SU1111815A1 - Method and apparatus for ion exchanger in countercurrent ion exchanger filter - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Method for regeneration of an ion exchanger in a countercurrent IONITE filter, including loosening the ionite layer and the blocking layer with wash water, feeding the reagent solution through the ionite layer in the upward direction and hydraulic clamping of the blocking layer by introducing the reagent into the upper part of the spent solution reagent solution, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the process, the spent reagent solution is introduced (L by local flows. CX)

Description

2. Device for regeneration

IONITE IN POWERED IONITE

a filter comprising a housing, an upper, a lower and an average collecting and distributing means installed therein, a blocking layer located above the middle collecting and distributing means, branch pipes for supplying and discharging the washing water and the reagent solution, which in order to reduce energy consumption, it is provided with a plate installed above the blocking layer with holes and deflectors attached to the plate under the holes.

3. A device for regeneration according to claim 2, characterized in that the holes in the plate have a circular seam rectangular shape.

4. A device for the regeneration of the popp. 2 and 3, characterized in that the reflectors are made in the form of plates, the shape of which repeats the shape of the holes in the plates.

5. A device for the regeneration of the popp. 2 and 4, characterized in that the plate with reflectors is made of an anticorrosive material.

one

The invention relates to a technique for purifying water and aqueous solutions from impurities that are in the form of ions, using ion-exchange materials of ion exchangers and can be used in all ion-exchange filters used in the national economy.

The most economical method of removing dissolved impurities from water is the countercurrent ionization method, which consists in that the treated water and the reagent solution introduced to restore the ion-exchange capacity of the ion exchanger are fed into the filter in opposite directions. The use of countercurrent ion exchange significantly reduces the consumption of reagents for the regeneration of ion exchangers and improves the quality of the filtrate.

The greatest effect when using countercurrent is achieved when the layer of ion exchanger in the filter during its regeneration is in the hydraulically clamped state. In order to do this, commercially available countercurrent filters above the middle collection and distribution device which discharges the spent reagent solution, place a blocking ion exchanger layer designed to prevent the expansion of the ion exchanger layer located below the secondary distribution unit C11.

However, even when sulfone coal, whose mass in water is higher than that of synthetic ion exchangers, for example KU-2 cation exchanger, 2.5 times, is used as the ion-exchange material, reliable clamping of the ion exchanger is not ensured, which ultimately leads to increased consumption of reagents and low ion exchange capacity of the cation exchanger.

There is a method of clamping the layer of ion exchanger, including simultaneously with the introduction of the reagent solution in the upward direction the flow of water in the direction from top to bottom 12.

However, in this case, there is a significant dilution of the spent reagent solution and, accordingly, an increase in the volume of the wastewater being processed.

A known method for the regeneration of an ion exchanger in a countercurrent IONITE filter includes loosening the ion exchanger layer and the blocking layer with wash water, feeding the reagent solution through the bottom-up direction and hydraulic clamping the blocking layer by introducing the reagent solution into the upper part of the spent reagent solution NW,

A device for regenerating a countercurrent ion-exchange filter is known, comprising a housing, an upper one. lower and middle collection and distribution means, a blocking layer located above the middle collecting device, pipes for supplying and discharging water, as well as t31 reagent solution. However, due to the fact that the density of synthetic ion exchangers is close to the density of water (1.1–1.2 g / cm), and the height of the blocking layer is less than 10–10 times the height of the layer of ion exchanger placed under the average collecting and distributing device ensuring reliable hydraulic clamping of the blocking layer requires the installation of such a pump, whose performance would exceed the reagent consumption by 3-6 times. This leads to the need to install bulky pumps, high power consumption and the use of large pipes and fittings. The purpose of the invention is to increase the economy and reduce energy consumption and metal consumption of the device. This goal is achieved in that according to the method of regeneration of an ion exchanger in a countercurrent ion exchanger, including loosening the ionite layer and the blocking layer with washing water, feeding the reagent solution through the ionite layer in the bottom-up direction and hydraulic clamping of the blocking layer by entering the upper part of the spent the thief of the reagent with a speed exceeding the speed of movement of the reagent solution, the spent reagent solution is introduced by local flows. In addition, a device for the regeneration of an ion exchanger in a countercurrent ion-exchange filter, comprising a housing, upper, lower and middle precast distribution means installed in it, a blocking layer located above the secondary precast distribution means, pipes for supplying and discharging washing water and The reagent solution is provided mounted above the blocking layer with a plate with holes and reflectors attached to the plate under the holes. The openings in the slab are round or rectangular. The reflectors are made in the form of plates, the shape of which repeats the shape of the holes in the plates. 154. Moreover, the plate with reflectors is made of anticorrosive material. Pa Fig, 1 shows the filter, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the bump stops in the case of rectangular openings; Figure 5 is the same with round holes in the plates. The device consists of a plate 1, having round slots 2 or 3 rectangular shapes, under which reflectors are installed, also having a round 4 or rectangular 5 shape. The plate is mounted above the blocking layer 6, located above the middle collecting and distributing device 7, below which is placed the layer 8 of the filtering ion exchanger. The plate is fastened to the filter housing 9, having a bottom 10. The volume 11 above the plate 1 is filled with water and is provided for expansion of the material when loosening it. The filter is also provided with the upper 12 and lower 13 collecting devices. A pipe 14 is provided to enter the source water into the filter, a pipe 15 is provided for discharging waste water. The pipe 16 is intended to introduce water into the blocking layer, the pipe 17 is installed in the Hi-gzhnoy part of the filter to supply wash water when loosening the entire ion exchanger layer. Pipe 18 is installed to remove polluted water from the filter. The pipe 19 is installed at the bottom of the filter to supply the reagent solution. The pipes 20 and 21 are connected to the pump 22 and connect the middle collection and distribution unit. The device 7 is connected to the upper part of the filter. The pipe 23 is designed to drain excess waste solution of the reagent from the middle collection and distribution device 7. Example. The source water is supplied to the pipe 14, it passes the upper collecting-distributing device 12, the water cushion - volume 11, the slots in the plate 1 and then with the help of reflectors changes the direction of movement by 90 and in the form of local flows enters the blocking layer 6. After passing through the layers 6 1 and 8, the treated water through the pipe 15 is directed to the consumer. When the concentration of the removed ion is above the allowable limit, the filter is turned off for regeneration. To do this, the blocking layer is first loosened by supplying washing water through the pipe 16, which, after passing the average collecting and distributing device 7, further displaces a part of the material of the blocking layer 6 through the slots 2 in the plate 1 into the space above the plate. Water containing washed contaminants and ionic fines is drained through pipe 18. The entire layer of ion exchanger is periodically loosened. In this case, the washing water is introduced into the filter through pipe 17. At the end of the disintegration, the ion exchanger is regenerated. When regenerating, for example, anion exchanger grade, a 4% solution of caustic soda is injected into the lower part of the filter through pipe 19, which is passed upwards (countercurrently) at a solution rate of 4 m / h. The spent alkali solution is collected by the middle collection device 7 and sent through pipes 20 and 21 by pump 22 to the upper part of the filter. The speed of movement of the spent alkali solution in the space above the plate 1 is maintained at 4 m / h by opening the valve on the pipe 23 used to remove the excess volume of the spent solution by an appropriate amount. Next, the spent alkali solution is passed through the slots in the plate 1 and after the reflectors are introduced by local flows into the upper part of the blocking layer. When a blocking layer of the same ion exchanger used for water ionization is used as a material, the speed of movement of the local flows of the spent reagent solution is maintained at a level that exceeds the value of the rate of movement of the reagent solution through the layer of ionite located under the middle distributor 36 times. In this case, when using an AB-17 anion exchange resin blocking material as the material, the rate of movement of the local streams of the spent alkali solution is maintained within 12-24 m / h. In those cases, when an inert material is used as a blocking layer material, the specific weight 156 in water of which is 4-5 times lower than the specific mass of the ion exchanger, then the speed of movement of local flows increases and its value, according to experimental data, exceeds the speed of movement of the reagent solution in the ionite c. 12-15 times. The washing of the ion exchanger from the reaction products is slow (similar to regeneration, with the difference that instead of the reagent solution, washing water is introduced into the lower part of the filter through the pipe 17. The speed of movement of the wash water in the ion exchanger layer is increased to 8 m / h and local flows in the blocking layer - up to 24-48 m / h. After the washing is finished, the filter is put in operation. When water is treated at a speed of 15-60 m / h, the filtering material is compacted, as a result of which the area of local water flows into the blocking layer increases and the speed water at the entrance to the layer approaches the speed of its movement in the filter above the stove.When regeneration, the speed of movement of the spent reagent solution in the filter is 5-20 times less than during water treatment and is 310 m / h. In this case, less but a sufficient sealing of the blocking layer ensures reliable clamping of the layer of ion exchanger due to the fact that the speed of movement of local flows is higher than the speed of movement of the regeneration solution by 3-15 times. Changing the direction of water movement with the help of reflectors by 90 ° allows uniform distribution of the moving stream over the filter section and eliminates the possibility of forming sections with increased hydraulic resistance. When used for the regeneration of an ion exchanger 5-10% hydrochloric acid solution, the slab with gaps and reflectors must be made of polymeric materials. When using a 2-5% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, it is possible to use stainless steel. The use of carbon steel with anti-corrosion coating is possible for both of these cases. Thus, the introduction of the spent reagent in the upper part

blocking layer in the form of local flows, compared with the limestone method, leads to the formation of flows used to clamp the layer, with high movement rates, as a result of which it is possible to reduce

6-5

FIG.

the consumption of the spent reagent solution is 3-6 times, and, as a result, this leads to higher efficiency by reducing pump performance, saving energy, reducing the size of pipes and fittings.

  1 i. . 4f

, “-J.i

Fig2

Claims (5)

METHOD FOR IONITE REGENERATION IN A COUNTER-FLOW IONITE FILTER AND A DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. (57) 1. A method for regenerating an ion exchanger in a countercurrent ion exchanger filter, comprising loosening the ion exchanger layer and the blocking layer with wash water, supplying the reagent solution through the ion exchanger layer from the bottom up, and hydraulically clamping the blocking layer by introducing into the upper part of the spent reagent solution at a rate exceeding the speed of movement of the reagent solution, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the method, the spent reagent solution is introduced in local streams. 1 2. A device for regeneration of ion exchanger in a countercurrent ion exchange filter, comprising a housing, upper, lower and middle assembly and distribution means installed therein, a blocking layer disposed of by a middle assembly and distribution means, nozzles for supplying and discharging washing water and a reagent solution, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption, it is equipped with a plate mounted above the blocking layer with holes and reflectors attached to the plate under the holes. 3. The device for regeneration according to claim 2. characterized in that the holes in the plate are round or rectangular in shape. '' 4. Device for the regeneration of popp. 2iZ, characterized in that the reflectors are made in the form of plates, the shape of which follows the shape of the holes in the plates. 5. Device for the regeneration of popp. 2 and 4, characterized in that the plate with reflectors is made of anticorrosive material.