SU1226091A1 - Arrangement for dynamic balancing of rotors by laser beam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a balancing technique and can be used to balance small-sized rotors with a laser beam. The purpose of the invention — povedenie balancing accuracy and simplified construction — is achieved by replacing the spindle drive of a rotating optical system with an erosion product removal system. The erosion products produced by the action of the corrective laser beam are intensively absorbed by the action of compressed gas coming from the main through the electropneumatic valve inside the chamber, and are sucked by the pump. The pump is turned on through the pump control unit and the electropneumatic valve, respectively, by signals from the outputs of element 2I and the standby multivibrator at the beginning of the imbalance correction cycle. 1 hp .f-ly, 3 Il.

Description

The invention relates to a balancing technique and can be used to balance small rotors with a laser beam.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of balancing and the design of the device, which is achieved by replacing the complex spindle assembly of the rotary optical system with an erosion product removal system. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 waveforms describing the operation of the device; in fig. 3 - oscillograms characterizing the operation of the rotor speed control unit (time t is plotted on the abscissa, the voltage (Uj.) At the output of the block, whose number coincides with the index (V), is plotted on the ordinate axis.

The device for dynamically balancing the rotors with a laser beam comprises a base 1, a suspension 2, in which a motorized rotor is installed, arranged with a coaxially focusing lens 3 and a correction laser 4, a reference signal sensor 5 and unbalance sensors 6 and 7 mechanically connected with the suspension 2, connected with sensors 5-7 unit 8 measurements connected in series with amplitude detector 9, threshold element 10 element 11 2I connected by R input of mode trigger 12, speed control unit 13, the second input of which is connected to sensor output 5 of the pore signal and the prohibition banned R-inlet 14, the reverse output of which is connected to the second input of the 11I element 11, the second threshold element 15 serially connected, the input of which is connected to the output of the measurement block 8, the hard spot phase gate forming unit 16, the second input which is connected to the second output of the speed control unit 13, and element 17 4I, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the mode trigger 12 and the reverse output of the inhibit trigger 14, the laser control unit 18, the output of which is connected Azar 4, and a first input connected to the output of the amplitude detector 9, the block 19 engage and reset, the output of which is coupled to the interconnected S-input mode triggers 12 and 14 ban, AC source 20, an associated signal

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ten

15

20

25

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the input unit 23 of keys, the output of which is connected to the input of the rotor drive, and the control input to the first output of the speed control unit 13, the erosion products removal system 22, made in series of electropneumatic valves 23, designed to be connected by a high-pressure air line 24, chamber 25 with apertures 26 is located coaxially hermetically mounted on camera 25 to a focusing lens 3 and perpendicular to the axis of camera 25 of pump 27, designed to remove erosion products, control unit 28 pump, the output of which is connected to the input of the pump 27, the second element 29 2I, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the mode trigger 12 and the reverse output of the inhibit trigger 14, and the output to the input of the pump control unit 28, the second inhibit trigger 30, the output of which is connected to the fourth input element 4I, and three reaching multivibrators 31-33, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the input of the electro-pneumatic valve 24, the S input of the second trigger 30 of the ban and interconnected R-input of the trigger 30 of the ban and the second input of the control unit 18 neither by laser, the control inputs of the waiting multivibrators 31 and 32 are connected to each other and to the output of the second element 29 2I, the signal inputs to the third output of the speed control unit 13, and the input of the waiting multivibrator 33 to the output of element 17 4И.

The speed control unit 13 is designed as a series-connected crystal oscillator 34, frequency dividers 35-37, the second and third outputs of which are the second and third outputs of the speed control unit 13, the ZI-2I.11I element 38, the first input of which is The second input of the speed control unit 13, the second and fifth inputs are connected to the first output of the frequency divider 36, and the third, fourth and sixth, respectively, to the first and second outputs of the frequency divider 37 and the first 55 output of the frequency divider 35, counters 39, the C-input of which is connected to the output of the element 38 ZI-2ILI, block 40 comparison of the codes of two registers 41

thirty

40

45

50

and 42, C-inputs of which are connected to the output of the counter 39, and the outputs respectively of the first and second inputs of the comparison block AO block, pulse distributor 43, the second and third inputs of which are interconnected and the second output of frequency divider 36, the first and fourth respectively, with the second and first outputs of the frequency divider 37, and the first and second outputs, respectively, with V-inputs of registers 41 and 42, - an 44 2I element, the output of which is the first output, and the first input is the first input of the speed control unit 13, and the second input is connected to the output block 40 compare codes, and three serially connected standby multivibrators 45-47, the input and output of the first of which are connected respectively to the first output of the frequency divider 36 and the fifth input of the pulse distributor 43, and the third output - to the R input of the counter 39.

The device works as follows.

The balanced rotor is mounted on the suspension 2 and is connected to the key block 21 by a drive. The impulse from the output of block 19 on and backing off sets the triggers of mode 12 and prohibition 14 to the logical state 1. The trigger 14 of the prohibition keeps the element 17 4I from trigger and the trigger 12 from the operation from triggering to accelerating the rotor to the balancing frequency. The logical signal 1 from the output of the trigger 12 of the mode includes through the element 44 2 and the key block 21 through which the rotor drives from the outputs of the AC source 20 begins to receive an alternating current of operating frequency. The roto begins to accelerate. When the work turns out, the first output signal from the speed control unit 13 will reset the inhibit trigger 14 to its initial position, the signal from the reverse output of which will allow the element 17 4I to operate and, through element 11 2I, will prepare the return of the trigger 12 mode on the f input if the rotor imbalance in the plane of the correction does not exceed the floor tolerance. If this is not the case, then an imbalance correction cycle will be implemented. At the same time, through the element 29 2I and the pump control unit 28, the pump 27 is turned on and the imbalance correction cycle begins. The rotor imbalance in the correction planes is sensed by the sensors 5-7 and converted in a known manner by the measurement unit 8 into two sinusoidal voltages, the first of which characterizes the magnitude and angle of the imbalance in one, and the second in the other correction plane. The role of this unit can be performed, for example, by an electronic unit of a balancing machine of the 0th class of the Moon type 6365/0027.

The voltage characterizing the unbalance C in the required correction plane is perceived by the threshold element 15, which forms rectangular pulses, the initial face of which carries information about the imbalance angle. After a certain angle shift by the phase gate forming unit 16

these pulses are respectively 0

Q

five

The hard position of the heavy spot of the rotor in the focus of the lens 3 of the laser 4. The cycle of imbalance correction occurs as follows.

From the output of divider 35 (i.e., from the third output of block 13), pulses are received with a laser pulse 4 of a specific type (for example, for setting Kvant / 16, 1 Hz; Kvant-17 Hz, etc.). These pulses, with their leading edge, trigger after the arrival of a signal from element 33 2I, the first 31 and second 32 pending multivibrators. The multivibrator 31 generates a pulse with duration q equal to the on-time of the compressed gas for protection against erosion products (usually c 0.5-2 s), and the second multivibrator 32 gives a short pulse, 1 s, creating a time delay necessary for the electropneumatic valve 23 to operate and supply the compressed gas from line 24 and a rear-firing second prohibition trigger 30, a single signal at the output of which permits passage of a strobe pulse of a heavy seat through element 17 4I.

The first transmitted pulse is calibrated in duration by the third standby multivibrator 33 (, 05 µs) and determined by the design of the control unit 18, resetting the second trigger 30 for-.

5 preta, prohibitions of the passage of strobe pulses of a heavy place during the period T, as with the help of an amplitude detector 9 is selected

0

five

0

constant voltage, proportional to the imbalance. This voltage is controlled through the pulse energy control unit 18 of the laser 4 (the KUMT type QMS-4 laser control system can be used as the control unit) and is also the reference for the second threshold element. Step 10, which is adjusted to the drop amplitude, is proportional to the residual unbalance, and turns off the balancing process through the second element 11 2I, if the unbalance value is less than the tolerance. Strobe t

the rotor places from the output of the strobe phase formation block 16 (provided that trips of mode 12 are turned on and prohibition 30 is turned off and prohibition trigger 14 is turned off) initiate the launch of laser 4 through control block 18 (Fig. 2, I13). The laser pulse produces a correction of the unbalanced mass and a trace appears in the form of a blind hole on the surface of the rotor.

Erosion products arising from the action of a laser beam with a rotor material are intensively absorbed under the action of compressed gas, which enters the pneumatic line 24 into the chamber 25 through the opening 26, and is sucked by the pump 27, removed from the rotor area, which prevents the formation of an obstacle on its surface.

The process automatically repeats until the unbalance reaches the tolerance field from the zone on the rotor surface, after which the threshold element 10 turns off the mode trigger 12, the supply of supply voltage to the rotor drive is stopped and the pump 27 is turned off. The rotor stops and turns it and balances in a different plane.

The process of adjusting the frequency of rotation of the rotor during balancing proceeds as follows.

When the unit 13 operates, the sequence of stable frequency pulses from the output of the crystal oscillator 34 divides 35-37 frequency dividers, first respectively to the frequency of the reference signal f and the balancing frequency fp, to the second to the frequency, 5 Hz and to the third to the frequency f. 0.25 Hz. The indicated voltages and pulses from the output of the sensor 5 of the reference signal of the rotor are switched

ZI-2ILI element 38 into a sequence of pulse packets with a duration of each 1 1 s, a following frequency f and even hours containing pulses of about 0

five

0

five

0

0

five

toto zapoJrneni f

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and the odd fill rates fр, which carry information about the current f and the set fpj values of the rotor speed. These pulses are recorded by a counter 39, previously reset to the zero position by frequency pulses f, from the output of the pending multivibrator 47. Paragic codes corresponding to the given f and

5 of the current ff, rotor rotational frequencies, are sequentially recorded by registers 41 and 42 from the outputs of the pulse distributor 43, the latter spinning pulses (at a frequency f) and shifted relative to each other by half a period. This is necessary in order to write down in code 41 the code corresponding to the given rotor speed, and in register 42 the current rotor speed. The output codes of registers 41 and 42 are compared by a code comparison unit 40, so the signal at its output is equal to logical 1 at fpj fp. and log. About Oh, if the opposite. This signal, through the third element 44 2I and the key block 21, controls the speed of rotation of the rotor, and also disables the prohibition trigger 14 by the first differential.

The introduction of an erosion product removal system and elements that perform synchronous operation of this system into the device allows for improved balancing accuracy, quality of marks on the rotor surface due to elimination of waste from the rotor surface and simplifying the device design.

Claims (2)

1. Device for dynamically balancing rotors with a laser beam, comprising a base fixed on it, a suspension for mounting a rotor with a drive, arranged coaxially with a focusing lens and a correction laser, a reference signal sensor, an imbalance sensor mechanically connected with the suspension, connected to sensors a unit of measurement, an amplitude detector connected in series, a first threshold element, element 2I, connected to the R-input trigger mode, the speed control unit and connected to the R-input inhibit trigger, the reverse output of which is connected to the second input of element 2I, the second threshold element connected in series with the input connected to the output of the measuring unit, the strobe gate forming unit of the hard spot phase, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the speed control unit, and element 4I, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the mode trigger and the reverse output of the inhibit trigger, the control unit The output of which is connected to the laser, and the first input is connected to the output of the amplitude detector, the switch-on and reset unit, the output of which is connected to the S inputs of the mode and inhibit triggers, the AC source, the signal input which is connected to the rotor drive, and a flash control system, characterized in that, in order to improve the balancing accuracy and simplify the design, the flash control system is an erosion removal system made in series electrically-pneumatic valves intended to be connected to a high-pressure pneumatic line, a chamber carrying a fixed perpendicular to its axis focusing lens and having holes coaxial to the latter, and a pump for removing erosion products, pump control unit, puff which is connected with the control input of the pump, the second element 2I, the inputs of which are connected respectively with the output of the mode trigger and with the reverse output of the inhibit trigger, and the output is connected to the input of the pump control unit, the second inhibit trigger, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of element 4I, and the three waiting multivibrators, the outputs of which connected, respectively, to the input of the electropneumatic valve, the S-input of the second prohibition trigger and the interconnected R-input of the second prohibition trigger and the second input of the unit laser control, the control inputs of the first and second standby multivibrators are connected to the mezvud and to the output of the second element 2I, the third input - to the output of the element 4I, and the inputs of the first and second are between themselves and with the third output of the speed control unit, the first output of which is connected to the control input of the key block, and the second input to the output of the reference signal sensor. 2. The device is pop, 1, about tl and - so that, in order to protect the focusing lens from the effects of erosion products, it It is sealed on the chamber. 1 "  21 1AAAAAAAPAAA / 1 ILG | R four (/. SchCH 3) I I nil HIM 111  1 I I I I I I I 11 I I gf A FIG. 2