SU126105A1 - Tunnel type reactor for producing acetylene by incomplete combustion of methane in oxygen - Google Patents

Description

A tunnel-type reactor for producing acetylene by incomplete combustion of meta-oxygen in oxygen, equipped with an annular burner with a conical nozzle, the ring axis of which divides the radius of the tunnel in half, is known.

The described reactor as compared with the known one allows to intensify the process and eliminate the soot deposition in the reaction zone of the reactor.

For these purposes, the burner cone nozzle is equipped with paddle swirlers and a central annular channel for supplying oxygen that stabilizes combustion.

FIG. 1 shows a reactor diagram; in fig. 2 is a diagram of an annular burner with a cone nozzle.

The tunnel-type reactor has a shell / refractory lined, a window 2 for igniting a mixture of methane and oxygen, a thermocouple 5, an annular burner 4 with a conical nozzle in the upper part of the reactor and a steam zone 5 provided with a steam jacket 5 and a quenching zone 7.

The cone nozzle of the annular burner 4 is cooled with steam entering the steam jacket 5 through the nozzle 8 and exiting through the nozzle 9. CMCiCb of methane and oxygen through the nozzle 10 enters the annular channel p. Through the central annular channel 12, oxygen is stabilized by burning; The channel 12 is cooled by steam passing through the central channel J3.

In order to avoid unnecessary losses of pressure and energy, the burner and the nozzle are made with a cross section along the entire length (from the mixer to the point of departure of the gas mixture) larger than the output section of the nozzle.

No. 126105-2 -

Cone-shaped (the nozzle of the burner is fitted with paddle swirlers 14 with the blades inclined at an angle of 45 °. The angle of inclination of the nozzle cone is 30-45 °. The nozzle is set so that the axis of its ring divides the tunnel radius (reactor channel) in half. The average speed of departure from the nozzle and the movement of gases in the reaction zone 6 is significantly less critical (90-150 m1sec and less). The ratio of the velocity of the outgassing of gases from the nozzle to the velocity of gases in the reaction zone is assumed to be in the range of 1.2-1.5, which reduces the flow rate gas compression energy. Burnout completion time see This is determined by the thickness w, the spruce nozzles and the number of vane swirlers.

The design of the reactor and burner ensures that the process is carried out in a vertical turbulent flow at average velocities of 110-180 m / s at the nozzle exit and in the reactor no more than 150 m1 s, the ratio of these speeds being 1.2-1.5 with splitting: gas jets by an annular nozzle with swirlers and with stabilization of the combustion process by supplying oxygen up to 5% (of the total amount of the mixture) to the center of the jet.

The central oxygen supply ensures the transfer of the zone of maximum temperatures from the periphery to the center of the reactor, the laying of which is thus prevented from melting.

At steady state and using methanoca | Hydrogen mixture of the following composition in% by volume: methane 63-61, oxygen 38-36, nitrogen 1.0, the yield of acetylene is 30-32% of the theoretical. On 1 m of the initial mixture, about 3 s of carbon black is formed.

Subject invention

A tunnel type reactor for producing acetylene by incompletely burning methane in oxygen, equipped with a ring burner with a cone nozzle, the axis of the ring of which divides the tunnel radius in half, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process and eliminate deposition of soot in the reaction zone, the cone nozzle of the burner is equipped with a blade. and a central annular channel for supplying stabilizing combustion of oxygen.