SU122278A1 - The method of separation of ether-hydrocarbon mixtures - Google Patents

Description

In the production of synthetic rubber by the method of S. V. Lebedeva, in the process of contact decomposition of alcohol, he also receives: C a significant amount of valuable by-products, the release of which in its pure form is of great importance.

Of particular importance is the separation of diethyl ether and piperylene from ester-hydrocarbon products, since the ester is again converted into alcohol by catalytic hydration, and piperylene is used to produce divinyl-piperylene latexes.

At present, the separation of ether and hydrocarbons in the plants of the UK is carried out by extraction with water in proportion and separation of the separable mixture: water of 1:20 at a temperature not higher than 20 °.

The process is very energy intensive and does not provide for the proper extraction of ether and piperylene: ether is obtained with a content of up to 3.0% unsaturated hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbons are obtained with a content of 8-10% ether; thus, many expensive products are irretrievably lost.

In order to reduce energy costs, increase the percentage of ether extraction and improve the quality of hydrocarbons and ether released, a method has been developed for the separation of ether-hydrocarbon mixtures by extraction, in which the extraction is carried out with two immiscible solvents, for example, an aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol and a kerosene fraction. kip 180-200

The method is as follows. In the middle of the extractor, a section of the mixture is fed, a light (by weight) solvent is supplied to the extractor, and a heavy solvent is fed into the top of the extractor. A heavy solvent, saturated with ether, is removed from the bottom of the extractor; light solvent saturated with hydrocarbons is removed from the top of the extractor. Both solvents are sent for desorption. A number of solvents have been tested, as a result of which it has been established that a pair of solvents is an aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol and a kerosene fraction with t. Bale. 180-200 ° have selective dissolving ability with respect to ether and hydrocarbons.

No. 122278- .2 -

In this way, it was possible to separate the secondary bottoms of divinyl distillation and some other by-products from the UK and to obtain high-purity products; ether was obtained with a refractive index / ha of 1.3527 and the content of unsaturated: hydrocarbons 0.3%; hydrocarbons are obtained with an ether content not exceeding 2%.

Example 1. At the room temperature (25), secondary bottoms of divinyl distillation with a content of 45% ether and 55% hydrocarbons are separated.

The saturation of the products of the alcohol layer is 8.3%, and the saturation of the kerosene layer is 20.3%.

During desorption from the alcohol layer, an ether with a content of unsaturated hydrocarbons of 0.27%, an ethanol content of 0.1%, a refraction coefficient of 1.3527 was obtained at a column bottom temperature of 87-90 °.

During desorption from the kerosene layer at a temperature of 200 cubes, hydrocarbons were obtained with an ether content of 2.0%.

Example 2. Separation of divinyl-containing secondary bottoms with a content of 45% ether and 55% hydrocarbons is divided into room temperature (30 °).

The alcohol layer saturation is 10%, the kerosene layer saturation is 17.3%. During desorption, the following were obtained: ether with a content of unsaturated hydrocarbons of 0.8%, ethyl alcohol was not found, the refraction coefficient was 1.3532; hydrocarbons with an ether content of 1.4%.

The high saturation of the separated products of alcohol and kerosene shows that a large number of solvents are not required, i.e. the process will be less energy-intensive than the existing one and thus more economically advantageous. Analyzes of the ester and hydrocarbons obtained show that in the proposed process much more complete extraction of the products and obtaining their higher quality is achieved. Item of the invention

The method of separation of the ether-hydrocarbon mixtures by extraction, characterized by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the separated ether and hydrocarbons, the extraction is carried out with two immiscible solvents, for example, an aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol and a kerosene fraction with a boiling point of 180-200 °.