SE533435C2 - Torque transmitting arrangement at a wind turbine - Google Patents

Description

533 435 The present invention has emerged in connection with the development of a water-borne wind turbine, for a production of electrical energy, especially a pontoon-supported wind turbine, and intended for a marine application, where very high wave formation is sporadically to be expected.

More particularly, the present invention relates to an application in offshore wind turbines, where there are large torques, low speeds, a large distance between the shafts and where your torque transmitting shafts must be coordinated to supply a common torque to a single shaft, to the bay is connected to a generator for generating electrical energy.

By way of example, the torque may be 500,000Nm, the speed between 10 and 20 rpm, and the distance between the axles 30 to 70m.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Methods, arrangements and constructions related to the above-mentioned technical field and with a function and a nature that meets the set requirements are previously known in a number of different embodiments.

The prior art, for a transmission of torque, includes different constructions based on different types of bevel gears, chain constructions, timing belt constructions, hydraulic motors and or one or fl your coupling rods.

The present invention is in principle intended to join constructions which have a connection to constructions with connecting rods. Although the present invention primarily intends to allow bendable coupling rods, such as prestressed ropes, to be used for transmitting the torque via tensile stresses, coupling rods can also be used in the present invention, for transmitting both compressive forces and tensile forces.

As a first example of the prior art, there can be mentioned a torque transmitting arrangement based on the use of coupling rods, shown and described in the following fi clock 1, with a first, to a rotary tube | see about a first axis of rotation, driven shaft and a second, via a power transmitting means in the form of a coupling rod, to a rotary tube | wheels assigned to the axes of rotation or the like.

A torque transmitting arrangement of the type described here has for many years been used in rail-driven locomotives for train tracks, to transmit the torque from a shaft driven by the locomotive's motor with two rail-bound wheels to an adjacent shaft with two rail-bound wheels.

Torque transmission arrangements based on chains, ropes, belts, toothed belts acting between side-oriented axles and to these coordinated wheels are also previously known in various embodiments, where it has been found that angular gears can not cope with parallel axes in a simple way when wear and maintenance needs require efforts that prove to give high costs, where it has been shown that the chain links will extend so much that the division between each link increases for increasing tensile forces, a relationship that gives rise to wear and that large parts of the chain structure material does not participate in the direct torque transmission, where a timing belt construction cannot withstand large forces and where the link distance increases with increasing traction, where a hydraulic motor application is expensive, gives large losses and requires high maintenance and where a used coupling rod must be dimensioned against buckling, as it will work with compressive forces and requires a considerable length and where utilized jad coupling rod will be very heavily dimensioned.

The prior art with one or more rigid force transmitting means allows the thus coupled wheel pairs to offer a synchronous and controlled rotational movement of the two wheel pairs, independent of the means orientation, and the means provides a pulling and pushing function for the dimensioned torque transmitting No.

Torque transmission arrangements based on chains, ropes, belts, toothed belts and the like allow the thus coupled wheel pairs to have a pronounced 533 435 traction interaction only via the traction belt section, while the recurring belt section does not contribute to any torque transmission .

The previous state of the art also includes the content of the following publications.

Patent publication US-204 568-A shows and describes an apparatus for being able to transmit a force or a torque over long distances and where the use of wires connected to crankshafts at both ends is indicated. Here, an arrangement is indicated with three wires that are evenly distributed over one revolution for the shoulders.

This arrangement constitutes the most relevant prior art in a consideration of the present invention and its peculiarities. The German patent specification DE-352 900-C also shows and describes a torque-transforming arrangement using three rods, coordinated in the same way as in the previously mentioned patent publication. The patent publication US-817 604-A also provides instructions for being able to transmit a torque by means of three wires.

In the case of patent publication US-3 141 352-A, a torque transmitting arrangement (1) with two mounted shafts (2 and 4) for a rotating movement is shown and described therein.

A control unit (18) is placed to actuate a pilot's joystick and where the details (20, 22) can each affect its own arm (24, 26), which is to transmit a translational movement via bending rigid links (32, 34). Here, the use of hydraulic means or cylinders (68, 70), further illustrated in Figure 2, is indicated.

It should be noted here that a rotational movement is effected by a translational movement of parallel rods (46, 48; 50, 52), which can be placed under weak tensile and compressive stresses. 533 435 The patent publication NL-24 281-C shows and describes that arrangements which connect to the one shown and described in the patent publication US-3 141 352-A, however, with chains or bands and with a clamping element (cap cap element 6) inserted as an intermediate lying unit in a selected stretch for each of the two bands. These straps can in principle be compared with the wires specified in the application.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION TECHNICAL PROBLEMS Considering the fact that the technical considerations that a person skilled in the relevant technical field must make in order to offer a solution to one or more technical problems are initially a necessary and / or insight into the measures. the sequence of measures to be taken and the necessary choice of the means or means required, the consequent technical problems should therefore be relevant in the production of the present invention.

Taking into account the previous state of the art, as described above, it should therefore be seen as a technical problem to be able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that may be required to: in a torque transmitting arrangement, with a first, to a rotational movement about a first axis of rotation, driven shaft and a second, via a force transmitting means to a rotational movement about a second axis of rotation, driven shaft and wherein said power transmitting means is eccentrically coordinated partly with said first axis of rotation, and a wheel or the like connected thereto, partly with said second axis of rotation and a wheel or the like connected thereto, bearing means arranged via the end portions of the means, can offer a simpler construction of the torque transmitting arrangement, where used power transmitting means can be structured as in case three power transmission units, which are easily interoperable with and mountable to said wheels or the like and easily demountable from said wheels and can thus be stocked as individual units.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate the use of at least three power transmission units, comprising 533 435 in said power transmission means, and where each of these units is arranged to be able to co-operate with said first shaft and said second shaft, by means of its respective bearing means, via crankshafts, wheels or the like related thereto.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the advantages associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that each of said units should be evenly distributed about the first axis of rotation and the second axis of rotation. .

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the advantages associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that a midpoint angle or an arc dimension, between each of the said units rotatable attachments, should be selected equally or at least substantially equally.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that each of said units should be flexible and dimensioned for only distinct tensile stresses.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and benefits / ownership that will be required to indicate that as mentioned power transmission units a wire should be used to advantage (wire ) construction, a steel wire construction or the like.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the advantages associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that said wire constructions should have end-related splits, to form end-related loops and with a predetermined distance between said loops.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required 533 435 to indicate that each of the power transmission units may be assigned the same length measurements between assigned loops.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that said change-related loops should be adapted to carry their respective causal or equivalent attachment, for a low friction bearing.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that each of said loop and / or causal is to be adapted to enclose a ball or roller bearings or similar bearings, which in turn are adapted to cooperate with a causally assigned pin.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that each of the said units should be side-related in a vertical plane.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that said units should be biased between said first axis and said second axis, and then to such an extent that each unit, regardless of the selected power consumption, will exhibit a stretched state for a traction transmission, where said coverage will fall within the "elastic" range.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that the shaft driven about a first axis of rotation, the shaft driven about a second axis of rotation etc are adapted so that everyone, with the exception that one is to drive a generator, is to be driven by a wind-powered propeller.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required 533 435 to indicate that an additional, a driven, shaft should be coordinated with a generator for generation of electrical energy.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that a used crankshaft can be manufactured in a number of individual parts (and not in a only forged part where plain bearings and sensitive lubrication are required and where the dimensions are limited).

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to assign a crankshaft which will consist of loose shanks and shafts which are screwed together.

There is a technical problem in being able to realize the significance of, the benefits associated with and / or the technical measures and considerations that will be required to indicate that utilized ball bearings and the like can be stepped over an utilized shaft and thus be able to offer a construction. which requires less lubrication and provides a longer service life.

THE SOLUTION The present invention is based on the initially known prior art and is based on a torque-transmitting arrangement at a wind turbine, with a first, to a rotational movement about a first axis of rotation, driven shaft and a second, via a power-transmitting means, to a rotational movement about a second axis of rotation, driven shaft and wherein said power transmitting means is eccentrically coordinated partly with said first axis of rotation and partly with said second axis of rotation, bearing means arranged via the end portions of the means, in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

In order to be able to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention more specifically indicates that the prior art should be supplemented with the peculiarities stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. 533 13-35 In addition, the peculiarities specified in the subclaims are indicated as proposed embodiments, falling within the basic idea of the present invention.

ADVANTAGES The advantages that can primarily be considered to be characteristic of the present invention and the special significant characteristics thus indicated are that in this way conditions have been created for a torque-transmitting arrangement, with a first, to rotate about a first motion. rotary shaft, driven shaft and a second, via a power transmitting means, for a rotational movement about a second rotating shaft, driven shaft and wherein said power transmitting means is eccentrically coordinated partly with said first rotational shaft and partly with said second rotary shaft, via the end portions of the means storage means and otherwise according to the preamble of claim 1 have the peculiarities stated in the characterizing part of claim 1 indicated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Prior art for a torque transmitting arrangement and a presently proposed embodiment, having the significant features associated with the present invention, will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which; Figure 1 shows in side view a simplified previously known torque transmitting arrangement with a rigid bar as a, compressive and tensile forces alternately transmitting, force transmitting means. Figure 2 shows in a perspective view a force transmitting means created according to the principles of the invention, with three force transmitting units, adapted for only, or to a considerable extent, tensile stresses, Figure 3 shows a sine curve to illustrate the variation of tensile force that can be expected on a single one of said units at a tensile function and thus they become the other two units are forcibly phase-shifted between them 120 °, Figure 4 shows in a perspective view a causal, without a cooperating wire, where said causal is to enclose an eccentric pin with an associated bearing member, Figure 5 shows a tensile force / extension curve, valid for a unit in the form of a wire, Figure 6 shows a proposed application for the torque transmitter The arrangement within a surface wind turbine, where four propellers are to cooperate with a torque-transmitting arrangement, not shown, and which arrangement is to drive a generator as a unit, for generating an electrical energy. Figure 7 shows in a side view an alternative arrangement with a crankshaft and with three attached units, Figure 8 shows in a second view the alternative arrangement according to Figure 7 and Figure 9 shows a proposed attachment of the end sections of two wire sections to a shaft portion of a connecting rod.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART ACCORDING TO FIGURE 1.

Figure 1 now intends to clarify a previously known torque transmitting arrangement "A", with a first, to a rotational movement about a first axis of rotation 1a, driven shaft 1 and a second, via a force transmitting means 3, to a rotational movement about a second axis of rotation 2a, driven axis 2.

To these shafts 1, 2 are coordinated two impellers 1b, (1c) resp. 2b, (2c) for a displacement along rail sections 7, 7a. 533 435 11 Said force-transmitting means 3 is exoentrically coordinated partly with said first axis of rotation 1a and its wheels 1b and partly with said second axis of rotation 2a and its wheels 2b, associated bearing means 4, 5 via the end portions 3a, 3b of the means 3.

The known technique is based on a flexurally rigid rod 3, which is intended and dimensioned to be able to transmit compressive forces as well as tensile forces.

Figure 1 is intended to schematically illustrate that a chassis 6 is slidably arranged along parallel rail or rail sections 7, 7a.

The distance between the wheels 1b and 2b is normally small to facilitate the dimensioning of the rod 3.

DESCRIPTION OF THE NOW PROPOSED EMBODIMENT It should then be emphasized at the outset that in the following description, of a presently proposed embodiment, which exhibits the significant features associated with the invention and which is clarified by the references given herein. choose terms and a special tennis technology with the intention of making the idea of clarification clear in the first place.

In this context, however, it should be borne in mind that the terms chosen here should not be construed as limiting only to the terms used and selected here, but it should be understood that each tin thus selected should be construed to include in addition all technical equivalents operating on the same or substantially the same method, in order to be able to achieve the same or substantially the same intention and / or technical effect.

With a reference to the appended ur gures 2 to 6 and fi gures 7 to 9, not only the present invention is shown schematically and in detail, but also the significant peculiarities associated with the invention have been concretized, through the now proposed and in more detail described hereinafter described embodiments. alternative solutions. 533 435 Thus, the clock 2 shows a torque transmitting arrangement "A", with a first, to a rotational movement about a first axis of rotation 1a, driven shaft 1 and a second, via a force transmitting means 3, to a rotational movement about a second axis of rotation 2a , driven shaft 2 and where said force transmitting means 3 is exoentrically coordinated partly with said first axis of rotation 1a and partly with said second axis of rotation 2a, bearing means 4, 5 assigned via the end portions of the means.

According to the present invention, three different power transmission units 3A, 3B and 3C are provided, included in said power transmission means 3.

Said units 3A, 3B and 3C are here identical in shape, so that only the unit 3A will be the subject of a more detailed description.

The unit 3A, is arranged to cooperate with said first shaft 1 and said second shaft 2 by means of their respective bearing means 4A, 5A.

Each of said units 3A, 38 and 3C is with its attachment points to its wheels 1A, 2A; 1B, 2B and 1C, 2C or crankshafts distributed about the first axis of rotation 1a and the second axis of rotation 2a.

Here it is indicated that an center point angle "a" or an arc dimension between each of said units 3A resp. 3B on each wheel or crankshaft 1A, 1B is chosen equally and that each of said units is dimensioned for pronounced tensile stresses.

As the said power transmission units 3A, 3B and 3C, a wire (wire) construction, a steel wire construction, is used.

Said wire construction has end-related splices in order to be able to form end-related loops (not shown).

Said end-related loops are, however, adapted to be able to carry their respective causal, here denoted 14, 15. 533 435 Said loop and / or causal 14, 15 are each adapted to enclose a ball or roll bearing 24 (fi gur 4) , which in turn is adapted to co-operate with a pin 25 assigned to the coupling 14, which is attached to the wheel 1A.

Figure 2 makes it clear in its perspective view that each of said units 3A, 3B and 3C are in a vertical plane laterally related to each other for a rotating movement.

According to the present invention it is provided that each of said units 3A, 3B and 3C shall be biased between said first shaft 1 and said second shaft 2, via extensible and shortable means not shown in the figure, to such an extent that each unit 3A, 3B and 3C, regardless of the selected power take-up, will exhibit a stretched state for a traction transmission.

Thus, at an upper position for a wire section 3A ', this section shall have a maximum tensile stress "P2" (activated load and initial bias) with a length extension "f" falling within the range "f1" and "f2" while , at a lower position for a wire section 3C ", this section shall have a lower tensile stress" P3 "(relieved load but with a bias voltage) with a change in length" f "falling within the range" f1 "and" f3 ". the clamping force to correspond to the force “P1.” This is shown in Figure 5.

With reference to the clock 6, it is illustrated that the shaft 1 driven around a first axis of rotation 1a, the shaft 2 driven around a second axis of rotation 2a with associated wheels, and so on. are adapted to be driven by each of a wind driven propeller 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D.

A further, a driven, shaft 10 is coordinated with a generator 11 for generating electrical energy. The output of this energy is not shown.

With reference to the gears 7, 8 and 9, a crankshaft 20 with its rotatable center shaft 20 'is shown in different views and to which crankshaft three arms 21, 22, 23 are attached and to said connection points 24, 25 and 25 are attached said units 3A , 3B and 3C. 533 435 Utilized crankshaft 20 must be capable of being manufactured in a number of individual parts (and not in a single forged part where plain bearings and sensitive lubrication are required and where the dimensions are limited).

A crankshaft 20 will thus consist of loose legs 21, 22, 22 ', and 23 and with shafts 24', 25 'and 26' which are screwed together in a manner known per se around the shaft 20 '.

Utilized ball bearings 34, 35 and 36 and the like can be threaded over an utilized shaft and thus be able to offer a construction which requires less lubrication and gives a longer service life.

Figure 9 illustrates that two units 40, 41 (corresponding to the units 3B 'and an adjacent unit) are connected via a bearing cup 42, 43 to each other via a ball bearing 34 assigned to the crankshaft 20. within the frame of the invention also the case that between the first and the second shaft may be provided with an additional crankshaft, which shall then be adapted to transmit torques as a passive crankshaft which can cause transverse oscillations. Such an extra passive crankshaft only transforms torque and thus they could be dimensioned much smoother than the others.

The bias voltage according to the invention, shown in Figure 5, can then be effected by extending or shortening the distance between the shafts 1a, 2a by means of separate means, within a arrangement covering tube 16.

As an alternative, an intermediate wheel or the like can be raised and lowered in order in this way to have the element 3B 'extended or shortened to its selected bias. There is nothing to prevent this intermediate wheel from cooperating with a spring arrangement, which in turn is coordinated with a shock absorber arrangement.

Such an intermediate wheel is not described in more detail, nor is a capercaillie arrangement with or without shock absorber arrangement as such means are well known in their technical field. 533 435 The invention is of course not limited to the embodiment specified above as an example, but may undergo modifications within the scope of the invention concept illustrated in the appended claims.

In particular, it should be noted that each displayed unit and / or circuit can be combined with any other displayed unit and / or circuit within the framework in order to be able to achieve the desired technical function.

Claims (2)

533.- 435 PATENT REQUIREMENTS Torque transmitting arrangement (A) at a superficial wind turbine, with a first, to a rotational movement about a first axis of rotation (1a), driven shaft (1) and a second, via a power transmitting means (3), to a rotational movement about a second axis of rotation (2a), driven shaft (2) and wherein said power transmitting means (3) is eccentrically coordinated partly with said first axis of rotation and with said second axis of rotation, bearing means (4, 5) assigned via the end portions of the means , using three power transmitting units (3A, 3B, 3C), included in said power transmitting means (3), each of said units being distributed about the first axis of rotation (1a) and the second axis of rotation (2a) , with a midpoint angle (a) or an arc dimension, between each of said units, selected equal, or substantially equal, and each of said units being dimensioned for pronounced tensile stresses, characterized in that said units (3A, 3B , 3C) is biased, between said first shaft (1) and * said second shaft (2), to such an extent that each unit, regardless of the selected power take-up, has a stretched state for a traction transmission, that a wire construction is used as said power transmission units or the like, that said wire construction has end-related splices, for forming end-related loops therefrom and wherein said end-related loops are adapted to support each other's (14, 15), and said cause is each adapted to enclose a ball or roller bearings (34, 35, 36), which in turn are adapted to cooperate with a pin (25) assigned to the causal member, that the shaft (1) driven about the first axis of rotation (1a), the one about the second the shaft of rotation (2a), the driven shaft (2), etc. are adapted so that each is driven by a wind-driven propeller (6A, 68, 6C, 6D), that a further, a driven, shaft (10) is coordinated with a generator (11), for generating an electric energy, that the used pin (25) serving as a crankshaft (20) is manufactured in a number of individual parts, where the crankshaft (20) is adapted to consist of loose legs (21, 22, 22 ". 23) and a number of shafts attached thereto (24 ', 25', 26 '), and that used ball or roller bearings (34, 35, 36) are adapted to be threaded over a used shaft. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that each of said units (3A, 3B, 3C) are, in a vertical plane, side-related to each other. 10 533 435 17. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the legs (21, 22, 22 ". 23) are fastened to one another by means of screw connections. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that an intermediate wheel can be adjusted in a height-adjustable manner in order to allow a selected clamping force to be adapted to a selected bias voltage depending on a selected setting position. . Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that said intermediate wheel is arranged to be raised and lowered, by means of an air arrangement coordinated with a shock-absorbing arrangement.