SI9200220A - Fireproof material, process for their production and their use - Google Patents

Abstract

A flame-resistant material comprising: - an elastomer in the form of a solid or liquid matrix which comprises a single elastomer or a mixture of elastomers, preferably in the thermal decomposition of nontoxic elastomers selected from saturated or unsaturated hydroxides, preferably without a benzene ring, such as natural, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, isobutylene or butyl-ethylene-propylene elastomers, - inorganic fillers selected from the metals of main group I, II and III of the Periodic Table, in the form of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulphates, borates, hydrates or silicates, or from mixtures thereof, - optionally vermiculite and, if necessary, vulcanising agents, sovents and additives for adjusting the viscosity and consistency; Process for the production thereof, and the use thereof, in particular for flame-resistant partition walls, for example in building, mining, in petrochemistry, in shipbuilding and in the production of land vehicles and aircraft.

Description

1. SAVA Kranj, industry of rubber, leather and chemical products p.o.

2. INSULATION insulation materials industry Ljubljana p.o.

FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIAL,

PROCEDURE FOR ITS MANUFACTURING AND ITS USE

The present invention relates to a new, refractory material, to a process for its production and to its use, e.g. in the construction, mining, shipbuilding and vehicle industries, where fire-resistant materials / barriers must be installed in accordance with legal regulations and standards, which in the event of a fire localize it and prevent its spread.

There was a need for a new flame retardant material that could be easily handled, installed, adapted and transformed, which would be non-toxic, anti-corrosive and water-insoluble, water-insoluble, durable and durable in normal use and fire. fire efficiency.

Despite many existing solutions, they are in many cases demanding and complicated, often even barely satisfactory.

So e.g. firewall characteristics are prescribed by many international and national standards.

The following are the most binding for the SFRY: DIN 4102, ISO 1182, JUS U.J5.715. The quality of fire retardant barriers is evaluated by their resistance to flame at a certain temperature in excess of 1000 ° C, with fire barrier durability being expressed in minutes, and their thermal insulation, which prevents the transfer of heat energy from the flame to a protected surface, which is often also load-bearing. .

Generally, refractory systems consist of natural mineral vermiculite, which is chemically hydrated silicate of aluminum, iron and magnesium, and certain binders. They are known e.g. the following:

- mineral wool inorganic thermal insulation boards and binders, such as phenoplasts; eg TERVOL, manufacturer of TERMIK (reg. trade mark), Škofja Loka;

- inorganic vermiculite - cement - lime mortar mixtures, miscible with water to the desired viscosity and applied in various ways, depending on their viscosity and application devices;

eg: Verpas (Reg. Trademark), manufactured by STANDARD OPERATIVA, Ljubljana;

- non-combustible rigid vermiculite sheets and suitable binders; plates are processed according to the technology of woodworking processes:

eg: BREST NEGOR (Reg. Trademark), manufacturer BREST, Cerknica;

- porous inorganic rigid sheets or blocks based on hydrothermal treatment of silicon and calcium oxide and treated as lightweight silicate brick;

eg: APLAM (Reg. Trademark), Manufacturer SALONIT ANHOVO, Anhovo;

- Liquid and paste based materials of inorganic fillers and water-dispersible binders, which are mixed in different ways, depending on their viscosity and application devices; eg: PLAMMAL (Reg. Trademark), manufacturer ADING, Skopje;

- Liquid materials based on inorganic fillers and organic binders, which are applied as paints or coatings;

eg: PIROSTOP (Reg. Trademark), by CHROMOS-KATRAN

KUTRILIN, Zagreb.

Most of these materials are characterized by swelling during heat stroke, thus creating a protective barrier that prevents the flame from directly transferring thermal energy to the substrate. However, at critical moments, their fire resistance and protection are questionable, because different temperature expansion coefficients of the materials lead to the decision of the barrier against the load barrier and thus to the destruction of the protective role of the fire barrier.

The critical evaluation of existing fire retardant solutions clearly shows that there is a need for new, technically and functionally better and more successful solutions.

We have found that the above technical problems are solved with a new, refractory material according to the present invention, consisting of an elastomeric matrix containing dual role inorganic fillers:

- make the elastomy matrix non-combustible and

- allow the material to transition to high-temperature in the course of thermal degradation of the elastomeme matrix, i.e. ceramic structure.

The fire retardant material of the present invention consists of:

- 100 parts by weight of elastomers in the form of a solid or liquid matrix formed by a single or a mixture of elastomers, preferably by thermal decomposition of non-toxic elastomers selected from saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, preferably without benzene rings, such as natural (NR), polyisoprene ( IR), polybutadiene (BR), isobutylene or butyl (IIR), ethylene-propylene (EPDM or EPM) elastomers,

- 100 to 1000 parts by weight of inorganic fillers selected from 30 to 300 parts by weight of metals of the first group of the periodic system, 0 to 100 parts by weight of metals II. major groups of the periodic system and 50 to 500 parts by weight of metals III. main groups of the periodic system, in the form of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulphates, borates, hydrates or silicates, or mixtures thereof, _ and in the case of vermiculite granularity 0,01 to 10 mm, in a ratio of 100 wt. parts (elastomer + inorganic filler): 5-500 parts by weight of vermiculite, and if necessary crosslinking / vulcanizing agents, solvents and additives for regulating viscosity and consistency.

The NR, IR, BR, IIR, EPDM and EPM codes are standard international abbreviations for materials that are precisely defined before these abbreviations and conform to ISO 1629 Rubber Nomenclature.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process for the preparation of new, refractory, material which is produced in such a way that:

in 100 parts by weight of elastomers in the form of a solid or liquid matrix formed by a single or a mixture of a mixture of elastomers, preferably by thermal decomposition of non-toxic elastomers selected from saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, preferably without benzene rings, such as natural (NR), polyisoprene (IR), polybutadiene (BR), isobutylene or butyl (UR), ethylene-propylene (EPDM or EPM) elastomers, agitated by the rubber technique of mixing 100 to 1000 parts by weight of inorganic fillers selected from 30 to 300 parts by weight of metals I main groups of the periodic system, 0 to 100 parts by weight of metals II. major groups of the periodic system and 50 to 500 parts by weight of metals III. main groups of the periodic system, in the form of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulphates, borates, hydrates or silicates, or mixtures thereof, and, if appropriate, vermiculite granules of 0.01 to 10 mm, in a ratio of 100% by weight. parts (elastomer + inorganic filler): 5-500 parts by weight of vermiculite, and then, if necessary, crosslinking / vulcanizing agents, solvents and viscosity and consistency control additives.

Compared to existing materials and systems, the material of the invention has the following advantages:

it is easy to design and adjust, it is easy to attach and apply to substrates, it is non-toxic or non-toxic in case of fire, it is insensitive to moisture and it is insoluble, with the same fire resistance, with the exception of PIROSTOP, which however, only effective for up to 30 minutes, significantly smaller thicknesses are needed (Table 1), which saves space.

TABLE 1

Comparison of the fire resistance of the material of the invention with existing marketable products

Fire resistance The name of the material (min) or system

Required thickness (mm)

PIROSTOP 1

VERPAS 10

PLAMAL-30 50

BREST NEGOR

APLAM 45

TERVOL-PVT 75

ELASTOMERIC MATERIAL 6 according to the invention (Example 1)

The present invention is explained by the following embodiments.

EXAMPLES

To the 100 parts by weight of natural rubber (NR), 300 parts by weight of an alkali-alumosilicate mixture were added, which was mixed into an elastomy mixture on a two-roller, which was then dragged into a 6 mm thick plate. The flame retardant elastomeric board was glued to the cleaned iron plate with a two-component elastomeric polychloropenic adhesive, so that both surfaces were coated with glue and then jointed together. The flame retardant elastomeric side was exposed to the gas burner flame. After a half-hour heat load, more than half of the elastomer mixture remained unchanged and the metal substrate temperature did not exceed 300 ° C.

EXAMPLE 2

The flame retardant elastomy plate according to Example 1 was duplicated with a 1 mm thick polyethylene film in the composite by preheating the elastomy plate with hot air and then gluing the thermoplastic polyethylene film to the elastomy plate. The composite was exposed to the flame of a gas burner. Within two minutes, the PE film was burned off, and then the elastomeric plate assumed a fire-resistant role as in Example 1.

EXAMPLE 3

The flame retardant elastomer kit was manufactured by adding 200 parts by weight of a mixture of alkali-alumosilicate fillers and ground vermiculite in a size from 0.1 to 2 mm per 100 parts by weight of liquid elastomer. With the elastomer kit thus made, the joint was filled, which was then exposed to the gas flame. The kit retained gas tightness even after a half-hour heat load.

EXAMPLE 4

The refractory elastomer coating was made by diluting the elastomer mixture according to Example 1 with gasoline and adding a ground vermiculite of 0.1 to 1.0 mm in size to the resulting mixture to give a coating of suitable consistency, which was then troweled. applied to a steel bar 14 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length. After drying for one day, the fire resistance test was carried out by loading the rod with 100 N / mm2 at a distance of 400 mm from the joint and, using the coating of the invention, heated the flame with a flame within 200 mm of the joint. The unprotected rod curved after 2.5 minutes, and the elastomem coating protected the elastic properties even after half an hour of fire load.

For

1. SAVA Kranj, industry of rubber, leather and chemical products p.o.

2. INSULATION insulation materials industry Ljubljana p.o .:

FATEMTNA PISARHA

LJUBLJANA

Claims (3)

1. Refractory material, characterized in that it consists of: 100 parts by weight of an elastomer in the form of a solid or liquid matrix formed by a single or a mixture of elastomers, preferably by thermal decomposition of non-toxic elastomers selected from saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, preferably without benzene rings, such as natural, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, isobutylene, isobutylene or isobutylene butyl, ethylene-propylene elastomers, 100 to 1000 parts by weight of inorganic fillers selected from 30 to 300 parts by weight of metals of the first group of the periodic system, 0 to 100 parts by weight of metals II. major groups of the periodic system and 50 to 500 parts by weight of metals III. main groups of the periodic system, in the form of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulphates, borates, hydrates or silicates, or mixtures thereof, and in the case of vermiculite of a grain size of 0,01 to 10 mm, in a ratio of 100% by weight. parts (elastomer + inorganic filler): 5-500 parts by weight of vermiculite, and if necessary crosslinking / vulcanizing agents, solvents and additives for regulating viscosity and consistency. 2. A process for the preparation of a refractory material, characterized in that: in 100 parts by weight of an elastomer in the form of a solid or liquid matrix formed by a single or a mixture of a mixture of elastomers, preferably in the thermal decomposition of non-toxic elastomers selected from saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, preferably without benzene rings, such as natural, polyisoprene, polybutadiene isobutylene or butyl, ethylene-propylene elastomers, are agitated by the rubber mixing technique of 100 to 1000 parts by weight of inorganic fillers selected from 30 to 300 parts by weight of metals of the first group of the periodic system, 0 to 100 parts by weight of metals II. major groups of the periodic system and 50 to 500 parts by weight of metals III. main groups of the periodic system, in the form of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulphates, borates, hydrates or silicates, or mixtures thereof, and, if appropriate, vermiculite of a capacity of 0,01 to 10 mm, in a ratio of 100% by weight. parts (elastomer + inorganic filler): 5-500 parts by weight of vermiculite, and then, if necessary, crosslinking / vulcanizing agents, solvents and viscosity and consistency control additives. Use of the material of claim 1 for fire barriers, in particular in the construction, mining, petrochemical, shipbuilding, land and air vehicle industries.