SU1180939A1 - Versions of device for reading graphic information - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular to television devices for reading and entering graphic information in a computer, and can be used in interactive computing systems for analyzing images of moving objects, for example, images of living tissue during microscopic studies. YU

The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of the device; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the device; Figures, 3 and 4 are examples of observed images; in fig. 5 shows an example of implementation of a pulse subtraction unit; in fig. 6 - timing diagrams explaining the operation of the second variant of the device.

The device (Fig. 1) contains a synchronizer 1, consisting of a synchronous generator 2 and a driver of 3 sync pulses, a television sensor 4, 25

pulse subtraction unit 5, display unit 6, including a mixer 7 and indicator 8, discrete raster generator 9, counter 10, marker generation unit 11, selector 12, forwarder 13 pulses containing control unit ί4, delay element 15 and generator 16 pulses, key 17, register 18 and block 19 comparison. The device (Fig. 2) contains the same 35 nodes and elements with pos. 1 at pos. 17, which is the block diagram of the device in the first embodiment.

In addition, it has a second counter 20, element 21 and trigger 49 ger 22, while block 5 contains a standby multivibrator 23, a switch 24, a capacitor 25 and an amplifier-limiter 26.

The device works as follows. <5

Lowercase and HR sync pulses from the output of the sync generator 2 post2

drift onto television sensor 4, synchronizing its sweep. At the same time, the clock pulses are fed to the input of block 5, the second input of which receives the video signal of the image from sensor 4. Block 5 (Fig. 5) works as follows. From the falling edge of the lowercase sync pulses, the multivibrator 23 forms, during the horizontal blanking, short latching pulses arriving at the control input of the key 24.

When the key 24 is closed, the capacitor 25 is charged to the fixing voltage, hence the level of blanking of the video signal input to the amplifier-limiter 26 is fixed at a predetermined level. In turn, this level is chosen equal to the voltage of the signal of the amplifier-limiter 26. Since the sync pulses in the video signal. located below the blanking level, they are cut off, and from the output of block 5, the video signal is removed, in which there are no sync pulses. This signal is fed to the mixer 7 of the display unit 6 ·.

The pulses from the synchronous generator 2 also trigger the discrete raster generator 9, which forms a sequence of pulses during each of the rows of each decomposition field. These pulses arrive at the counting input of counter 10. Signals from the outputs of counter 10, as well as the reference frequency signal from the output of generator 9, go to block 11, which can be performed, for example, as a comparison circuit of the codes of counter 10 and codes received by the external devices (not shown in Fig. 1) and setting the marker coordinates on the display of the indicator 8. These coordinates can also be set by a special counter included in block 11. Regardless of the design of block 11, the location of the marker on the screen is hard

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associated with the current counter code 10, Like ~ and the video signal from block 5, the marker signal goes through the mixer 7 to the video input of the indicator 8, the Marker is displayed as a luminance ot- 5 marks against the background of the analyzed image.

The indicator 8 is synchronized from the shaper 3 of block 1. Suppose that the object whose image we are seeing on the indicator 8 is mobile. FIG. 3 and 4

. An example of such an image is shown: this is the capillary network of a living object. Such images have to be processed during microscopic examination of blood. Due to the reduction of muscle tissue, an object is displaced in the field of view of sensor 4.

These offsets are reciprocating in the image plane and, as a rule, the main central part of the object does not go beyond the field of view of the sensor.

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Image stabilization is as follows. In the observed image, the operator selects a section that can be extracted from the video signal by the selector 12, executed, for example, in the form of a threshold element. Around this area (area B in Fig. 3) a selection zone G is formed using the gate pulse generator 13. The position of the selection zone is set by the block 14, which controls the delay element 15, which generates pulses delayed relative to the indicator sync pulses. The circuit of element 15 can be performed according to well-known schemes, for example, in the form of two sawtooth pulse generators triggered by horizontal and vertical clock pulses, and two 45 comparators, to the same inputs of which receive these sawtooth pulses, and to the second inputs a threshold voltage with control unit 14. The signals from the output element 15 50

start the generator. 16 pulses, which forms a selection zone of a given size. The size of the zone is determined by the degree of mobility of the object. The zone signal is fed to the input of the selector 55 of the selection of the video signal as a gating signal. At the output of the circuit of the selector 12 at the moment of the appearance of the characteristic part of the image, a signal arises, setting the counter 10 to the zero state.

In the mode of targeting the selection zone to the selected area of the image, the clock pulses from the synchronous generator 2 through the key 17 are fed to the input of the register 18, to the information inputs of which signals from the outputs of the counter 10 arrive. This code is fed to the inputs of block 19 of the comparison, the other code of which receives the current code of the counter 10. At the moments of coincidence of both codes, pulses are generated that start the synchronizer shaper 3 1, which generates pulses of standard duration for indicator 8 synchronization. Since the comparison code was recorded in register 18 during clock pulses that also synchronize the sensor 4 sweeps, the sensor clock 4 and indicator 8 coincide in time in the override mode regardless of the location of the selection zone and image offset.

In addition mode (image stabilization), the key 17 is opened, while in the register 18 there remains the counter code 10 at the moments of formation of the horizontal and frame clock pulses of the sensor 4 and the indicator 8 of the previous decomposition field. If the object changes its location by more than one element of the discrete raster, then in the next decomposition field, the signal at the output of the selector circuit 12 appears in another place, i.e. shifts relative to the start of sensor 4 sweeps. However, since this signal again sets counter 10 to the zero state, the indicator sync pulses formed at strictly defined counter 10 code values recorded in register 18 will also shift in the same direction relative to sensor 4 sweeps.

Thus, the image of the object on the screen of the indicator 8 remains fixed. Also, the light marker and the selection zone will not change its location.

In the stabilization mode when the object is in the field of view of the sensor 4

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the observed image (as in the known device) is distorted due to the appearance of bands from damping pulses. However, the initial distortion (Fig. 4) will always be automatically reduced to zero regardless of the choice of the location of the selection zone.

Unlike the first, in the second variant, in the mode of targeting the selection zone, the clock pulses (Fig. 6a) from the output of the synchronous generator 2, through the key 17, arrive at the presetting input of the counter 20. At these 15 points, the counter 20 is recorded in counter 20. Counters 10 and 20 have the same conversion factors. At the same time, the clock pulses arrive at the shaper 3, which, on its leading edge, generates the synchronization pulses of the indicator 8 of standard duration (FIG. D), Counter 10, as in the first variant, is set to the zero state by 25 signals from the output of the selector 12 ( Fig. 6b). The conditional timing diagram of the operation of the counter 10 is given in FIG. 6c. When the stabilization mode is activated, the pulse from the output of the selector 30 (Fig. 6b) switches the trigger 22 to the state "1". In this case, the element And 21 opens, through which the pulses from the output of the generator 9 of the discrete raster begin to flow to the reversible counting input 5 of the counter 20 (its timing diagram is shown in Fig. 6d). At the moment of passing through the zero of the counter 20 at its output, the transfer of a pulse occurs, switching the trigger 22 to the state ”0’ ’. This impulse also comes through the key 17 to the pre-recording input of the counter 20 and the input of the driver 3. In this case, the current counter code 10 is recorded in the counter 20. If the object has not shifted, then the clock pulses generated by the driver 3 (FIG. DB) coincide in time sensor 4 clock pulses. If the object is displaced in the field of view of sensor 4, then the signal from the output of the selector 12 is displaced relative to the clock pulses of sensor 4. There may be cases when this pulse appears earlier or later relative to its temporary location eniya in predschuschem frame. Correspondingly, their position and sync pulses, formed by shaper 3, change. At the same time, the image on the screen of indicator 8 remains stationary, the light marker and the selection zone also do not change their location.

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Claims (2)

1. A device for reading graphic information containing a synchronizer, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a television sensor, a discrete raster generator, the output of which is connected to one input of a counter and a marker generation unit, and to one input of a pulse subtraction unit, the other input of which is connected to a television sensor and the output is connected to one input of the display unit, the other inputs of which are connected to the synchronizer, the marker generation unit and the driver of the pulses, the input of which is connected to the output s synchronizer, selector, whose inputs are connected with the pulse generator and the television sensor, and the output is connected to another input of the counter, the output of which is connected to another input of the marker generation unit, due to the fact that, in order to increase the device speed, it contains a serially connected key, the input of which is connected to the synchronizer output, a register, another input of which is connected to the output of the counter, and a comparator, the other input of which is connected to the output of the counter, and the output connected to the synchronizer input. 2. A device for reading graphic information containing a synchronizer, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a television sensor, a discrete raster generator, the output of which is connected to one input of the first counter and a marker generation unit, and to one input of a pulse subtraction unit, the other input of which is connected to Television sensor, and the output is connected to one input of the display unit, the other inputs of which are connected to the synchronizer, the marker generation unit and the driver of the pulses, the input of which is connected to synchronizer output, the selector, the inputs of which are connected to a pulse shaper and a television sensor, and the output is connected to another input of the first counter, the output of which is connected to another input of the marker generation unit, characterized in that it contains a key to increase the speed of the device the input of which is connected to the output of the synchronizer, and the output is connected to the input of the synchronizer, and a series-connected trigger, one input of which is connected to the output of the selector, the element AND, the other 00 about WITH 00 with > 1180939 the input of which is connected to the generator keys to the outputs of the key and the first py discrete raster, and the second counter, and the output is connected to another counter, the other inputs of which are sub-inputs of the trigger and key. one