3 plates, equipped with an upper 4 and lower 5 rebounds. A trawl contains a cable part 6, a square 7, a watered part 8, a knot 9, as well as a system of flexible electrodes associated with electrical equipment on the vessel and electrical equipment on the trawl, which includes a static converter 10, a remote control 11, a cable winch, 2 , cable 1 electrically, underwater pulse generator 14, secondary cables 15, electrodes 16. On the top selection 4, besides the pulse generator 14, a vibrator 17 and a filter 18 are connected, connected by cable 13 to a fishing vessel. Pulse generator 14 in 5rat 17 and filter 18 are mounted in the same sealed unit, equipped with hydrodynamic gauges 37019

Lem false selection 34, installed before the lower selection 5 and connected with it by longitudinal sections 35 of a metal cable, fixed with slack, with weights. Electrodes form an electric field, the rational placement of which in the zones of the trawl will make it possible for fish to cause directional movement and effective fishing. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

wings (not shown), which compensated for the weight of the block during the trawl.

The flexible electrode system includes the anode and cathode parts.

Anode part Contains two anodes. One anode 19 is located inside the trawl along its axis, with one of its ends connected to the trawl 9 of the trawl,

and the opposite is located in the critical zone (zone of sharp narrowing of the trawl) and disperses in the form of rays 20 attached to the upper and lower plates of the trawl. Depending on the area of fishing and the type of fish being harvested, the anode 19 can be displaced in the vertical and horizontal planes by changing the points of attachment of its ends.

The second anode 21 is installed in the upper plate 1 of the trawl at the junction of the square 7 with the motien part 8 and is formed by two cables interconnected by longitudinal sections 22 of an uninsulated cable. The anode 21 is attached, for example, with nylon ribbons to the net canvas and totenants 23. The supply cable 24 is fixed along the length of the anode, to which

connected segments 22. The cable 24 is connected to the pole of the underwater pulse generator 14.

The anode 19 jumper 25 is connected to the power cable 24 of the anode 21.

The cathode portion contains three cathodes.

One cathode 26 is mounted concentrically to the anode 19, mounted on the top plate at the junction point K3.

The cable part 6 is with a grid and is formed by two cables interconnected by grid conductive plates 27.

The ends of the cathode 25 are attached to the topenants 23. The supply cable 28 is fixed along the length of the cathode, to which the plates 27 are connected. The cable 28 is connected by jumper 29 from the minus of the underwater pulse generator 14.

The second cathode 30 is mounted concentrically with the anode 19 and consists of separate mesh conductive plates 27, which are mounted on the side plates 3 along the entire length of the trawl and connected to the supply cable 31 connected to the cable 28 of the cathode 25.

The third cathode 32 is a false selection 34, equipped with a conductive cable 33, mounted in front of the lower selection 5 and connected with it by longitudinal sections 35 of a metal cable fixed with slack. The segments 35 are equipped with weights in the middle part and are installed with the possibility of adjusting the size of their sagging, and the ratio of the length of the sagging arc to the length of the chord tightening it is 1.1-1.1.7.

The cable 33 is powered by a jumper from the cable 31 of the cathode 30.

Bottom pick and bottom bare ends are loaded with a rigging chain. Such loading replaces the traditional ground and this ensures the maximum approach of the bottom of the trawl to the ground over a large area.

The lower bare ends and the lower wings are additionally loaded with a bark-chain in place of the cargoes-deepeners.

Trawl works as follows.

Trawling is carried out with a trawl vibrator, for example, an IHEC monitoring device. trailing and vertical opening in order to avoid landing trawl boards on the ground. When trawling, trawl boards are raised relative to the ground, which does not have a destructive effect on benthic organisms attached to the bottom substrate.

When working on stony and coral soils, the lower selection and false selection are raised from the ground at a distance of 1-1.3 m.

37019 4

When we trawling a piece of equipment, the lower rebounds, false counters and lower bare ends made of such a useful chain retract the lower catching part of the trawl, and additional loading of the lower bare ends and lower wings with bark-chain segments ensures a stable position of the lower trawl relative to the ground.

Bottom. Trim, false selection, lower bare ends and lower wings, which are equipped with rigging

15 with a chain and a measles chain, traditionally used ground crops and deepening loads are replaced, a flexible thread is formed, equidistant from the ground.

In front of the bottom, rebounds 5 create

0 electric field. In this case, the selection of trawl 5 does not apply to the ground.

The current parameters are selected in such a way as to cause a forced movement in the fished fish species.

5 upwards from the ground in the direction of the anode. This ensures the separation of fish from the ground and their entry into the trawl fishing zone.

Taking into account the peculiarities of behavior

0 both bottom and bottom fish in

trawling for electrofishing fish; constructive performance of electrodes and their placement are decided by the rational formation of electric

fields.

The electric field between the electrodes 19 and 32 creates in the process of work anodic electrotaxis, ensures the separation of the fish from the soil and getting them into the area of the trawl harvest. In this case, an electric field is created exactly in front of the lower selection 5, for this purpose a false selection 34 is applied, on which the cable 33 is placed

and the front ends of the segments 35. False selection 34 with cable 33 in operation: the trawl is at a safe distance from the ground. The cathode 32 is located below the anode 19, occupies a large area in the lower part of the mouth, its sagging conductive segments 35 effectively act by the created electric field on the bottom fish and provide an opportunity for free passage between the ropes bottom fish off the ground. In this case, the selection of the bottom 5 does not concern the ground and its reliability is ensured.

5133

To effectively catch bottom fish in the trawl, another pair of electrodes is provided, creating an anodic reaction. An electric field is created between the cathode 30, the conductive plates 27 of which are placed on its sides.

trawl out plates, and but with 2 1 and 19.

The bottom and pelagic fish that have fallen into the trawl pass into the interelectrode space formed by the cathode 26 and the anodes 21 and 19, where when the current is switched on it makes a jerk towards the anode, is anesthetized and is counter flowed, the water is blown into the bag.

Thus, in the proposed trawl, the system of electrodes is installed in such a way that the interelectrode space is periodically cleared from fish and fish are excluded from the bag.

Fish out of the bag is prevented

thirty

35

40

periodically created in it an electic-25 lower rebounds above the ground, which

depends on the nature of the soil. The lower limit corresponds to the lower level of the work of the trawl, and the upper - the maximum distance of the trawl from the ground.

The longitudinal sections 35 of the cathode 32, in case of light contact with the ground in the slack part, do not damage from the hooks and slide along the unevenness of the bottom.

In the event of a breakage of any of the longitudinal segments, this does not affect; the others, since each of them is powered separately by an electric switch from the conductive cable in the false selection.

The cathode 26 is installed at the junction of the cable and net parts of the trawl. This location is one of the trawl zones, from which fished fish tend to go beyond the trawl. The electric field formed between the electrode-cathode 26 and the electrode-anode 21 creates an anodic reaction, anesthetizes the fish, which is rinsed into a trawl bag with a counter-flow of water.

The cathode 30 allows it to interact simultaneously with the anodes 21 and 19.

The electric field, which is formed between the cathode 30 and the anode 21, acts on the bottom fish in front of the falsification 34. The electric field, which is formed between the rear field. The electric field in the bag is created by the anode 19, which is located along the axis of the trawl, and the consumable rays of this electrode are placed in the so-called critical zone, i.e. in the zone where the motten part of the trawl is narrowed down to 3-4 m in dm. In this place, as a rule, there is an attempt to fish through the che, if the density of the fish in this zone becomes significant.

When trawling, fish follow the trawl along its entire length, including the bag, and leave the trawl for the most part at the moment of changing the trawling mode, mainly when hauling the trawl.

Therefore, placing the anode 19 in this critical area by the action of an anesthetizing electric field prevents the fish from escaping from the bag. Such an impact on the fish by electric current is carried out up to the moment of hauling the trawl aboard the fishing vessel.

The design of the anode 19 by means of its diverging rays makes it possible to cover a large area affected by the electric field on the fish. By changing the place of attachment of the rays, the zone of influence on the fish by the electric field can be adjusted depending on the type of fish harvested and its reaction to the electric field.

45

50

55

For the possibility of tearing off and extracting fish from the irregularities of the bottom in front of the lower picks, an electric field is formed on a large area of the lower catch part of the trawl. For this, false selection 34 is used, and the cathode 32 is made in the form of segments 35, the ends of which are fixed between the lower selection and the raised support of the trawl and installed with slack for easy contact with the ground by jumpers electrically connected to the supply cable that is fixed to the false selection of the trawl .

Such a constructive implementation of the catching bottom trawl makes it possible to abandon the soil crop, thereby creating the conditions for protecting the substrate of the bottom from damage. The amount of sagging of the cable sections 35 (the ratio of the arc length to the length of the chord connecting it 1.1-1.7) is determined depending on the required stroke height.

With these plates of the cathode 30 and the anode 19, they act on the fish in the bag and cage, the trawl, by supporting its anesthetized state and not allowing it to exit the trawl. Running the cathode 30 in the form of individual flexible conductive mesh plates does not affect the shapes of the netting and trawl, is not subject to hooks on the ground, the electric field is formed over a large area along the entire length of the trawl.

The anode 21 interacts simultaneously with the cathodes 26 and 30. The electric field formed between the electrodes 21 and 26 affects the bottom and pelagic fish in the zones of the upper trawl plate, and the electrodes 21 and 30 - in the zone of the lower parts of the stream on the bottom fish, creating an anodic the reaction, narcotizing fish with their subsequent washing into a trawl sack by an oncoming flow of water. The flexible design of the anode 21 makes it possible to form a large area of the electric pulsed field along the length of the top trawl plate, does not affect the shape of the net canvas and the shape of the ladder.

The anode 19 simultaneously interacts with the cathodes 32, 26 and 30.

When interacting with the cathode 26, anodic reaction is created in the fish in the upper part of the trawl, and in interaction with the cathodes 30 and 32 in the fish in the lower part of the trawl and in its bag.

ANOD 19 simultaneously enhances the anodic reaction created by the anode 21.

Thus, the constructive implementation of all electrodes and the location of their placement achieved their complex interaction on the formation of effective electric fields affecting the bottom, bottom and pelagic fish species, thereby compensating for the loss of

raising the lower parts of the trawl above the ground before the lower pickup and the connected volume at a distance of up to 1.5 m in order to reduce the accident rate of the trawl and preserve the bottom substrate.

The use of the invention makes it possible to efficiently catch bottom and bottom fish species in commercial areas with heavy soils, where ground irregularities reach one or more meters in the form of

with it longitudinal sections of a metal cable fixed with sagging, with weights in the middle part, an additional anode mounted 55 on the upper plate at the junction of the square with the winding part and formed by two cables interconnected by longitudinal sections of an uninsulated cable, one

stones, rocks, coral formations., sunken volumetric objects, where bottom fish species live most and where it is almost impossible to fish them with known fishing gear with their traditional gear, to effectively fish bottom fish without damaging benthic organisms (sponges, algae, mollusks, crustaceans, etc.), without disturbing the substrate of the bottom. In addition, trouble-free trawl operation on heavy soils is ensured; at the same time, the problem of efficient fishing of bottom and pelagic fish species is prevented and stones, sponges, corals, algae are prevented from falling into the trawl in order to reduce the accident rate of fishing gear, by-catch is excluded in the fishery objects.

These advantages are due to the design of the trawl, namely the rational placement and constructive implementation of the electrodes in the trawl with the formation of interelectrode spaces for effective impact on the bottom, bottom and pelagic fish in different zones of the trawl.

Claims (2)

1. A trawl for an electrofishing fish consisting of upper and lower side plates equipped with appropriate selections, containing a cable part, a square, a winding part, a knot, and a system of flexible electrodes including an anode located inside the trawl along its axis and installed cathodes concentrically with it, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of fishing, reduce the accident rate when working on heavy soils and prevent disruption of the bottom substrate and damage to benthic organisms, it contains an additional cathode, a false selection fitted with a conductive cable, installed before the lower selection and connected with it longitudinal sections of a metal cable fixed with sagging, with weights in the middle part, an additional anode mounted on the top plate at the junction of the square with the winding part and formed by two cables interconnected by longitudinal sections of an uninsulated cable, one from the ends of the main anode is connected to the trawl's tail, and the opposite is located in the critical zone and is divergent in the form of rays attached to the upper and lower plates, one of the main cathodes is fixed on the upper plate at the junction of the cable part with the grid and is formed by two cables, interconnected mesh conductive plates, and the other consists of separate mesh conductive plates that are installed on the side plates along the entire length of the trawl. 2. Trawl pop.1., Differing from the fact that the lengths of the metal cable are installed with the possibility of controlling the size of their sagging, and the ratio of the length of the sagging arc to the length of the chord that pulls it is 1.1-1.7. 21 Ubj 2ЛМ J / Ш4 g & Ш5 FIG. Editor N.Shvydka Compiled by N. Osipova Tehred M. Didyk Proofreader S. Shekmar Order 4064/4 Circulation 627 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, G.Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4