SK1312004A3 - Engine with magnetocaloric active regenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine with magnetocaloric active regenerant is designed for autonomous production of energy, cold, heat, water from air humidity, drying, air conditioning. The essence of the solution is a new thermodynamic cycle - magnetocaloric-liquid (M-L) cycle. It is composed of a left-handed magnetocaloric cycle and a right-handed liquid cycle. Each of these cycles exceeds the efficiency limits valid for gas and steam cycles. For this reason, the engine generates more cold than heat, while the amount of cold is the sum of the output thermal and mechanical energy. When producing water from air humidity by condensing air humidity on cold surfaces, the only source of energy is the condensation heat of air humidity and the internal energy of the air. Using the device in an area without enough energy and water will enable permanent sustainable life there.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to heat engines, refrigeration and heat devices with combined left-handed and right-handed thermal cycles intended for autonomous power engineering, cooling and freezing technologies, heat pumping, drying, condensation water production, condensation of gases, air conditioning.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Stirling engines are used with both clockwise and anti-clockwise cycles for all of the above areas. Stirling-type engines or refrigerators are constructed in many modifications, and the thermal cycle therein is mostly hybrid. Hydrogen, helium or air is used as the working medium. Regenerator consists mostly of metal sieves. The active action of regenerative material is not used in these engines. The magnetocaloric phenomenon is used only in the laboratory outside the motor cycle in test cooling devices of reversible or rotary type. Their technical design allowed to achieve approximately double COP compared to steam cycles. Rare earth alloys, manganese alloys have been used as magnetocaloric material and new materials are prepared. A gigantic magnetocaloric phenomenon was manifested in alloys of the Gd element. A smaller effect on material with a significantly lower cost is when using Mn alloys. The conversion of thermal energy into work or its transformation in the above-mentioned facilities was effective. Low temperature gradient motors are ineffective due to gas cycles.

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The essence of the invention

The above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by an embodiment of the invention in which a magnetocaloric-liquid thermal cycle (M-L cycle) is used, characterized by the use of a magnetocaloric active regenerator in a motorized regenerative cycle with a liquid medium. The regenerator is placed in a magnetic circuit with an interrupter, the interruption mechanism being coupled to the crankshaft of the engine, with phase shift so that the magnetocaloric elements of the regenerator are in full, continuous magnetic flux in the phase when the liquid flows from the cold part to the warm. The elements are selected so that their working temperature is close to the curie point, so they are heated by the magnetic field. The interrupter mechanism moves the interrupter to the position of increasing the magnetic resistance by creating gaps in the phase when the liquid medium flows from the hot part to the cold part. This results in continuous heating on one side of the regenerator and continuous cooling on the opposite side of the regenerator with simultaneous dextrorotatory cycle of the liquid medium. Because the compression heat from the compression of the liquid is small, the liquid cycle has a greater change in the upper isotherm entropy than the lower one, combining the left-handed and right-handed cycles into a single thermodynamic cycle has an effective positive effect. In addition, the use of various magnetocaloric elements cascaded with a curie temperature slightly lower than the working temperature results in the abolition of the resistive forces when the magnetic circuit is interrupted by a stronger cold rupture than a hot rupture, thereby also achieving an over-limit COP in the left-handed cycle. it more pronounced. Measurement of the magnetocaloric curve before and after the curie point only confirms this fact. The result is the generation of cold, heat and mechanical work outside the laws of gases and vapors and the 2nd thermodynamic sentence with a single balance: The amount of cold corresponds to the sum of output heat and output mechanical work including friction heat.

EXAMPLE OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Air-conditioning equipment designed to maintain a constant temperature in air-conditioned accommodation, work or public spaces produces an amount of cold in an amount of energy corresponding to the output of thermal and mechanical energy. The parameters are chosen so that the input energy covers the mechanical losses and the drive of the fans and pumps. Thus, the devices do not load the electrical system even at the time of the greatest thermal load. Similarly, in the cold season, heat production is not dependent on electricity consumption. Air conditioning of electronic equipment can also reduce the energy consumption of the equipment itself.

Another embodiment is the production of water from air humidity. Because the only energy source is the condensation heat of water vapor and air cooling, the devices serve as a source of water and electricity. Areas that suffer from a shortage of both products are the most appropriate equipment consumers. The cold part of the engine has a temperature below the dew point, heat is largely consumed for mechanical and electrical work. The device can have a selected capacity suitable for one family, producing about 1 liter of water per hour and output of about 300 W of electricity. The heat of waste is about 300 W. The product by its wide spread allows to settle otherwise uninhabitable areas or allows to civilize life in people in deteriorating climatic areas.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS A magnetocaloric active stirling-type regenerator engine with a regenerative thermal cycle in which the working medium is a liquid and the thermal cycle is arbitrary according to the piston stroke and phase transfer program through the regenerator, characterized in that the regenerator is composed of magnetocalorically active elements which are located in a magnetic circuit with an interrupter connected to the interrupter mechanism with a phase shift relative to the piston or piston stroke such that the regenerator is in the magnetic flux field during the working medium flow from the cold part to the warm part of the engine; there is a phase of flow of the medium from the warm part to the cold part. 2. An engine with a magnetocaloric active stirling type regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit breaker controls the linear reciprocating mechanism from the engine crankshaft, the shape of the blower connecting the magnetic flux lines in one extreme position through its projections and interrupting the magnetic flux lines. or weakens them in the second extreme position by their cavities. 3. An engine with a magnetocaloric active stirling-type regenerator according to item 1, characterized in that the magnetocaloric elements of the regenerator have a curie point predominantly lower than the operating temperature range of the regenerator or the respective regenerator cascade.