SI20758A - Isolation and supporting surface of slant roof assemblies for providing optimum thermal stability - Google Patents

Abstract

Subject of the invention is the implementation of an insulation of slant roof assemblies for providing optimum heat stability and at the same time a supporting surface for basic and protective roofing. The insulation of slant roofs for providing optimum heat stability and at the same time a corresponding supporting surface is made from a layer of stone wool with a density of 160 - 170 kg/m3 and a pressure stability of 60-80 kN/m2, which can at the same time be used for providing optimum heat stability of the roof assembly and a supporting surface as a carrier layer for the roofing and the protective roofing.

Description

INSULATION OF CONCRETE ROOF CONSTRUCTIONS TO ACHIEVE OPTIMAL HEAT STABILITY

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide insulation for slanted roof structures which enables optimal thermal stability and at the same time an adequate load-bearing base. The invention belongs to class E 04B 1/74 of the international patent classification.

The technical problem that the present invention successfully solves is the construction and implementation of such a roof in oblique roof structures, which will provide a great thermal insulation in the attic space heating, a large factor damping the amplitude of temperature fluctuations, that is, high thermal stability with a bearing base for the basic roofing and interruption of line thermal bridges caused by wooden roofing.

In the design, construction and rehabilitation (reconstruction) of buildings, many times there is a need to use the attic space for residential purposes. In the construction-physical sense, the roof structure is the most exposed, consisting mainly of four typical elements: roofing, thermal insulation, vapor barriers (barriers) and ceiling coverings.

Achieving the required or optimal thermal insulation does not pose a major problem, since almost all known thermal insulation materials achieve a fairly uniform thermal conductivity R = 0.030 - 0.040 io W / (mK). Thus, depending on the thickness of the thermal insulation, it is possible to provide in a fairly rational way the thermal transmittance of the roof structure up to a value of k = 0.20 W / (m ² .K).

Thermal transmittance is an important physical characteristic especially in the winter, when it comes to maximizing energy savings for heating and rooms below the roof structure. In the summer, though, the thermal transmittance of the structure is important, but it is often not possible to provide with this characteristic, i.e. thermal stability of the structure. According to our regulation (JUS U.J5.600 / 87), the temperature damping amplitude damping factor (s) should be at least v = 15 for a sloping roof structure, which is a decisively low value. It would be correct for this value to be overwritten in the same way as for a flat roof construction v = 25.

Practice shows that in the summer and even in the transitional periods in the attic living quarters it is significantly too hot, despite the low "k" value achieved. In addition to the low "k" value, the maximum thermal stability of the structure (high damping factor with amplitude of temperature fluctuations) must be ensured. A fairly high damping factor can also be achieved with extremely large thicknesses of thermal insulation, which is not technically possible, but in most cases also functional, since the wooden construction of sloping roofs does not allow it.

In our design practice, there is a belief that thermal stability in the summer provides ventilation (constant air circulation) between the roof and the thermal insulation layer, but it has been repeatedly demonstrated in the literature that ventilation cannot solve this problem. to be solved because in practice it is not always possible to achieve intensive air exchange (the slope is too low or the roof is too low for the required buoyancy height). Stronger-sized air layers also require an increase in the thickness of the roof structure, which is already "thicker" due to its more dimensioned thermal insulation. In addition, the increased presence of air between the roof and thermal insulation can often cause problems that show abnormal

2o moistening the wooden structure and in the occurrence of condensation water under rapid temperature and humidity changes.

In order to achieve adequate thermal stability, the most important is the volume mass (density) of a particular layer in the roof structure.

Ideally, this layer is thermal insulation, because it is the most rational implementation.

The most typical of thermal insulation materials is that they are mostly lightweight or very lightweight. Their density varies between 15 m and 50 kg / m ³ . The exceptions are foam glass and expanded cork, both of which can reach about 150 kg / m ³ . A special example is stone wool, since its density ranges from 30 to 200 kg / m ³ , depending on the density of the fiber layers. The thermal conductivity of this material is equal to the average value of other thermal insulation materials, namely: R ⁼ 0.040 W / (mK). ίο As a rule, the technical documentation of known manufacturers shows solutions that propagate thermal insulation products in the greatest possible thickness. We have not yet found any documentation that would explicitly point out the negative consequences of overheating of the roof structure in the summer or summer. on the issue of thermal stability of the structure, is Many times in these documentation presented a product that is extremely lightweight and also very rigid (hard) and thus difficult to integrate between the elements of wooden structures. In this context, the importance of ventilation between the insulation and the roofing is most often emphasized. We notice that every product is advertised as being equally applicable to all

2o possible building structures - with this also in sloping roofs.

Insulation for slanted roof structures to achieve optimum thermal stability and at the same time the corresponding load-bearing substrate according to the invention is carried out with a layer of stone wool with a density of 160-170 kg / m ³ and a compressive strength of 60-80 kN / m ² , which is simultaneously used to achieve thermal stability of the roof structure and as a load-bearing base for the substructure of the roof and the protective roof.

The invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of an embodiment and the submitted drawings, of which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of a roof showing the use of rock wool as an element for thermal stability and a substrate for wearing under roof construction;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a roof showing the use of stone wool as an element to achieve thermal stability and the basis for wearing the subframe of the roof.

is Figures 1 and 2 show a longitudinal and cross section of a roof, showing the use of stone wool of a certain density and compressive strength for the purpose of insulating an oblique roof structure. According to the figure, the sloping roof structure (viewed from the side of the roof) is made of wooden slats 1 to support the roof covering associated with the counter slats 3, which are

2o fastened to rafters 10 such that there is an air layer between the laths 1 and the counter laths 3. The cover 4, which is fixed by the counter laths 3, rests on a layer of stone wool with a density of 160 kg / m ³ and a compressive strength of 70 kN / m ² with which thermal stability is achieved, and at the same time layer 5 also bears under the roof structure. Under layer 5, a layer of stone wool of density 50 kg / m ^{3 is implemented} , which provides additional thermal insulation, a vapor barrier 7 made of PE foil and an air layer 8, and wooden slats 11 for fixing the vapor barrier 7 and the installation of any ceiling coverings 9.

s By the described installation and arrangement of insulating materials and, in particular, the use of a layer of 5 high-density stone wool (between 160-170 kg / m ³ ) and higher compressive strength (between 60-80 kN / m ² ) at the same time as the supporting element and at the same time thermal stable insulating material satisfactorily solve the technical problem and enable the following in particular:

high thermal insulation in space heating (winter);

large damping factor of temperature fluctuation amplitude - high thermal stability;

load-bearing base for the basic roofing and for e.g. protective cover and interruption of line thermal bridges caused by wooden rafters by making the rafters fully or partially visible.

For:

ŠIRCELJ, D.O.O. Grosuplje

Claims (2)

PATENT APPLICATIONS 1. Insulation in sloping roof structures to achieve optimum thermal stability and at the same time load bearing substrate, characterized in that it is made of slabs of high density stone wool (between 160-170 kg / m ³ ) and high compressive strength (between 60-80 kN / m ² ) in such a way that at the same time adequate thermal stability of the roof structure is ensured, as well as the load-bearing base for the basic and protective roof. Insulation for sloping roof structures to achieve optimum thermal stability and at the same time load-bearing substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the wooden slats (1) for roofing are connected to counter rails (3) which are attached to rafters ( 10) and there is an air layer (2) between the slats (1) and the counter slats (3); that the protective cover (4), which is fixed by counter-rails (3), rests on a layer (5) of higher density stone wool and higher compressive strength, under which a layer (6) of lower density stone wool is made, a vapor barrier (7), and air layer (8) and wooden slats (11).