SI9400394A

SI9400394A - Thermostat with rod-type sensor for electric boilers, with double protecting means and low thermal inertia

Info

Publication number: SI9400394A
Application number: SI9400394A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Vasco Lorenzi
Original assignee: Lorenzi Vasco Spa
Priority date: 1994-10-24
Filing date: 1994-10-24
Publication date: 1996-04-30

Abstract

Predmet tega izuma je poseben termostat, ki poleg tega, da opravlja normalno enopolno funkcijo regulacije vklapljanja In izklapljanja grelca v električnem bojlerju v odvisnosti od temperature, skrbi za kontrolo eventualnih uhajanj temperature vode v kotlu s pomočjo kapilare (4), zavite v Spiralo na svojem končnem delu (4-e), ki vsebuje plin, olje ali tekočino z visokim koeficientom prostorninskega raztezka. Omenjeni, v kapilari (4) zaprti fluid pri raztezanju hitro deformira posebno sferično ploščico (4-b) iz konkavne v konveksno in s tem izvrši ločitev voda na dveh pomičnih ploščicah (2-a) s pomočjo nekega čepa (5). Navedena elastična deformacija (4-b) in ločitev (2-a) se dogaja praktično v odsotnosti toplotne inercije in vzpostavljanje v prejšnje stanje je, kot pri analognih sistemih, ročno.The object of the present invention is a special thermostat which in addition to performing a normal one-pole function regulation of switching on and switching off the heater in electric boiler, depending on temperature, takes care of control of possible leakage of water temperature in the boiler using a capillary (4), wrap in a Spiral on your own end part (4-e) containing gas, oil or liquid with high volume expansion coefficient. Mentioned, in the capillary (4) sealed fluid at stretching rapidly deforms a special spherical tile (4-b) from the concave into the convex, thereby dividing the lines into two sliding tiles (2-a) with the help of a pin (5). The specified elastic deformation (4-b) and separation (2-a) occurs practically in the absence of thermal inertia and restoration is as in analog systems, manually.

Description

-1LORENZI VASCO S.P.A MONTEMURLO (Fl) ITALIJA-1LORENZI VASCO S.P.A MONTEMURLO (Fl) ITALY

TERMOSTAT S PALIČASTIM TIPALOM ZA ELEKTRIČNE BOJLERJE Z DVOJNIM ZAŠČITNIM DELOVANJEM IN Z NIZKO TERMIČNO INERCIJO PRI POSREDOVANJUTHERMOSTAT THERMOSTAT DETECTOR FOR ELECTRIC BOILERS WITH DUAL PROTECTION AND LOW THERMAL INERTIA IN MEDIATION

OPISDESCRIPTION

Predmet pričujočega izuma je termostat za akumulacijske električne bojlerje z različnimi kapacitetami, ki izvaja kontrolo temperature s pomočjo najobičajnejšega paličastega tipala z dvojno palico, vzporedno in koaksialno, ki odpira in zapira kontakt enopolno na osnovi različnega raztezka zgoraj navedenih dveh palic.The subject of the present invention is a thermostat for electric storage water heaters of various capacities, which performs temperature control by means of a standard double rod rod, parallel and coaxial, which opens and closes a single pole contact based on the different elongation of the above two rods.

Navedeni termostat se bistveno razlikuje od ostalih obstoječih termostatov s paličastim tipalom, ker ima v notranjosti samega cilindričnega stebla okoli osrednje palice navito (zelo tanko) vijugasto cev, ki vsebuje neko tekočino ali nek plin z velikim raztezkom, pri čemer je ta spirala povezana z malo cilindrično komoro s prožno osnovo, ki se lahko raztegne (proti zunanji strani istega cilindra), pritiskajoč na neko konico tako, da prekine kontakte (dvopolno) z napajalnim vodom za grelec vode, ki je v bojlerju.The said thermostat differs significantly from other existing rod-type thermostats in that it has a (very thin) coiled tube containing some liquid or some high-expansion gas inside the cylindrical stem itself, with a small a cylindrical chamber with a flexible base which can be extended (towards the outside of the same cylinder), pressing on one end by breaking the contacts (two-pole) with the supply line for the water heater contained in the boiler.

Navedena vijugasta cev, z odgovarjajočim malim cilindrom, opravlja funkcijo varnostnega servomehanizma, to je, poskrbi za odklop grelca v bojlerju od napajalnega voda, ko se olje, tekočina ali plin, ki se nahaja v vijugasti cevi ali spirali, razširi po volumnu, če se pretirano segreje z vodo, ki je zelo blizu temperature vrelišča, tako da povzroči, da se konkavna prožna kovinska ploščica aktivira s tem, da obrne svojo krivino, ki pritiskajoč na neko konico prekine kontakte, preko katerih se napaja navedeni grelec.Said helical tube, with a corresponding small cylinder, performs the function of a safety servomechanism, that is, to disconnect the heater in the boiler from the supply line when the oil, liquid or gas contained in the helical tube or coil expands by volume if overheats with water very close to the boiling point, causing the concave flexible metal plate to be activated by reversing its curvature, which, by pressing a tip, breaks the contacts through which the specified heater is fed.

-2Sedaj imajo termostati s paličastim tipalom, ki so podobni temu termostatu po namenu delovanju, enopolni kontakt z normalnim delovanjem, popolnoma podobnim tu opisanemu termostatu, vendar se oboji bistveno razlikujejo po napravi, ki se nasploh imenuje dvopolna varnostna naprava.-2There are now rod-type thermostats that resemble this thermostat by function, a single-pole contact with normal operation, completely similar to the thermostat described here, but both differ significantly in a device generally called a two-pole safety device.

Dejansko tu palica ali kovinsko steblo navedenih termostatov prenaša toploto s kondukcijo proti kovinski osnovi telesa termostata, kjer je v primernem sedežu nameščena bimetalna konkavna krožna ploščica.In fact, here the rod or metal stem of said thermostats conveys heat by conduction against the metal base of the thermostat body, where a bimetallic concave circular plate is housed in a suitable seat.

V primeru, da termostat z normalnim ali enopolnim delovanjem slabo deluje in s tem povzroči nekontrolirano povišanje temperature vode v električnem bojlerju, prevaja zgoraj navedena palica toploto do bimetalne ploščice in povzroči, da se ta ploščica aktivira, t.j., obrne krivino in tako s pomočjo posebnega čepa prekine kontakte z napajalnim vodom električnega grelca. Da bi ponovno vzpostavili dvopolni kontakt, je potrebno počakati, da se palica in bimetalna ploščica ohladita in nato pritisniti konec omenjenega čepa ter ponovno vzpostaviti zvezo med vodom in grelcem izključno ročno, ob zajamčenju, da smo izvedli kontrolo vzrokov za nepravilno delovanje ali nekih drugih razlogov, ki so dovedli vodo v kotlu do vrenja.In the event that the thermostat with normal or single-pole operation is poorly functioning and thus causes an uncontrolled rise in water temperature in the electric boiler, the above-mentioned rod conveys the heat to the bimetallic tile and causes that tile to activate, ie, to turn the curve, thus by means of the plug terminates the contacts with the power line of the electric heater. In order to re-establish the two-pole contact, it is necessary to wait for the rod and the bimetallic plate to cool down, and then press the end of said plug, and to re-establish the connection between the line and the heater exclusively by hand, guaranteeing that the causes of malfunctioning or some other reasons have been checked. , which brought the boiler water to a boil.

Največja pomanjkljivost tega sistema je segrevanje konkavne bimetalne ploščice s kondukcijo od palice proti kovinski osnovi naprave. Na ta način prihaja do velikega skoka temperature med kotlom in bimetalno ploščico zaradi časa, ki je potreben za zahtevano segrevanje, kar je lastnost te metode.The biggest disadvantage of this system is the heating of the concave bimetallic tile with the conduction from the rod to the metal base of the device. In this way, a large temperature jump occurs between the boiler and the bimetallic plate due to the time required for the required heating, which is a feature of this method.

Dejansko pride pri temperaturah okoli 80 °C, ki so zahtevane, da bi prišlo do posredovanja bimetalne ploščice, v kotlu tudi do za 50 °C višjih temperatur, s čimer vstopa voda tam v parni režim, kar je proti vsaki logiki priprave tople vode za uporabo v gospodinjstvih na splošno.In fact, at temperatures around 80 ° C, which are required in order to act as a bimetallic tile, the boiler also gets up to 50 ° C higher temperatures, thus entering the water there in a vapor regime, which is against any logic of hot water preparation for household use in general.

Termostat, ki je predmet pričujočega izuma, izzove takojšnje in precizne učinke bodisi na temperaturo, bodisi na čas s tem, da je navedena vijugasta cev ali cevasta špirala, ki vsebuje olje, plin ali tekočine z visokim koeficientom prostorninskega raztezka, nameščena v neposrednem stiku z vodo, ki je v kotlu, delujoč na vzmet v obliki upognjene kovinskeThe thermostat of the present invention causes immediate and precise effects either on temperature or on time by specifying a helical tube or tubular spiral containing oil, gas or liquids with high coefficient of volume expansion, in direct contact with water in a boiler, acting on a spring in the form of a bent metal

-3ploščice (osnova omenjenega malega cilindra), ki kot bimetal izzove posredovanje za prekinjenje povezave z napajalnim vodom.-3 Tiles (base of said small cylinder), which, as bimetallic, causes an interruption to disconnect the supply line.

Na priloženih risbah prikazane oznake s številkami in črkami pomenijo naslednje:The accompanying drawings show the number and letter markings as follows:

- Ohišje ali zunanji plašč iz izolacijskega materiala, kot na primer, iz bakelita ali podobnega, ki se uporablja v elektrotehniki.- Enclosure or outer jacket of insulating material such as bakelite or the like used in electrical engineering.

- Priključne spojke žic enofaznega napajalnega voda.- Connecting wires for single-phase power lines.

2-a - Premične ploščice, povezane na 2 na enem koncu in ki imajo premične kontakte z nasprotno stranjo, se naslanjajo na ustrezne naslone na čepu za aktiviranje z dvema naslonoma 5.2-a - The movable tiles connected to 2 at one end and having movable contacts on the opposite side rest against the corresponding rests on the two-stop activation pin 5.

2-b - Ploščica, nosilec za kontakt - leva, povezana s premičnim kontaktom za normalno delovanje 3-d, ploščata kovinska vzmet s kontaktom (enopolnim).2-b - Plate, contact bracket - left connected to movable contact for 3-d normal operation, flat metal spring with contact (single pole).

2-c - Ploščica, nosilec za kontakt - desna, vod brez kontakta termostata pri normalnim delovanju.2-c - Plate, contact bracket - right, line without thermostat contact during normal operation.

2-d - Leva ploščica za povezavo s priključkom za grelec vode v kotlu.2-d - Left plate for connection to boiler water heater connector.

2- e - Desna ploščica za povezavo s priključkom za grelec, drugi zunanji deli isti kot pri 2-d.2- e - Right plate for connection to heater connector, other outer parts same as for 2-d.

- Kovinska ploščica za aktiviranje termostata za normalno in nepretrgano kontrolo.- Thermostat activation metal plate for normal and continuous control.

3- a - Čep zadnje opore za 3, iz izolacijskega materiala.3- a - Rear support pin for 3, made of insulating material.

3-b - Osrednja kovinska palica z nizkim linearnim raztezkom je po dolžini paralelna s 3-c, s katero je trdno spojena v 3-f.3-b - A central metal rod with low linear elongation is parallel in length to 3-c, with which it is firmly joined in 3-f.

3-c - Cevka ali zunanja palica ali steblo termostata, izdelana iz cevi iz kovine ali iz3-c - Thermostat tube or outer rod or stem made of metal tubes or tubes

-4zlitine, kot na primer iz medenine ali drugih z namenom, da pride do raztezanja, ki povzroči prekinjenje kontakta, nameščenega na 3-d in ki vzpostavi nepretrgano povezavo med 2-b in 2-d, kadar je to zahtevano z ozirom na temperaturo vode v kotlu.-4 alloys, such as brass or other, with a view to elongation resulting in the termination of the 3-d contact and which establishes a continuous connection between 2-b and 2-d when required by temperature water in the boiler.

3-d - Ploščica s kontaktom na konici ali glavi, ki se aktivira zaradi prožnosti ali z vzmetjo konice 3-e na 3.3-d - Plate with contact on tip or head, activated for flexibility or with spring of tip 3 to 3.

3-e - Konica iz izolacijskega materiala potisne 3-d, da vzpostavi (ali ne) stik za napajanje 2-d.3-e - The tip of the insulating material pushes the 3-d to establish (or not) the 2-d power supply contact.

3-f - Konec 3-c trdno pritrjen na palico 3-b.3-f - End of 3-c fastened firmly to stick 3-b.

3- g - Gumb z vijakom za regulacijo tlaka, ki ga 3 izvaja na svojo lastno vzmet.3- g - Button with 3 pressure regulator screw on its own spring.

- Cevka ali kapilara iz bakra, ali kovine ali zlitine z dobro prevodnostjo, ki je zaprta na enem koncu, povezana s 4-a na eni strani in zavita v špiralo na drugem koncu, kot je poenostavljeno prikazano pri 4-e, ki v svoji notranjosti vsebuje neko olje, tekočino ali plin z visokim koeficientom prostorninskega raztezka.- A tube or capillary of copper, or a metal or alloy with good conductivity, closed at one end, connected by 4-a on one side and wrapped in a spiral at the other end, as simplified shown in 4, which in its the interior contains some oil, liquid or gas with a high volume expansion coefficient.

4- a - Cilindrična posoda, kot zračna komora, povezana s tekočino za raztezanje v 4 s pomočjo 4-d ali 4-c, ki nosi zgornjo osnovo v obliki plošče podobne kroglasti kaloti 4-b iz prožnega materiala, ki lahko prevzame nasprotno krivino zaradi povečanja volumna in s tem tlaka v notranjosti cevke 4 in 4-e.4- a - A cylindrical receptacle, like an air chamber, connected to a 4-by-4 or 4-c expansion fluid by a plate-like base 4-b in the form of a flexible material that can take the opposite curve due to the increase in volume and thus the pressure inside the tubes 4 and 4.

4-b - Plošča v obliki kroglaste kalote iz prožne snovi, ki lahko preide iz konkavne krivine v konveksno (glede na zunanji izgled) zaradi tlaka in zaradi povečanja volumna v notranjosti 4 in 4-e.4-b - A ball-shaped plate made of flexible material that can pass from a concave curve to a convex one (in terms of appearance) due to pressure and due to the increase in volume inside the 4 and 4 e.

4-c - Priključek kapilare ali cevke 4 na sredino malega cilindra 4-a.4-c - Connection of a capillary or tube 4 to the middle of a small cylinder 4-c.

4-d - Priključek kapilare ali cevke 4 radialno na 4-a.4-d - Connection of capillary or tube 4 radially to 4-a.

- Čep za izklop ploščic 2-a in odgovarjajočih kontaktov dvopolnega varnostnega- Plug for disconnecting the 2-tile and the corresponding contacts of the two-pole safety

-5termostata se premakne s 4-b takrat, ko se plošča deformira in prevzame že omenjeno konveksno krivino.The -5 thermostat moves by 4-b when the plate deforms and assumes the aforementioned convex curve.

- Notranje telo iz izolacijskega materiala, kot na primer bakelita, nosi različne kontakte, tanke kovinske ploščice, vzmeti in priključke.- An internal body made of insulating material, such as bakelite, bears various contacts, thin metal plates, springs and fittings.

- Kovinska osnova, trdno spojena s 3-c tvori spodnji, to je, proti kotlu obrnjeni sestavni del telesa termostata. V glavnem je izdelana iz aluminija ali lahke zlitine.- The metal base, firmly connected by 3-c, forms the lower, that is, the thermostat body component facing the boiler. It is mainly made of aluminum or light alloy.

Risba št. 1 prikazuje nek vzdolžni presek notranjosti termostata s paličastim tipalom, ki je predmet pričujočega izuma. V sredini je prikazana palica 3-b, povezana s cevko 3-c v 3-f na trden način.Drawing no. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-section of the inside of a thermostat with a rod sensor, which is the subject of the present invention. In the middle, a 3-b bar connected to a 3-c in 3-f tube is shown in a solid manner.

Cevko 3-c se namesti v odgovarjajoč plašč iz snovi, ki je dober toplotni prevodnik, ki se nahaja v notranjosti kotla električnega bojlerja; 3-c se, glede na to, da je praktično v stiku s toplo vodo, razteza drugače kot osrednja palica 3-b in na ta način povzroča oscilatorno gibanje ploščice 3, ki je nameščena v ravnotežju med 3-a in vzmetjo stisnjeno pod isto ploščico 3.The 3-c pipe is fitted into the corresponding material jacket, which is a good thermal conductor located inside the boiler of the electric boiler; 3-c, since it is practically in contact with hot water, extends differently from the central rod 3-b, thus causing the oscillatory motion of the plate 3, which is positioned in equilibrium between the 3-a and the spring compressed under the same tile 3.

Relativni premiki med 3-b in 3-c vzpostavljajo ali prekinjajo kontakt 3-d s ploščico 2-d, omogočajoč vklop ali prekinitev toka do grelca, kar lahko vidimo na risbi št. 2, ki prikazuje tloris termostata brez pokrova.Relative displacements between 3-b and 3-c make or break the 3-d contact with the 2-d plate, allowing the current to be switched on or interrupted to the heater, which can be seen in drawing no. 2 showing the floor plan of the thermostat without cover.

Vse do sedaj napisano se nanaša na normalno delovanje, t.j., na delovanje enopolnih termostatov in je na splošno enako termostatom s paličastim tipalom, ki so prisotni na tržišču.Everything written so far refers to normal operation, i.e., the operation of single-pole thermostats and is generally identical to the rod-type thermostats present on the market.

Del, ki prikazuje bistvene razlike med običajnimi termostati in termostatom, ki je predmet tega poročila, je prikazan s številko 4 in različnimi črkami.The section showing the essential differences between conventional thermostats and the thermostat that is the subject of this report is shown in number 4 and in different letters.

Dejansko prikazuje risba št. 1 kovinsko kapilaro 4, katere končni del je zavit v špiralo 4-e, nameščeno v notranjosti 3-c v toplem predelu kotla v bojlerju, ki ga je treba kontrolirati: ta kapilarna cevka 4 je hermetično zaprta in vsebuje olje, plin aii tekočino z visokimIn fact, drawing no. 1 metal capillary 4, the end portion of which is wrapped in a helix 4, located inside 3-c in the warm area of the boiler in the boiler to be controlled: this capillary tube 4 is hermetically sealed and contains oil, gas, or high liquid

-6koeficientom prostorninskega raztezka.-6coefficient of volume expansion.

Na koncu nasprotnem 4-e na 4 se nahaja mali cilinder 4-a z osnovo 4-b v obliki sferične kalote iz prožne kovine, ki se pri raztezanju fluida v notranjosti 4 deformira s tem, da se napihne in zaobrne svojo krivino iz konkavne v konveksno, kot smo to že večkrat opisali. Omenjena deformacija ostane, dokler po ohladitvi tekočine znotraj 4, ročno ne pritisnemoAt the end of opposite 4-by-4 is a small 4-az cylinder 4-b in the form of a spherical calotte made of flexible metal, which deforms when stretching the fluid inside 4 by inflating and turning its curve from concave to convex, as we have described it many times before. Said deformation remains until manually pressed after cooling the liquid within 4

4-b proti notranjosti 4-a malega cilindra s 5.4-b towards the inside of the 4-small cylinder by 5.

Navedena elastična deformacija krivine 4-b povzroči dviganje čepa 5, na katerem sta naslonjeni 2 prevodni ploščici 2-a, medsebojno očitno ločeni in na ta način izvajata odpiranje kontaktov med 2-a in 2-b in med 2-a in 2-c, t.j., dvopolno ločitev od voda za grelec, povezanega z 2-d in 2-e.Said elastic deformation of curve 4-b causes the plug 5 to be lifted, on which the 2 conductive plates 2-a are supported, clearly separated from each other, thus opening contacts between 2-a and 2-b and between 2-a and 2-c , ie, a two-pole separation from the 2-d and 2-e heater lines.

Ta ločitev, ki se v žargonu imenuje varnostna, se izvrši, ko je temperatura vode v kotlu bojlerja blizu vrelišča ali nekaj višja, kot to predpisujejo nacionalne in mednarodne norme. Glede na to, da vzpostavljanje v prejšnje stanje opravimo ročno s 5, se pojavi potreba po preverjanju vzrokov za eventualno uhajanje temperature v napravi in po popravilu eventualnih okvar, ker moramo odpreti kaloto ali zaščitne pokrovčke, pri čemer prisilno izoliramo za čas pregleda in vzpostavljanja v prejšnje stanje tudi napravo.This separation, called safety in the jargon, is made when the water temperature in the boiler is near the boiling point or slightly higher than required by national and international norms. Given that manual restoration is done manually with 5, there is a need to check the causes of possible leakage of the device and after repairing any defects, since it is necessary to open the calotte or protective caps, forcibly isolating it during inspection and restoration. previous state also device.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1) A thermostat with a rod sensor for dual boilers with low thermal inertia when mediated, which, in addition to performing the normal function of regulating the water temperature in the boiler of an electric boiler, prevents temperature rises above the permitted limits, that it prevents temperature rises beyond the limit values by means of a small cylinder (4-a) with a flexible plate (4-b) that can deform from concave to convex, in an almost constant manner when fluid, oil, gas or liquid , with high volume expansion coefficient located in the same (4-a) and (4-e), increasing volume, reverses bending (4-b), pressing pin (5), able to separate the contacts of the tiles (2-a ) connected to the supply line from the ends of the heater (2-b) and (2-e) and with a little thermal inertia, given that (4-e) is specifically immersed in the hot water to be controlled .

2) A thermostat with a rod sensor for double-acting boilers with low thermal inertia, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it has a tubular cylindrical stem (3-c) containing a rod (3- in the middle) b), with a fixed length, to achieve the difference in extension between (3-c) and (3-b) necessary for the proper functioning of the said thermostat.

3) A thermostat with a rod sensor for double-acting boilers with low thermal inertia, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the helical tube or coil (4-e) is wrapped around (3-b) made by a tube or capillary (4), usually of copper or metallic material with good thermal conductivity, containing a hermetically sealed oil, some gas or some fluid with a high coefficient of volume expansion to deform the plate (4-b) itself closed circuit component.

4) A thermostat with a rod sensor for dual boilers with low thermal inertia when forwarded according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a small cylinder (4-a) connected via (4-c) or (4) -d) s (4) and s (4-e), which in practice realizes a push element for the plug (5) with the help of a flexible plate (4-b), when it is from a concave

-8 assumes the convex shape, or practically reverses its original shape by increasing the volume at the increase of the temperature of the oil, gas or liquid contained in the closed circuit (4-a), (4) and (4-e) in contact with water in the boiler some water heater.

5) Thermostat with a rod sensor for double boilers with low thermal inertia, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a spiral or coiled tube (4) mounted in the boiler of a boiler using a rod stem or tubes (3-c) made of metallic material, which is a good thermal conductor containing oil, gas or liquid, which is easily thermally stretched, thereby reducing distances between the hot zone and the mediation zone when the power line is switched off boiler water heater.

6) A thermostat with a rod sensor for double-acting boilers with low thermal inertia, in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a plug (5) with two backing planes (2-a) capable of to move them, pushed by (4-b) and cut off the supply line with two quick connectors (2-d) and (2-e) to which the ends of the heater are connected to heat the water in the boiler boiler.