SI25513A

SI25513A - Telescopic arm for forestry lift

Info

Publication number: SI25513A
Application number: SI201700259A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Franc PiĹˇek
Original assignee: PIĹ EK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o.
Priority date: 2017-09-15
Filing date: 2017-09-15
Publication date: 2019-03-29
Also published as: HRP20201434T1; HUE052060T2; EP3456679A1; SI3456679T1; PL3456679T3; RS60797B1; EP3456679B1

Abstract

Izum sodi v področje proizvodnih postopkov in transporta, natančneje na zgibno roko dvigala skupaj s hidravličnim cilindrom, cevovodi in priključki v roki gozdarskega 5 dvigala. Teleskopska roka za gozdarsko dvigalo s sistemom notranjega vodenja gibkih hidravličnih cevi zunanjih porabnikov je zasnovana tako, da je v vzdolžni osi teleskopske roke nameščen hidravlični cilinder, ki ima na ohišju valja večja vodilna 10 kolesa za gibke cevi. Veriga je nameščena nad cilinder preko verižnika, ki je na ločeni osi kot so vodilna kolesa.The invention belongs to the field of production processes and transport, more precisely to the articulated arm of the lift, together with the hydraulic cylinder, pipelines and connections in the hand of the forestry 5 lift. The telescopic arm for a forestry lift with the internal control system of the flexible hydraulic tubes of the external consumers is designed in such a way that a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the longitudinal axis of the telescopic arm, which has a leading guide for 10 flexible hoses on the cylinder housing. The chain is positioned above the cylinder via a sprocket, which is on a separate axis such as guiding wheels.

Description

Teleskopska roka za gozdarsko dvigalo Področje tehnikeTelescopic arm for a forest crane. Technology field

Izum sodi v področje proizvodnih postopkov in transporta, natančneje se izum nanaša na zgibno roko dvigala skupaj s hidravličnim cilindrom, cevovodi in priključki v roki gozdarskega dvigala.The invention belongs to the field of production processes and transport, more specifically, the invention relates to the articulated arm of the lift, together with the hydraulic cylinder, pipelines and connections in the hand of a forest crane.

Tehnični problemTechnical problem

Tehnični problem, ki ga pričujoči izum rešuje, je konstrukcijska rešitev mehanizma teleskopske roke za gozdarsko dvigalo, ki bo imel poleg hidravličnega cilindra tudi gibke cevi za hidravlično upravljanje grabeža znotraj ohišja teleskopske roke. Pri konstrukcijski zasnovi teleskopske roke je potrebno upoštevati možnost zunanjih poškodb gibkih hidravličnih cevi pri delu ter izgled samega dvigala. Prostorska omejitev v ohišju teleskopske roke nastane zaradi treh podsestavov, ki so hidravlični cilinder kot pogon sistema teleskopskih rok, verižni prenosi po sistemu škripcev za pogon srednje in notranje roke teleskopa in sistem vodenja cevi zunanjih porabnikov. Število zunanjih porabnikov in potrebni pretoki, ki določajo število cevi in njihov presek je zopet volumski problem, kako vse potrebne elemente razporediti na način, da ne ovirajo gibanja in ne drgnejo drug ob drugega. Radij krivljenja gibke cevi med delovanjem ključno vpliva na življenjsko dobo cevi, kontakt med kolesi vodenja cevi in oplaščenja cevi povzroča napetosti v oplaščenju, kar v primeru neugodne izvedbe povzroči razslojevanje cevi, posledično puščanje in okvare. Pri konstrukcijski zasnovi razporeditve podsistemov teleskopske roke je potrebno predvideti tudi dostop do posameznih delov v primeru servisiranja dvigala.The technical problem solved by the present invention is the structural solution of the telescopic arm mechanism for the forest crane, which will have, in addition to the hydraulic cylinder, flexible tubes for hydraulic control of grabbing inside the body of the telescopic arm. The design of the telescopic arm must take into account the possibility of external damage to the flexible hydraulic lines at work and the appearance of the lift itself. The space constraint in the body of the telescopic arm is due to three sub-assemblies, which are a hydraulic cylinder as a telescopic arm system, chain conveyances according to the system of pulleys for the operation of the central and internal arm of the telescope, and the pipe management system of the external consumers. The number of external consumers and the necessary flows that determine the number of pipes and their cross-section is again a volumetric problem in how to distribute all the necessary elements in a way that does not hinder the movement and do not shake each other. The radius of the bending of the flexible hose during operation has a crucial effect on the life of the pipe, the contact between the pipe control tubes and the coating of the pipe causes tension in the sheathing, which in case of unfavorable performance causes the pipe to stagnate, resulting in leakage and damage. In the construction design of the distribution of telescopic arm subsystems, it is also necessary to provide access to individual parts in case of servicing the lift.

Cilj tega izuma je takšna konstrukcijska razporeditev vseh dinamičnih in statičnih elementov teleskopske roke, da omogoča vgradnjo čim večjih kolutov za vodenje gibkih hidravličnih cev, s čemer se podaljša življenjska doba cevi.The object of this invention is to construct such a structural arrangement of all dynamic and static elements of the telescopic arm so as to enable the installation of as large discs as possible to guide the flexible hydraulic hoses, thereby extending the lifetime of the pipe.

Znano stanje tehnike V evropskem patentu št. 2135836 je skupaj s patentom EP 1842823 B1 opisana rešitev teleskopske roke z rešitvijo namestitve hidravličnega cilindra v notranjost ohišja teleskopske roke s poudarkom na montažnem bloku in drsnemu ležaju oz. čevlju.A known state of the art In European patent no. 2135836, together with EP 1842823 B1, describes a telescopic arm solution with a solution for mounting the hydraulic cylinder inside the telescopic arm housing with an emphasis on the mounting block and the sliding bearing, shoe.

Nekateri proizvajalci pri večjih dvigalih uporabijo večji cilinder in večje cevi ter mogoče tudi več cevi, na primer tri pare, kar vodi v preveliko povečanje širine kolesa in gabaritov teleskopa, zaradi česar so potem teleskopske roke dvigala ne-kompaktne in pretežke. V takem primeru nekateri uporabijo več manjših koles razporejenih v polkrog kjer lahko izkoristijo še zračnost, ki je med batnico in kolesi za gibke cevi. S tem se pojavi problem lomljenja cevi v več manjših radijih in povečanega kontaktnega tlaka v oplaščenju cevi ob kolesu. Druga rešitev je uporaba nekoliko manjših koles, ki se jih še lahko postavi ob batnico in nato obračanje gibkih cevi iz medsebojne horizontalne postavitve v vertikalno.Some manufacturers use large cylinders and larger tubes for larger lifts, and possibly several tubes, for example three pairs, leading to an excessive increase in the wheel width and dimensions of the telescope, which makes the telescopic arms lift non-compact and overweight. In this case, some use several smaller wheels arranged in a semicircle where they can take advantage of the play that is between the piston rod and the hoses for flexible hoses. This causes the problem of pipe breaking in several smaller radii and an increased contact pressure in the coating of the tube near the wheel. Another solution is the use of a few smaller wheels, which can still be placed around the piston and then turning the flexible hoses from the horizontal horizontal layout to the vertical.

Rešitev po izumu se od znanih razlikuje po tem, da so v notranjost teleskopske roke dvigala vgrajena velika kolesa za gibke hidravlične cevi.The solution according to the invention differs from the known ones by the fact that large hydraulic hoses for flexible hydraulic hoses are incorporated inside the telescopic arm of the lift.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problemaDescription of the solution of the technical problem

Teleskopska roka za gozdarsko dvigalo s sistemom notranjega vodenja gibkih hidravličnih cevi zunanjih porabnikov je zasnovana tako, da je v vzdolžni osi teleskopske roke nameščen hidravlični cilinder, ki ima na ohišju valja večja vodilna kolesa za gibke cevi. Veriga je nameščena nad cilinder preko verižnika, ki je na ločeni osi kot so vodilna kolesa.The telescopic arm for a forest crane with a system of internal control of flexible hydraulic tubes of external consumers is designed in such a way that a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the longitudinal axis of the telescopic arm, which has larger guide wheels for flexible hoses on the cylinder body. The chain is positioned above the cylinder via a sprocket, which is on a separate axis such as guiding wheels.

Teleskopska roka za gozdarsko dvigalo s sistemom notranjega vodenja gibkih hidravličnih cevi zunanjih porabnikov po izumu bo v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisana s pomočjo slik, ki prikazujejo:The telescopic arm for a forest crane with a system of internal control of the flexible hydraulic tubes of the external consumers according to the invention will be described in greater detail hereafter by means of illustrations showing:

Slika 1 teleskopsko roko po izumuFigure 1 is a telescopic arm according to the invention

Slika 2 prerez teleskopske rokeFigure 2 is a cross-section of the telescopic arm

Slika 3 prerez popolnoma iztegnjenega stanja teleskopske roke Slika 4 prerez teleskopske rokeFigure 3 is a section of the fully extended telescopic arm position Fig. 4 The cross-section of the telescopic arm

Slika 5 prečni prerez teleskopske rokeFigure 5 is a cross-section of the telescopic arm

Osnovni princip delovanja dvojne teleskopske roke je znan in je uporabljen pri vseh sorodnih izdelkih na trgu. Torej je kinematika delovanja dvojnega teleskopa kot mehanizma znana, pomembno pa je delovanje sistema notranjega vodenja cevi, ki morajo slediti delovanju teleskopske roke in razporeditev dinamičnih in statičnih elementov znotraj ohišja teleskopske roke. V teleskopski roki gozdarskega dvigala sistem cevi znotraj roke ne služi delovanju teleskopske roke, temveč pogonu zunanjih porabnikov na koncu, v tem primeru vsaj dveh, kar zahteva štiri cevi, in sicer za dva tlačna in dva povratna voda. Za delovanje celotne teleskopske roke je uporabljen hidravlični cilinder znotraj, ki omogoča spreminjanje dolžine teleskopske roke. Za dodatne funkcije porabnikov je možno vgraditi več kot štiri gibke hidravlične cevi. V ohišje 1a zunanje roke 1 gozdarskega dvigala je nameščena srednja teleskopska roka 2 in v njej notranja teleskopska roka 3. V vzdolžno os zunanje roke 1 je nameščen hidravlični cilinder 4 z batnico 42 (glej sliko 2). Poleg vertikalne osi kolesa 5 je nameščen škripec 6, preko katerega je napeljana veriga 6a, ki zgoraj teče med ohišjem 1a in srednjo teleskopsko roko 2.The basic principle of the operation of the double telescopic arm is known and used in all related products on the market. Therefore, the kinematics of the operation of the dual telescope as a mechanism is known, but it is important to operate the internal pipe management system, which must follow the operation of the telescopic arm and the distribution of dynamic and static elements inside the telescopic arm housing. In the telescopic arm of a forest crane, the pipe system within the arm does not serve the operation of the telescopic arm, but the drive of the external consumers at the end, in this case at least two, which requires four pipes for two pressure and two return lines. For operation of the entire telescopic arm, a hydraulic cylinder is used inside, which allows the length of the telescopic arm to be changed. More than four flexible hydraulic hoses can be installed for additional consumer functions. The central telescopic arm 2 and the inner telescopic arm 3 are mounted in the casing 1a of the outer arm 1 of the forest crane. A hydraulic cylinder 4 with a piston 42 is mounted in the longitudinal axis of the outer arm 1 (see Figure 2). In addition to the vertical axis of the wheel 5, there is a pulley 6 through which a chain 6a is arranged, which extends above the housing 1a and the central telescopic arm 2.

Nastavka 43a in 43b, med katera je pritrjen hidravlični cilinder 4, sta preko vijakov 9a in 9b pritrjena na srednjo teleskopsko roko 2. Na cilinder 4 sta na vsaki strani nameščeni kolesi 5a in 5b. Okoli kolesa 5a sta nameščeni gibki cevi 8a in 8b v prostor med zunanjo roko 1 in srednjo teleskopsko roko 2. Okoli kolesa 5b sta nameščeni gibki cevi 8c in 8d v prostor med zunanjo roko 1 in srednjo teleskopsko roko 2. Ker je zunanja roka 1 nepomična, se srednja teleskopska roka 2 premika z isto hitrostjo kot notranja teleskopska roka 3 napram teleskopski roki 2 zaradi načina vpetja verig 6a in 7a.The attachments 43a and 43b, between which the hydraulic cylinder 4 is attached, are attached to the central telescopic arm 2 via the screws 9a and 9b. On the cylinder 4, the wheels 5a and 5b are mounted on each side. Around the wheel 5a, the hoses 8a and 8b are positioned in the space between the outer arm 1 and the middle telescopic arm 2. Around the wheel 5b, the hoses 8c and 8d are placed in the space between the outer arm 1 and the middle telescopic arm 2. Since the outer arm 1 is stationary , the medium telescopic arm 2 moves at the same speed as the internal telescopic arm 3 against the telescopic arm 2 due to the method of clamping the chains 6a and 7a.

Premer kolesa 5a in premer kolesa 5b je enako velik kot dolžina najkrajše notranje stranice notranje teleskopske roke 3 ali manjši.The diameter of the wheel 5a and the diameter of the wheel 5b is the same as the length of the shortest inner face of the inner telescopic arm 3 or smaller.

Zaradi maksimalno velikega premera koles 5a in 5b je namestitev gibkih hidravličnih cevi 8a, 8b, 8c in 8d optimalna, saj je obremenitev in obraba plaščev teh cevi minimalna. V tem sistemu se dolžina gibkih cevi 8a, 8b, 8c in 8d ohranja, saj se cevi 8a, 8b ter 8c, 8d se prepogibajo prek velikega kolesa 5a ter 5b na dolžini hoda batnice 42 cilindra 4 (glej sliko 5).Due to the maximum diameter of the wheels 5a and 5b, the installation of the flexible hydraulic tubes 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d is optimal since the load and wear of the tires of these pipes is minimal. In this system, the length of the flexible tubes 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d is maintained, since the tubes 8a, 8b and 8c, 8d are folded over the large wheel 5a and 5b on the length of the piston stroke 42 of the cylinder 4 (see Figure 5).

Zunanja roka 1 ima vpenjalni element, kamor je vpet začetek verige 7a, ki je napeljana preko škripca 7 in je vpeta na notranjo teleskopsko roko 3 (glej sliki 1 in 2). Veriga 7a v primeru, da je batnica 42 cilindra 4 izvlečena ven, izvleče notranjo teleskopsko roko 3. Pri tem je verižnik 7 vpet na srednjo teleskopsko roko 2, prvi konec verige 7a na zunanjo roko 1 in drugi konec verige 7a na notranjo teleskopsko roko 3.The outer arm 1 has a clamping element in which the start of the chain 7a is carried out via the pulley 7 and is mounted on the inner telescopic arm 3 (see Figures 1 and 2). Chain 7a, in the case that the piston rod 42 of the cylinder 4 is pulled out, pulls out the inner telescopic arm 3. The chain sprocket 7 is mounted on the central telescopic arm 2, the first end of the chain 7a to the outer arm 1 and the other end of the chain 7a to the inner telescopic arm 3 .

Veriga 6a v primeru, da je batnica 42 cilindra 4 znotraj cilindra 4, potegne srednjo teleskopsko roko 2 v notranjost zunanje teleskopske roke 1. Pri tem je verižnik 6 vpet na srednjo teleskopsko roko 2, prvi konec verige 6a na zunanjo roko 1 in drugi konec verige 6a na notranjo teleskopsko roko 3.Chain 6a in the case that the piston rod 42 of the cylinder 4 inside the cylinder 4 pulls the central telescopic arm 2 into the interior of the outer telescopic arm 1. In this, the sprocket 6 is mounted on the central telescopic arm 2, the first end of the chain 6a to the outer arm 1 and the second end chain 6a to the internal telescopic arm 3.

Teleskopska roka za gozdarsko dvigalo s sistemom notranjega vodenja gibkih hidravličnih cevi zunanjih porabnikov ima v ohišje 1a zunanje roke 1 nameščeno srednjo teleskopsko roko 2 in v njej notranjo teleskopsko roko 3, kot tudi hidravlični cilinder 4, gibke hidravlične cevi 8a, 8b, 8c in 8d, škripec 6 z verigo 6a. Zunaj roke 1 se nahaja škripec 7 z verigo 7a. Po izumu je v vzdolžno os zunanje roke 1 nameščen hidravlični cilinder 4 z batnico 42, pri čemer je na eni strani cilindra 4 nameščeno kolo 5a in na drugi kolo 5b za namestitev gibkih hidravličnih cevi potrebnih za krmiljenje zunanjih porabnikov. Prednost te rešitve je tudi v tem, da je premer kolesa 5a in premer kolesa 5b skoraj toliko velik, kot je velika stranica notranjosti notranje teleskopske roke 3. Pri tem se premer kolesa 5a in 5b spreminja tako, da je premer tako velik kot je velika najmanjša stranica notranjosti notranje teleskopske roke 3. Pri rešitvi teleskopske roke gozdarskega dvigala po izumu je poleg prečne osi koles 5a in 5b nameščen škripec 6, preko katerega je napeljana veriga 6a, ki zgoraj teče med srednjo teleskopsko roko 2 in notranjo teleskopsko roko 3, na katero je tudi pripeta. V primeru, da je potrebno dvigalo krmiliti z več kot štirimi ukazi, je možno na kolesi 5a in 5b namestiti tudi do osem gibkih hidravličnih cevi. Za gibanje teleskopskih rok je lahko vgrajen en ali več hidravličnih cilindrov.The telescopic arm for a forest lift with an internal control system for flexible hydraulic tubes of external consumers has a central telescopic arm 2 in the housing 1a of the outer arm 1 and an internal telescopic arm 3 as well as a hydraulic cylinder 4, a flexible hydraulic tube 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d , pulley 6 with chain 6a. Outside of the arm 1 there is a pulley 7 with chain 7a. According to the invention, a hydraulic cylinder 4 with a piston 42 is mounted in the longitudinal axis of the outer arm 1, with the wheel 5a on one side of the cylinder 4 and the second wheel 5b for the installation of flexible hydraulic tubes necessary for controlling external consumers. The advantage of this solution is also that the diameter of the wheel 5a and the diameter of the wheel 5b is almost as large as the large side of the interior of the internal telescopic arm 3. In this case, the diameter of the wheels 5a and 5b is varied so that the diameter is as large as the large the smallest side of the inside of the inner telescopic arm 3. In the solution of the telescopic arm of the forest crane according to the invention, in addition to the transverse axis of the wheels 5a and 5b, a pulley 6 is installed through which a chain 6a is provided which extends above the middle telescopic arm 2 and the internal telescopic arm 3 which is also attached. In the event that the lift is to be controlled with more than four commands, it is possible to mount up to eight flexible hydraulic hoses on wheels 5a and 5b. For the movement of telescopic arms one or more hydraulic cylinders may be installed.

Rešitev teleskopske roke za gozdarsko dvigalo s sistemom notranjega vodenja gibkih hidravličnih cevi zunanjih porabnikov po izumu omogoča dolgo življenjsko dobo gibkih hidravličnih cevi zaradi maksimalnih premerov koles za navijanje le-teh in ustrezno dimenzioniranega premera cilindra. Omogočena je vgradnja dveh velikih vodilnih koles 5a in 5b gibkih hidravličnih cevi, kjer je radij krivljenja cevi maksimalen v danem prostoru, kar je idealna rešitev. Napetosti v samih gibkih hidravličnih ceveh in njihovih plaščih so v opisani rešitvi minimalne, kar omogoča dolgo življenjsko dobo.The solution of the telescopic arm for a forest crane with the internal control system of the flexible hydraulic tubes of the external consumers according to the invention provides long service life of flexible hydraulic tubes due to the maximum diameter of the wheels for winding them and the correspondingly dimensioned cylinder diameter. It is possible to install two large guide wheels 5a and 5b of flexible hydraulic tubes, where the tube radius radius is maximal in a given space, which is an ideal solution. The tensions in the flexible hydraulic tubes and their coats themselves are minimal in the described solution, which enables a long lifetime.

Claims

Patent claims

1. A telescopic arm for a forestry elevator having a central telescopic arm (2) in the casing (1a) and an internal telescopic arm (3) in it, as well as a hydraulic cylinder (4), a flexible hydraulic pipe (8a, 8b and 8d), a pulley (6) with a chain (6a) and a pulley (7) with a chain (7a) is located outside the arm (1), characterized in that a hydraulic a cylinder (4) with a piston rod (42); characterized in that one of the cylinder (4) is mounted on the wheel (5a) and on the second wheel (5b) for the installation of the flexible hydraulic hoses necessary for controlling the external consumers.

2. Telescopic arm for a forest crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the wheel (5a) and the wheel diameter (5b) can be large, such as the large smallest side of the interior of the inner telescopic arm (3).

Telescopic arm for a forest crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the two wheels (5a and 5b) and the diameter are equal to the length of the shortest inner face of the inner telescopic arm (3) or smaller.

The telescopic arm for a forest crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in addition to the transverse axis of the wheels (5a and 5b), a pulley (6) is arranged through which a chain (6a) is provided which extends above the outer arm (1 ) and the middle telescopic arm (2) and is attached to the internal telescopic arm (3).

5. Telescopic arm for a forest crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that up to eight flexible hydraulic hoses can be fitted on wheels (5a and 5b).

Telescopic arm for a forest crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more cylinders can be installed for the movement of telescopes.