SE539184C2

SE539184C2 - A sandwich panel

Info

Publication number: SE539184C2
Application number: SE1551043A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Mäki Jan-Christer
Original assignee: Lindab Ab
Priority date: 2015-07-28
Filing date: 2015-07-28
Publication date: 2017-05-02
Also published as: WO2017016833A1; SE1551043A1; NO20180177A1

Abstract

16 Abstract The present invention relates to a Sandwich panel (10) for insulation of abuilding, each panel comprising an external plate (13) and an internal plate(12) with intermediate insulation between the plates, where the internal platefeatures expansion sections (14) in a load bearing direction of the sandwichpanel and where at least the upper edge (21) of the external plate has ahook-shape for attaching to a fastening stud and at least the lower edge (20)of the external plate has a groove-shape for receiving the hook-shape such that sandwich panels may be stacked to form an insulating layer. To be published with Fig 1.

Description

A sandwich panel-system The present invention relates to a sandwich panel ------ "system fori-selatieninsulation of a building e.g. at renovation. The sandwich panelsefthewsystertfi comprises an external plate and an internal plate withintermediate iselatie-niiwsuiation material arranged between the plates. Theinternal plate comprises expansion sections in a load bearing direction. Anupper edge of at least the external plate has a hook-shape for attaching to afastening stud. The lower edge of at least the external plate has a groove-shape for receiving the hook-shape of another plate such that sandwich Qanels may be stacked to form an iawsulating layer.

Background of the invention Sandwich elements are used in the construction industry primarily for outerwalls and roofs. Industrial buildings typically comprise a body of pillars andlaying sandwich element extending between the pillars and stacked on top ofeach other to form -iselatinginsulating outer walls. However, these systemsare commonly associated with a number of problems. Firstly, it may occurthat an external plate and an internal plate of the sandwich panel do notexpand uniformly, having the result that the sandwich panel may bendoutwards e.g. during warm summer conditions orinwards e.g. during coldwinter conditions. This phenomenon typically arises when the external plateis subject of thermal expansion due to heating e.g. due to exposure to thesun while the internal plate is subjected to less heat and thereby lessexpansion than the external plate.

A further problem which may be encountered by sandwich panel systemsaccording to the prior art are so-called thermal bridges. The effect may forexample arise when sandwich panels are mounted to a surface or pillar bymeans of thoroughgoing fastening means of attachment such as screws andbolts, rivets or like means which provide a thermal link, often referred to as a bridging of cold, between the ambient air and the surface of attachment. A thermal bridge may thus counteract the isfelatirwginsulating capability of the sandwich panel system.

A yet further problem which stem from the same principle as a thermal bridgeis that of moisture conductivity of thoroughgoing means of attachment, whichattachment or like may allow moisture to migrate from moist or wet ambientconditions through the ise-latinginsulating layer into the surface of attachmentand inner space via the channel created by the thoroughgoing means.

Brief description of the invention On this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide asandwich panel-system which solves or at least mitigates the problems ofsuch panel-systems taught in the prior art.

One object of the present disclosure is achieved by providing a sandwichpanelJsy-stem for insulation of a building, the-gmsystem comprising aplurality of sandwich panels each comprising an internal plate, an externalplate, an iselating-insulating material arranged between the plates andadhered thereto and wherein said internal plate comprises expansionsections extending in a loadbearing direction of the sandwich panel betweena lower edge and an upper edge of said internal plate and wherein saidexpansion sections are adapted to facilitate horizontal lengthwise play of theinternal plate in response to a corresponding lengthwise thermal expansionof the external plate.

The expansion sections may be adapted to provide a certain play in terms ofa horizontal longitudinal length of the internal plate. One object of facilitatingsuch play is that an internal plate may to a certain extent expand in responseto a corresponding thermal expansion of an external plate as the external plate is e.g. subjected to heating.

According to one embodiment, the expansion sections are only arranged in a Ioadbearing direction of the sandwich panel.

A further object of the present disclosure is achieved by providing a fasteningstud which aligns a panel vertically, from which a panel may be suspendedand on which stud a panel may rest and which fastening stud does notextend though the whole panel or through the external plate to an externalside of the panel layer.

A further object of the present disclosure is achieved by providing a sealingstrip in the upper and/or lower edges of the external plate.

According to one embodiment the system the expansion sections may eachcomprise at least one pleat.

The pleat or fold is configured such that it may provide the internal plate witha certain amount of stretch such that the plate attains a function similar tothat of an accordion in that it is capable of expanding and contracting inresponse to a corresponding expansion or contraction of the external plate. ln order to facilitate such movements, the intermediate insuiationmaterial may be resilient or porous enough to allow the expansion orcontraction without exerting sufficient resistance or counter force to hinder stretching and/or movements of the internal and/or external plate.

According to one embodiment, the pleat is configured such that it is flush withthe internal plate of the panel and does not protrude out from the internalplate of the panel.

According to one embodiment, the thickness of the internal plate may bemade thinner at the locations where the pleats are disposed such as to facilitate easier expansion of the pleats.

The distance between the expansion sections or the number of expansionsections per unit length of the sandwich panel may differ depending on theappliance of the sandwich panel system and dimensions of each panel. Anenvironment characterised by large differences in temperature may forexample require the distance between the expansion sections to be relativelysmaller or that expansion sections are capable of a more expansion individually.

According to a further embodiment, the internal plate may be comprised of one or more partial plates.

According to a further embodiment, the internal plate may be comprised ofone or more partial plates and the expansion sections comprising at least one gap between the partial plates.

By arranging a gap between the partial plates, the partial plates of which theinternal plate is comprised, may be allowed to expand without interfering witheach other or allowed to be parted in response to an expansion of theexternal plate.

According to a further embodiment, the internal plate may be comprised ofone or more of partial plates wherein the expansion sections comprisesoverlapping of the partial plates.

By arranging an overlap between the partial plates, the partial plates of whichthe internal plate is comprised, may expand without restraining each other orbe parted in response to an expansion of the external plate.

According to a further embodiment the external plate may have an upperedge and a lower edge, the upper edge having a hook-shape and the loweredge having a groove-shape.

According to a further embodiment the hook-shape and/or said groove-shapeextend along the length of said upper edge and/or said lower edge of thesandwich panel.

According to a further embodiment, the external plate may have an upperedge where the upper edge may have a hook-shape. The hook-shape mayhave an opening towards the internal plate.

According to a further embodiment, the external plate may have a lower edgewhere the lower edge has a groove shape.

The hook may feature resilience, for receiving a fastening stud in a resilientattachment. The hook-shape may extend along a length of the upper edge ofthe sandwich panel and the groove-shape may extend along a length of thelower edge of the sandwich panel.

The groove-shape for receiving the hook-shaped upper edge may preferablyhave a width corresponding substantially to the width of the hook-shapedupper edge or slightly smaller. A slightly smaller groove-shape may have theresult that parts of the periphery of a hook-shaped edge resiliently abut theinside of a groove-shaped edge. Such resilience may assure a proper sealbetween an upper edge of a first sandwich plate and a lower edge of anothersandwich plate.

According to a further embodiment, the sandwich panel may be suspendedand aligned vertically by means of said groove-shape being configured toreceive a hook-shape or a fastening stud and said hook-shape beingconfigured to engage with a fastening stud. The engagement may be resilient in that the hook-shape is biased when receiving a fastening stud.

According to a further embodiment, the fastening stud extends lengthwise along a substrate and/or a sandwich panel.

According to a further embodiment, the sandwich panel may be suspendedand/or aligned vertically by means of the groove-shape being configured to receive a hook shape and/or a fastening stud.

According to a further embodiment, the hook-shape and said groove-shapeand said fastening stud forms a lengthwise extending joint.

According to a further embodiment the joint comprises a seal strip betweenthe groove-shape and said hook-shape such that a water tight joint isachieved.

According to a further embodiment, the joint, the hook-shape and the groove-shape are displaceable in a lengthwise direction of the fastening stud inresponse to a Iengthwise expansion of a sandwich panel.

According to a further embodiment, the sandwich panel slidably rests on thefastening stud or is slidably suspended by the fasteing stud. Slidably restingor suspended here imply that the fastening stud is capable of supporting theweight of a sandwich panel while allowing for the panel to slide along thefastening stud in a longitudinal direction of the fastening stud. The abovedescribed interplay between the design of the upper and lower edge of theexternal plate of the sandwich panel having a hook and groove shape andthe fastening stud, allows for an expansion or contraction of the sandwichpanel in response to thermal conditions, thereby the movement of a panel isunconstrained in a horizontal direction in parallel with the substrate whenattached to a substrate. lt may here be emphasized that an expansion of theexternal plate may give rise to forces in the core of the sandwich panel whichcause the expansion sections to expand and thereby also the internal plate, thus, the external plate may indirectly stretch or pull out the expansion sections of the internal plate.

According to a further embodiment, the fastening studs may extend in aplane transverse a substrate and extend horizontally parallel to the surface such as to provide support and/or suspension of at least one sandwich panel. ln further embodiments, the internal plate may be comprised of differentmaterials such as wood, metal, plastic, composites or recycled material etc.

Another object of the present disclosure is achieved by providing a sandwichpanel for insuiation of a building, said panel comprising an internalplate, an external plate, a core of iseiatinginsuiating material arrangedbetween and connected to said plates, e.g. mechanically and/or by beingadhered thereto. The internal plate of the panel comprises at least oneexpansion section extending in a loadbearing direction of said sandwichpanel between a lower edge and an upper edge of said internal plate, whichat least one expansion section is adapted to facilitate horizontal lengthwiseplay of said internal plate in response to a corresponding lengthwise thermalexpansion of said external plate. This inventive individual panel enjoysadvantages corresponding to the ones for thægm panel system comprising more than one such panel when assembled. »i-rf----a---->fu-r-ther----a~speet--the-»inventien-»ifeietee--»te---e----metheë---ef----assembling~-a fastening-stud.- Aseerding--t-a---a--ferther--ernëeaiimeräta-the"method-farther--eemprisesf--the--stepsef;- ----- --arranging-"a-“saeenei--sandWisit-papaimsaeh--that-"a--gæeve--sha-ped--iewﬂer sit-tapet;-epper-edige-ef--sa-id--seeend--panei-reeeives--said-tifird-fastenia-gfstad-_ Further objects, features, advantages and properties of the sandwich panel according to the invention will become apparent from thedetailed description.

Brief description of the drawings ln the following detailed portion of the present description, the invention willbe explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective depiction ofa sandwich panel according to the presentinvenﬁon.

Fig. 2a is a perspective depiction of a sandwich panel comprising anembodiment of an expansion section.

Fig. 2b is a planar cross-section of a sandwich panel comprising a pleatedembodiment of an expansion section.

Fig. 2c is a planar cross-section of a sandwich panel comprising anoverlapping embodiment of an expansion section.

Fig. 2d is a planar cross-section of a sandwich panel comprising an embodiment of an expansion section comprising a gap.

Fig. 3a is a perspective cross sectional depiction of an upper part of asandwich panel according to the invention.

Fig. 3b is a perspective cross sectional depiction of a lower part of asandwich panel according to the invention.

Fig. 4a is a diagrammatic depiction of a method for assembly ofthe sandwichpnggjmaccording to the invention.

Fig. 4b is a diagrammatic depiction of a method for assembly ofthe sandwichganrgglmaccording to the invention.

Fig. 4c is a diagrammatic depiction of a method for assembly of the sandlfvich panel according to the invention.

Detailed description of the invention ln the following detailed description, a sandwich paneleystem according to the invention will be described by the preferred embodiments.

Figure 1 shows a sandwich panel 10 which may, as a typical non-limitingexample measure from 1 m to 1.2 m in height and 5 - 9 m in a lengthwisedirection A. The panel may be comprised of two outer layers 12, 13 ofgalvanised and painted steel plate with a core 33 of lselalt-ienlnsulationmaterial arranged there between. The core 33 may typically be comprised ofmineral wool or expanded polystyrene.

According to one embodiment, the lnsulation material of the core 33may be arranged between the internal plate 12 and the external plate 13 bymeans of mechanical adhesion or other means of attachment such asadhesive compounds. The thickness of the core 33 may typically range from10 - 100 mm but may attain other dimensions depending on the desired characteristics of the sandwich panel.

The expansion sections 14 extend in the Ioadbearing direction indicated byarrow B from a lower edge 26 of the internal plate 12 to an upper edge 27 orthe internal plate 12. The number of expansion sections 14 illustrated inFigure 1 is for exemplary purposes only.

Figure 2a, illustrate a limited part of a sandwich panel 10 according to oneembodiment of the invention comprising an expansion section 14 furthercomprising a pleat 15.

Figure 2b, illustrate a top cross-sectional view of a limited part of a sandwichpanel 10 according to one embodiment of the invention comprising aninternal plate 12, an external plate 13 and an expansion section 14 furthercomprising a pleat 15. The dimensions of the pleat may as a typical non-limiting examples range from 6 - 10 mm, the depth of the pleats typicallyextend 4-8 mm into the core 33 and the pleats typically dimensioned such asto provide a lengthwise play of 1 mm per meter sandwich panel 10.

Figure 2c, illustrates a top cross-sectional view of a limited part of a sandwichpanel 10 according to one embodiment of the invention comprising aninternal plate 12, an external plate 13 and an expansion section 14 furthercomprising an overlap 16 between partial plates 24. The overlap may for example be in the range of 5 mm.

Figure 2d, illustrates a top cross-sectional view of a limited part of a sandwichpanel 10 according to one embodiment of the invention comprising aninternal plate 12, an external plate 13 and an expansion section 14 furthercomprising a gap 17 between partial plates 24. The gap may be dimensionedas a column, gap or slit along the whole length of the internal plate 12 or itmay comprise a perforation along only a part of the length or the internal plate or a combination, i.e. a slit beside perforations. 11 As shown in Figure 3a, the external plate 13 has a hook-shaped upper edge21. lnside the hook-shape of the upper edge 21 there may in oneembodiment be arranged a sealing strip 18 extending continuously along thelength of the upper edge 20.

As shown in Figure 3b, the external plate 13 has a groove-shaped loweredge 20. lnside the groove-shape of the lower edge there may in oneembodiment be arranged a sealing strip 18 extending continuously along thelength of the lower edge 20.

A sealing strip in the upper 21 and/or lower 20 edges of the external plate 13may contribute to the iseiatieainsulatšon capacity of tiﬂiegmpanel system 25 inthat the joint 28 between two sandwich panels 10 provide a water tight seal. ln further embodiments of the invention, also the edges of the internal plate12 comprise corresponding hook and groove shapes or a tongue and grooveshape such that the sandwich panels may be stacked on each other to form an iseia-tinginsuiating wall.

Figure 4a-c illustrates one embodiment of the sandwich panel system 25comprising at least one fastening stud 19. The fastening stud 19 comprisesan inner part 32 attached to a substrate 11, an intermediate part 31 and anouter part 30. The transitions between the parts 30, 31, 32 typically constituteright angles although they may be altered or inclined in other angles inrelation to each other to ensure proper function of the sandwich panel system25. The fastening stud 19 or plurality of fastening studs 19 typically extendalong the lengthwise extension of the substrate 11 and/or the sandwich panel10 and/or a plurality of substrates/sandwich panels 11/10.

The fastening stud 19 may engage with a hook-shaped upper edge 21 or agroove-shaped lower edge 20 individually or simultaneously to form a joint 28 12 which may comprise a sealing strip 18 as depicted in Fig 4 a-c. The system25 thereby achieves that the internal plates 12 and the external plates 13 ofthe sandwich panels 10 are unconstrained in their respective lengthwiseand/or broad wise direction as they expand or collapse. Depending on if thepanels 10 are stacked standing or laying down when being larger in onedirection, the internal plate 12 of the sandwich panels may slide and bedisplaced in a lengthwise direction along the fastening stud 19 as the internalplate slidably rest on the intermediate part 31 of the fastening stud 19. Thehook-shaped upper edge 21 of the external plate may further slide in itsengagement with the outer part 30 or the fastening stud 19 and/or the loweredge 20 of the external plate may alike slide in its engagement with a hook-shaped upper edge 21 of a sandwich panel.

Thereby, the sandwich panel system 25 achieves interplay between thesandwich panels 10 and the fastening studs 19 in that the panels 10 areunconstrained in their respective engagement with the fastening studs 19and/or each other in a lengthwise direction A.

Figures 4a-c provides schematic depictions of a method according to one embodiment of the invention. ln a first step at least one fastening stud 19 comprising an inner part 32 , anintermediate part 31 and an outer part 30 is attached to a substrate 11. Thetransitions between the parts 30, 31, 32 of the fastening stud 19 typicallyconstitute right angles although they may be altered or inclined in otherrelative angles to ensure proper function and assembly of the sandwich panelsystem 25.

The fastening stud 19 is fastened to an arbitrary substrate such as substrate 11 by suitable means of attachment 29. The fastening stud 19 or a plurality of 13 fastening studs 19 may extend along a preferred length of the substrate 11 depending e.g. on the width of the substrate 11 which is to be isolated.

Following the first step, a sandwich plate 10 is arranged on the fastening stud19 such that the outer part 30 of the fastening stud is received by a groove-shaped lower edge 20 of an external plate 13 of the panel 10, preferablyhaving a sealing strip 18 arranged between the lower edge 20 and the outerpart 30 of the fastening stud which is received by the lower edge 20 (see Fig3b). ln the resulting arrangement, the sandwich panel 10 rests on thefastening stud 19 while being aligned vertically and horizontally by thefastening stud 19 and lower edge 20 while being able to slide along thelength of the fastening stud 19. ln a subsequent step, the sandwich panel is aligned and suspended at itshook-shaped upper edge 21 by means of a further fastening stud 19 (notshown). The fastening stud has the outer part 30 having the same height asthe hook-shaped upper edge 21, measured from the core 33 of the sandwichpanel 10. The outer part 30 of the fastening stud 19 may be inserted into thehook-shaped upper edge 21 and subsequently rotated in the direction ofarrow C, about its longitudinal axis such that the intermediate part 31 of thefastening stud 19 abut the core 33 of the sandwich panel 10 and the outerpart 30 extend inside the hook-shaped upper edge 21. The further fasteningstud 19 is subsequently fastened to the substrate 11. ln a following step, a second sandwich panel 10 is stacked on top of thefurther fastening stud 19 and the first sandwich panel 10 in that the groove-shaped lower edge 20 of the second panel receives the hook-shaped upperedge 21 of the first sandwich panel 10 such that a joint 28 is created betweenthe first and the second panel as illustrated in Figure 4c. The joint 28, comprising the upper edge 21, the fastening stud 19 and the lower edge 20 14 thereby provide a water tight joint which isolates against moisture without facilitating thermai bridging between the substrate 11 and the ambient 23.

Claims

1. Claims _ Sandwich panel (10, 25) for isolation of a building, said panel (10) comprising an internal plate (12), an external plate (13), a core of i-sei-ating-insuiating material (33) arranged between said plates and adheredthereto, characterized in that said internal plate (12) comprisesexpansion sections (14) extending in a loadbearing direction (B) of saidsandwich panel (10) between a lower edge (26) and an upper edge (27)of said internal plate (12) and wherein said expansion sections (14) areadapted to facilitate horizontal lengthwise (A) play of said internal plate inresponse to a corresponding lengthwise (A) thermal expansion of saidexternal plate (13). _ The sandwich panel according to claim 1, said expansion sections (14) each comprising at least one pleat (15). _ The sandwich panel according to any claim 1 or 2, said internal plate (12) being comprised of one or more partial plates (24). _ The sandwich panel according to claim 3, wherein said expansion sections (14) comprises at least one gap (17) between said partial plates(24). _ The sandwich panel according to claim 3, wherein said expansion sections (14) comprises overlapping (16) of said partial plates (24). _ The sandwich panel according to any preceding claim 1 - 5, said external plate (13) having an upper edge (21) and a lower edge (20), said upperedge (21) having a hook-shape and said lower edge (20) having a groove-shape. 7. 9. 16 The sandwich panel according to claim 6, said hook-shape and/or saidgroove-shape extending along the length of said upper edge (21) and/orsaid lower edge (20) respectively. _ The sandwich panel according to any claim 1 - 7, said sandwich panel (10) being suspended and aligned vertically by means of a groove-shape(20) being configured to receive a hook-shape (21) or a fastening stud(19) and said hook-shape being configured to engage with the fasteningstud. The sandwich panel according to claim 8, wherein said fastening stud(19) extend lengthwise along a substrate (11) and/or the sandwich panel(10). 10.The sandwich panel according to any of claims 8 - 9, wherein said hook- shape (21) and said groove-shape (20) and said fastening stud (19) forma lengthwise extending joint (28). 11.The sandwich panel according to claim 10, wherein said joint (28) comprises a seal strip (18) between said groove-shape (20) and saidhook-shape (21) such that a water tight joint (28) is achieved. 12.The sandwich panel according to any claim 10 - 11, wherein said joint (28), said hook-shape (21) and said groove-shape (20) are displaceablein a lengthwise direction (A) of said fastening stud (19) in response to a lengthwise expansion of the sandwich panel (10).