SU1260414A1 - Bottom section of aluminium electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to the production of aluminum by the electrolysis of molten salts, and concerns the design of the cathode device of an aluminum electrolysis cell. The aim of the invention is to reduce the voltage drop in the bottom section. The goal is achieved by the fact that the carbon block 1 is made with inclined through channels 4, located at an angle of 10-40 relative to the horizontal plane and extending below the horizontal surface 6 of the block groove, while the channels are filled with solid conductive material 5 with a melting temperature of 600 900 ° C. Aluminum is used as such material. The total cross-sectional area of the channels is 0.001-0.01 of the horizontal surface area of the block groove, and the length of the channel section filled with solid conductive material is 0.8-0.95 of its length. Using the invention will reduce the power consumption for producing 1 ton aluminum by reducing the voltage drop in the bottom section and in the hearth as a whole. 2 hp ff, 2 ill. with 5S (L with Fig.G

Description

 one

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the production of alumine by electrolysis of molten salts, and concerns the design of the cathode device of an aluminum electrolyzer.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce power consumption by decreasing the voltage in the bottom section.

Fig. 1 shows the bottom section after mounting the bottom of the electrolyzer; Fig, 2 - the same S during operation of the electrolyzer.

The bottom section contains a carbon block 1, a steel current supply rod 2, a cast iron fill 3 and inclined through channels 4, filled with solid conductor material 5, Between the horizontal surface 6 of the block groove and the cast iron fill 3 after mounting the bottom of the electrolyzer there is a gap 7, which, during the firing and start-up of the saG electrolyzer, is arbitrarily filled

lavet-gm conductive material 8 "

During the firing and start-up of the electrolyzer, the hearth, assembled from the bottom section sections, heats up and, due to the melting temperature of the conductive material 5e of the Schrodthat section of the inclined through cable 4 in block 1, this material 55 melted but not the inclined channels, and spontaneously flooded the block 1 in block 1, the material 55 melted but not the inclined channels, and spontaneously flooded the block 1 in block 1, the material 55 melted down but inclined channels And spontaneously flooded the block 1, it melted down the inclined channels And spontaneously flooded the block 1, it melted down the inclined channels And spontaneously flooded the block 1 in block 1, the material 55 melted it but the inclined channels And spontaneously flooded the block 1, it melted down the inclined channels And spontaneously flooded the block 1, it melted down the inclined channels And spontaneously spilled out in block 1, block 55 melted it but the inclined channels between the horizontal surface of the slot of the block and the iron wadding j creating an additional conductive layer in this area, thereby ensuring a good electrical contact. The copper surface of the conductive contact is cast iron - the block increases, the electrical resistance decreases, Moreover, the path goes through; the current of the electric current in the block decreases, eventually the voltage drops in the bottom section, Yes, melted material, such as aluminum - it interacts with a cast iron fill in the gap, thus forming FeAl intermetallic compounds (density 3.8 g / cm and melting point 1158 ° C). The fluidity of such a material decreases sharply, thereby preventing its leakage into cracks in the block that may form in the process of testing

14

The carbon block is made with tilted through channels located at an angle of 10-40 relative to the horizontal level: exit and exit - 1CIMI down on the horizon. The bottom surface of the block, while the channels are filled with solid material with tegchature. melting 600–900 s, B as alumina and its alloys are used as a solid conductive material for filling in the channel of the channel. The total cross-sectional area of the channels is 0.00-0.01 square of the horizontal surface of the groove of the block, and the diameter of the channel section that is filled with conductive solid material is 0.8–59595 of its length.

The presence in the block of through-sloping channels extending below the horizontal surface of the slot of the block and filled up with material, and the temperature is below the operating temperature of the 1-section section, ensures good contact between the horizontal surface of the block groove and cast iron filling due to the melting of this material and spontaneous filling of the gap between the specified horizontal surfaces during the turn-around period and the start-up of the electrolyzer B; as a result, a current-carrying contact is created at this site t.

In order to avoid the flow of molten conductive material through the cracks of the block, which may form during the operation of the electrolyzer, the channels are filled with material capable of interacting with the sensitive bulk liquid in the molten state, but at the same time loosing electrical fluidity. So the material is al; -1iky and his alloys

The molten aluminum in contact with the iron core forms intermetallic compounds B e / G.

laziness 1158 C, above 11 cups

Doo-dzo with.

The filling of the channels in the block with solid D1.1M conductor 1 um material, having a melting point in a lithium, does not allow for qualitative filling of the gap due to a sharp decrease in liquid-flow7 and this material, and having

melting below 600 ° C — leads, at up to the working temperature of the bottom section 900–930 ° C, to the losses of this material — from evaporation due to overheating.

With a decrease in the angle of the cana1

less than lU relative to the horizontal plane, there is no quality spontaneous filling of the gap between the mountains with a liquid conductive material. The tilt surface of the block does not cast iron and cast iron, and with an increase of more than 40 °, the channels do not reach the horizontal surface of the block groove.

With a decrease in the total cross-sectional area of the channels less than 0.001 of the horizontal surface area of the block groove, tight contact is not possible due to the non-wadding of the conductive material, and an increase of more than 0.01 is not necessary.

The reduction in the length of the channel section filled with solid conductive material, less than 0.8 of its length, does not completely fill the gap between the horizontal surface of the block groove and the cast iron fill due to lack of this material, and a loss of more than 0.95 leads to loss of conductive material when it is melting and leakage into the cracks of the block, which can be formed during the firing and start-up of the electrolyzer.

The invention is expedient to use in the manufacture of bottom sections used in cathode devices.

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15

20

25

thirty

five

aluminum electrolysis cell, which will reduce the consumption of electrical energy to produce I t aluminum by reducing the voltage drop in the bottom sections and in the hearth as a whole.

Claims (3)

1. A bottom section of an aluminum electrolysis cell, comprising a carbon block with a groove and a steel conductor, a rod mounted in a block with cast iron filling, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption by reducing the voltage drop in the bottom section, the carbon block made with through channels extending from the side surface of the block to the horizontal surface of the block groove; the channels are made at an angle of 10-40 to the horizontal plane and filled with solid conductive material with a melting temperature 600 - 900 ° C. 2. Section POP.1, characterized in that, as a solid conductive material, it will hold together aluminum and its alloys. 3. POP.1 section, characterized in that the total cross-sectional area of the channels is 0.001-0.01 square of the horizontal surface of the slot of the block, and the length of the channel section filled with solid conductive material is 0.8- 0.95 of its length. VNIIPI Order 5193/23 Random polygons pr-tie, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 Phie.g 55 Circulation615 Subscription