SU1268302A1

SU1268302A1 - Four-jaw self-centring chuck

Info

Publication number: SU1268302A1
Application number: SU853918538A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Кондратьевич Запорожец; Иосиф Станиславович Чаплич; Игорь Михайлович Винокур
Original assignee: Киевское Специальное Конструкторское Бюро Многошпиндельных Автоматов
Priority date: 1985-06-26
Filing date: 1985-06-26
Publication date: 1986-11-07

Description

Изобретение относится к станкостроению и может быть использовано для центрирования и закрепления тонкостенных и некруглой формы деталей в металлорежущих станках, преимущественно токарных многошпиндельных авто; матах.The invention relates to machine tools and can be used for centering and securing thin-walled and non-circular parts in metal-cutting machines, mainly multi-spindle turning cars; mats.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности крепления при исключении деформации заготовки. 'The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of fastening while eliminating deformation of the workpiece. ''

На фиг. 1 изображен патрон,продольный разрез; на фиг. 2 - разрез А-А на Фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - разрез Б-Б на фиг, 2.In FIG. 1 shows a cartridge, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - section BB in FIG. 2.

Патрон состоит из корпуса 1 ,, закрепленного на шпинделе 2 станка с помощью винтов 3 и выполненного с торцевыми опорами 4. Во взаимно перпендикулярных пазах корпуса 1 радиально по отношению к оси патрона установлены зажимные элементы 5 - 8, выполненные с коническими отверстиями 9.The cartridge consists of a housing 1, fixed on the spindle 2 of the machine with screws 3 and made with end supports 4. In mutually perpendicular grooves of the housing 1 radially with respect to the axis of the cartridge are mounted clamping elements 5 - 8 made with conical holes 9.

В центральной расточке корпуса 1 расположена приводная тяга 10 с пазами 11 и скосами 12, на которых установлены ползуны 13,In the central bore of the housing 1 is a drive rod 10 with grooves 11 and bevels 12, on which the sliders 13 are mounted,

Ползуны представляют собой трехгранную призму, одна из граней которой наклонена к основанию под углом, соответствующим углу наклона скосов 12 приводной тяги 10 и установлена на ней, а две другие - контактируют с частями оснований двух соседних зажимных элементов. Угол наклона скосов 12 приводной тяги 10 выбирается в зависимости от усилия, необходимого для закрепления обрабатываемой детали 14.The sliders are a trihedral prism, one of the faces of which is inclined to the base at an angle corresponding to the angle of inclination of the bevels 12 of the drive rod 10 and mounted on it, and the other two are in contact with the base parts of two adjacent clamping elements. The angle of inclination of the bevels 12 of the drive rod 10 is selected depending on the force required to secure the workpiece 14.

В отверстиях корпуса 1 установлены толкатели 15, каждый из которых имеет хвостовик 16, входящий в соответствующий паз 11 приводной тяги 10, и конический выступ 17, контактирующий с соответствующим коническим отверстием 9 зажимных элементов 5-8.Pushers 15 are installed in the holes of the housing 1, each of which has a shank 16 included in the corresponding groove 11 of the drive rod 10 and a conical protrusion 17 in contact with the corresponding conical hole 9 of the clamping elements 5-8.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Исходное положение - деталь закреплена в патроне.Starting position - the part is fixed in the cartridge.

При холостом ходе приводной тяги 10 последняя получает движение слеванаправо относительно ползунов 13. При этом толкатели при взаимодействии с коническими поверхностями Отверстий зажимных элементов 5-8 перемещают последние к оси патрона, освобождая при этом деталь 14.When the drive rod 10 is idle, the latter receives a left-handed movement relative to the sliders 13. In this case, the pushers, when interacting with the conical surfaces of the Holes of the clamping elements 5-8, move the latter to the axis of the cartridge, freeing part 14.

При рабочем ходе приводная тяга 10 перемещается справа налево и своими скосами 12 скользит по наклонным граням ползунов 13. При этом кажный из ползунов 13, перемещаясь по диагонали между осями зажимных элементов 5 - 8 (в плоскости чертежа), передает движение двум соседним зажимным элементам 5 и 6 в радиальном направлении от приводной тяги 10. Происходит центрирование обрабатываемой детали 14, При дальнейшем перемещении приводной тяги 10 справа налево происходит, зажим детали 14.During the working stroke, the drive rod 10 moves from right to left and slides 12 along the inclined faces of the sliders 13 with its bevels. Moreover, each of the sliders 13, moving diagonally between the axes of the clamping elements 5 - 8 (in the drawing plane), transmits the movement to two adjacent clamping elements 5 and 6 in the radial direction from the drive rod 10. Centering of the workpiece 14 occurs. With further movement of the drive rod 10 from right to left, the part 14 is clamped.

В случае установки в патрон бракованной заготовки поршня или неправильного ее· базирования по торцовым опорам 4 работа патрона происходит следующим образом.In the case of installation in the cartridge of a defective billet of the piston or its incorrect · based on end supports 4, the operation of the cartridge is as follows.

При рабочем ходе приводной тяги происходит касание заготовки только частью зажимных элементов, например элементов 5 и 7. Перемещение коснувшихся зажимных'элементов 5 и 7 прекращается. При дальнейшем движении приводной тяги 10 ползуны 13, перемещаясь относительно остановленных зажимных элементов 5 и 7, соответствующими гранями передают движение остальным двум зажимным элементам 6 и 8. Происходит касание обрабатываемой детали 14 всеми зажимными элементами, т.е. центрирование детали 14с равномерным распределением усилия между всеми зажимными элементами. При дальнейшем перемещении приводной тяги 10 с возрастающим усилием зажима ползуны 13, одновременно взаимодействующие с приводной тягой 10 и всеми зажимными элементами 5 - 8, обеспечивают равномерный зажим детали 14 без искажения геометрической формы последней.During the working stroke of the drive rod, the workpiece is touched only by a part of the clamping elements, for example, elements 5 and 7. The movement of the touched clamping elements 5 and 7 is stopped. With further movement of the drive rod 10 of the slide 13, moving relative to the stopped clamping elements 5 and 7, the corresponding faces transmit the movement to the other two clamping elements 6 and 8. The workpiece 14 is touched by all the clamping elements, i.e. centering the part 14 with a uniform distribution of force between all the clamping elements. With further movement of the drive rod 10 with increasing clamping force, the sliders 13, simultaneously interacting with the drive rod 10 and all the clamping elements 5 to 8, ensure a uniform clamping of the part 14 without distorting the geometric shape of the latter.

Claims

1 The invention relates to machine tool building and can be used for centering and securing thin-walled and non-round parts in metal-cutting machines, pre-turning multi-spindle automatic machines. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of fastening while eliminating the deformation of the workpiece. FIG. 1 shows a chuck; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1; fig. 3 - section bb; fig. 2; the cartridge consists of the body 1, mounted on the spindle 2 of the machine with screws 3 and made with the end supports 4, and the mutually perpendicular slots of the body are installed radially relative to the axis of the cartridge clamping elements 5 - 8 are made with conical holes 9. In the central bore of the housing 1 there is a driving gear 10 with slots 11 and bevels 12, on which sliders 13 are installed. Sliders are a triangular prism, one of the faces of which is inclined to the base under corresponding angle the angle of inclination of the bevels 12 is the driving gear 10 and is installed on it, and the other two are in contact with the parts of the bases of two adjacent clamping elements. The angle of inclination of the bevels 12 of the drive rod 10 is selected depending on the force required to secure the work piece 14. The pushers 15 are installed in the openings of the housing 1, each of the secondary ones have a shank 16 entering the corresponding groove 11 of the drive rod 10 and the conical the protrusion I7, in contact with the corresponding tapered bore 9 of the clamping elements 5-8, The device operates as follows. Starting position - the item is fixed in the cartridge. When idling, the drive pulley 10 receives a movement from left to right relative to the sliders 13, and the pushers, when interacting with the conical surfaces of the holes of the clamping elements 5-8, move the latter to the axis of the cartridge, freeing part 14. 02 During the working stroke, the driving gear ha 10 moves from right to left and, with its bevels 12, slides along the inclined faces of the sliders 13. At the same time, each of the sliders 13f moving diagonally between the axes of the clamping elements 5-8 (in the plane of the drawing), conveys the movement to two adjacent points. elements 5 and 6 in the radial direction from the drive rod 10, the workpiece 14 is centered. With further movement of the drive rod 10 from right to left, the workpiece 14 is clamped. In case of installation of a defective piston billet or incorrectly based on the face supports 4 work cartridge is as follows. During the working stroke of the drive rod 10, the workpiece touches only a part of the clamping elements, for example, elements 5 and 7. The movement of the contacting clamping elements 5 and 7 is stopped. Upon further movement of the drive rod 10 of the slider 13, moving relative to the stopped clamping elements 5 and 7, the corresponding edges transmit the movement to the remaining two clamping elements 6 and B. The working part 14 is touched by all the clamping elements, i. E. centering the part 14 with a uniform distribution of force between all clamping elements. With further movement of the drive rod 10 with an increasing clamping force, the slide blocks 13, simultaneously interacting with the drive rod 10 and all the clamping elements 5 - 8, ensure uniform clamping of part 14 without distorting the geometric shape of the latter. Claims A four-cam self-centering cartridge, in the radial grooves of the housing of which are located clamping cams associated with bevels by means of sliders, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of fastening with the exception of deformation of the workpiece-1, each slider is made in the form of a triangular prism one of the faces of which is nakdonny and designed to interact with the bevel of T gi, and the other two with parts of the bases of two adjacent cams. .V

(Fig. 2 12