SE455200B - FIREFIGHTING FOAM CREATING TRANSMISSION, LAYER ELEMENTS INCLUDING THIS AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THE LAYER ELEMENT - Google Patents

Description

455 200 à stage off on the surface, with deep spaiter biidas through viika the heat quickly reaches the body eïier the substrate, which ska11 protected. A similar effect is already achieved by counter-heating ningen.

It has been found that certain water-emulsifiable epoxy resins when used as binders in such mixtures has the ability to bind water relatively long and only faintly deliver this, and that these coatings when used on underiag at the influence of heat at most fiagnar av i skin-like layers that individually appear fire-retardant, so that tntait has seen a very good long-term protection against can of fire can be achieved. However, this effect is improved These coatings are used for growing fiber fibers Four-layer and possibly a further layer of non-hydro- free epoxy resins with conventional hardeners, accelerators, gas-emitting substances and / or fire-resistant fuiïmedei i godtyckiig ordningsföijd iiksnm evcntueiit med ett avsiutande impermeable protective layer, for example of polyurethane resin, poiyakryiatharts eiier other epoxy compatible resin resins.

The above-mentioned fire retardant and foaming agent According to the invention, the transfer medium is characterized in that the binder contains at least one hydrophilic, in water emulsifiable epoxy resin and as a hardener at least either of a polyamine hardener, a polyamide amine hardener, a polyamide female anhydride hardener or dicyandiamide.

Such hydrophilic epoxy resins are known per se by DE ~ OS 27 26,269, but is described only as an anti-corrosion agent and not with the fire protection properties, as these in water emuigable binders, in particular in combination with those ïikaiedes known fire protection eiier fire retardants, provides to the underiagen, the builders, the building deiar eïier deïar of other flammable structures.

Only one preferred embodiment is used for the membrane medium 455 200 3 an aqueous emulsion of the hydrophilic epoxy resin and 1 - 40% by weight of water (based on the total amount). Preferred In addition, the water-rich emuïsíon is organic emission stabilizers which are water and epoxy compacts.

The hydrophilic epoxy resin preferably contains bisphenol A and / or bisphenoic F. Preferably, the hydro- fíïa epoxy resin a epichiohydrin with an epoxy equivalent of meïïan 175 och 210 en di- eïïer trig1yuídy1cLer av dioïer or trios with 2 to 20 carbon atoms and possibly 1 to 8 etheric acid atoms in the weight ratio 75-95% binder of 25 r 5% g1ycídy1eter. As the amine hardener, one is preferably used adduct of a poïyamín eïïer poïyamídoamin with at least two amino groups.

Only one more preferred embodiment is contemplated the binder a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid hydride, which reacts with the epoxy resin at moïïan temperatures 100 and 300 ° C.

Such substances are known to be harder and include b1 a hcxahy ~ diacid anhydride, methylacetic anhydride, fatty acid anhydride hydride, trimethyl anhydride and pyromethyl acid anhydride. IN in particular the three latter substances react at temperatures at 160 and 290 ° C with carbon epoxy resins and give especially heat-resistant matterï.

In addition, it is preferred that as foaming respectively gas-emitting compounds using those which contain nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur1 and / or bromine and which decompose at 100 ~ 600 ”C. Such substances are, for example, myamine phosphate, myamine horat, guunidine phosphate, gunny1curbamide, guany1carbamide phosphate, N-phenyl-N-cyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, guanidine carbonate, hensosuïhydrohydrazide and other organic sulfur compounds and boron compounds with more than 10% boron. It is especially preferred that the coating medium contains 30 ~ 70% by weight of such substances, the amount of nitrogen and / or phosphorus being tiïï more than 20 mo1 ~% and whereby the decomposition temperatures at 455 200 4 the presence of at least two of these substances differs each other at least 50 ° C.

In addition, in accordance with a preferred embodiment such as water soluble foaming agent 1 dicyandiamide is used. barrel condensation product, a dicyandiamide and / or guani ~ dinsiïikat.

When the coating medium, in addition to the binding medium, also encloses one novel resin in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight, based on epoxy the resin, particularly favorable long-term fire protection values are achieved, this effect being further enhanced by the addition of fïamdämpande tiïïsatsmedcï som vaïts bïund aïkaïisiïikuter, alkali metal silicates, aluminum phosphate, alumina trihydrate (especially fine-grained), antimontriuxide, zeolite, kíseïgur, starch, pentaerythritis of substances which at the same time for " strengthens the cocooning, as well as purely active co1. Hereby can at counterheating values in accordance with DIN 4102 of up to 11 F 90 1as, viïkct on the other hand is now achievable for knnvcntiunc11a fire- inhibitory resins. It has proven to be particularly favorable when the binder contains phenolic resin-modified resins egg pheno1hartser. The coating medicament according to the invention may further as Li11 batch stabilizers and / or gaseous emitting agents tiïïsättas meïamin, tylos “eïïer dioxan, iiksom vid särskiït flammable buildings in addition Fibers of gïas, gypsum, asbestos, graphite. bor woïfram, stâï e11er another temperature range ~ digt materiaï. Through such efforts, it effect of fire biïdade förkoïnadc mass mechanically sLabi1i ~ serad.

Only one further preferred embodiment contains 11 the coating medium 1 - 30% by weight, based on the total amount, of diphenylacryphus fats such as plasticizers and inhibitors.

In use, the presenting becomes epoxy resin coating agent 455 200 5 either as an emulsion applied directly to the substrate which shall be protected or using a loose carrier material first prepared separately and at a later date applied cerat on the basis, respectively the Object, which shall protected from fire. In the combination of several layers, fire protection values according to DIN 4102 up to 150 min (without counter- heating) is obtained. Because the coating agent is chemical neutral and also resistant to the effects of water, heating or cooling, it can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Particularly useful are the present epoxy resin coating compositions for the protection of steel buildings, aircraft halls, high-rise buildings, bridges, refineries at oil fields or pipe platforms and others flammable objects or structures. In addition, it is also particularly useful for the protection of structures of wood and plastic, such as ferries or ships.

During application, the object to be protected becomes firstly provided with a primer, depending on the object or substrates, for example for steel with a primer on epoxy base. Then epoxy resin coating medium is applied according to the invention in several layers by application, by means of rolls or spraying, usually 2 ~ 3 coats each 900 9 / m2 provides excellent fire protection values. Application thickness ~ the play amounts to only 1 - 2 mm, but when heated ~ However, the material expands to up to 20. Through that a mechanical barrier layer of fibers or webs is applied between each layer, which are either pre-prepared in in the form of fabrics or applied by spraying and which either are applied in the dry state or applied by spraying in a wet state in a single step together with the present epoxy resin coating agent, it can in case of fire formed charred mass is stabilized. As fibers can all high temperature resistant fibers are used, which are mentioned early ~ RE. Also the previously mentioned expansive silicates and others hydrating metal salts of aluminum, lead, tin, boron, phosphorus can be used. Particularly suitable is the use of aluminum phosphate or alumina trihydrate or others 455 200 6 strong water binding and water only at higher temperatures emitting agents, such as zeolites and / or kiseigur. Särskiït suitable is the use of organic pyrotropic, water-based rewarding material, medeï which at the same time strengthens förko1nan ~ it, and / eïïer actively kneel. The barrier layers of hydrating substances produce stable expanded layers through fire the evaporation of the water present in the epoxy resin material net. In addition, it seems strongly endothermic, so that one cooling of the meijian layer is achieved.

Eventueïït can fïera over the two e11er three eiler eventue11t the epoxy resin coating layers also have an epoxy compatibility cover layers are applied, in particular one against weather stress resistant layer of polyurethane or an acrylate dispersant sion eïler another resin.

In use, in addition to the present epoxy resin coatings ~ also a conventional non-hydrating epoxy resin materiai be used, this being the second or third layer is applied in combination with the present coating medium. Here too, the above-mentioned melanan layer can be used. Thereby is in many cases it is not necessary to apply a cover layer, since the surface-mounted epoxy resin is not water-resistant and thereby weather-resistant.

According to the invention, a fire protection is further provided layer elements using the coating described above wherein the layer element comprises two of the coating members. let bid foam bidding layer, a meïian the foam bidding the layers arranged barrier layer and possibly 11t further layer.

A refractory layer element is known from DE-OS 28 28 839.

In this known layer element is a polyester-gaseous fiber layer double-sided with a geieoat layer, which together with puïy- ester resin also contains other Eyiïmedei tespektive ti11- batches, such as meiamine, pentaerythritis, potato stürkeïse and 455 200 7 ammuniumfnsfat. It is further known to produce a layered cement using epoxy resin containing polyethylene mine such as harder. The use of gias fiber reinforcement layer is known. Dyïika fire protection layer elements are used in front of aiit tiïi protection of buildings eïicr building deiar. Sum reinforcement contains the gïas- eïier metal fibers. Their fire protection properties correspond to dnck sétïan the high stäïida the requirements.

In addition, it is known to provide corrosion protection of sturu standing buildings use a water-based epoxy resin emuishnn consisting of liquid epoxy resin based on bisfunni A uch / eiier bisfenoi F, a dilution medium on the basis of a di ~ ciiur trigiycidyl diets and a harder one based on an amine conduit of a polyamine containing at least two primary or one primary and a secondary amino group, and an epoxy compound (DF ~ OS 27 26 269). The advantage of this anti-corrosion agent is that it can be applied directly on wet surfaces and with a god adhesion also have a good corrosion protection effect.

The present fire protection layer elements are emeïïnrtid for- improved so tiïïvída that it despite enkeï composition and Enkei production exhibits superior fire protection properties.

Above all, it must also provide a sufficient Long-term fire protection for fire-fighting constructions, däribiand buildings, in particular when the fire protection standard DIN 4102 with counter-heating gæïicr. Nackdciarnn at ïiknande known fire protection and layer elements, as in the case of counter-heating already in the tust fire furnace cracks at an early stage on the surface and thereby provides a rapid heat transfer into the structure tionsdeien, skaiï avoided.

The invention further consists in that two at elevated temperatures turn foaming foam layer layers are separated by a such as meiian layer serving barrier layer and at least on una the side is covered with an additional barrier layer which in turn is coated with a cover layer. The barrier layers are included in 455 200 8 in particular gias fiber and epoxy resin as binder. Thereby The foam foam layers such as the binder contain epoxy resin which is cured with an amine hardener, a polycarboxylic anhydride harder uch / eïïer dicyandiamíd, ïiksom endothermically reacting, foam-releasing, gas-releasing and / or chain-breaking devices and / or Fy11mede1, in addition to which the cover layer shall contain epuxid uch / e11er puïyuretan.

It has been found that this layer sequence is consistent with the invention of The different layers in the layer element solve the above task peculiarly advantageous. By the fact that the actual foam bids are separated by barrier layers and at least unilaterally coated, the values F 30 are achieved in accordance with DIN 4102 with coin heating. The emergence of deep consistent spells prevented, not only by the influence of counterheating but even in fa11 of fire. In addition to god mechanical properties extremely high fire protection values are achieved in accordance with DIN 4102 without coin heating up to 160 min. An additional fordnï is that the fire-protected layer element can not only be used indoors but also outdoors and despite the influence of water, heat and kyïa bihehå11er the good fire protection properties.

For example, when used outdoors, values of up to 11 F are achieved 90 in case of counter-heating.

Present fire protection layer elements can be advantageous be used for the protection of standing houses, Fïygpïanshaïïar, houses, bridges, refineries at nïjefäït eïïer hurrpiatlfurmur.

In addition, it can be used for the protection of wood or wood structures, despite the widow's appïikatinn.

According to another aspect of the invention, the layer element is combined with the construct inside deï, sum ska11 be protected, ti11 a building unit. Preferably, the construction element is transferred with a protective layer before the combination with the layer element.

The present layer element provides good protection. d v s en good film inhibition both in the case of radiant heat and in the case of kinetic 455 200 9 tiensvärme, biidar ett stabiit, siutet "skinn" upp tiii ca 1000 ° C, above which temperature the layer decomposes by a surprisingly slow wiping of thin layer parts respectively tive "leather", which means that also a good long-term protection achieved by heat generation in fa11 of fire.

Genome incorporation of epoxy phenolic resin emulsions, (such as pox resin VEM 2155 from Huechst), for corrosion protection and The reinforcement of the pre-heating can in case of counter-heating values eniigt DIN 4102 på upp ti11 F 90 erhåiius, viiket iigger outside the müjiiga for kunventioneiia flame retardant resins.

It is also possible to use mixtures of inhibitors water-emulsifiable enoxy resins and those of non-emulsifiable type.

Particularly advantageous is a layer element of the above described siag, whose barrier layer and / or foam binder layer contain patches, in particular term patches such as acrynitrile hutadiene.

The invention will be described in more detail below reference to the accompanying drawings, there Fig. 1 shows a fire protection layer element combined with a wooden construction element, and tig 2 shows an alternative that is combined with one of metaïipiåt existing knnstruktiundei tiii one building unit and applied to it.

According to Fig. 1, it is a structure consisting of wooden beams eiemcntut 1 coated with a protective layer 2. Then one layer layer 3 arranged, on this a barrier layer 4, on this a foam door layer 5. on this a barrier layer 4, on this a second foam carrier layer 5, on this an additional barrier layer 4 and siutiigcn a cover layer 6. 455 200 10 The composition of the enskiida deï layers will be described vase in the following.

According to Fig. 2, a metal object serves as a construction element 1 which on its outer sides and both fronts ïikaïedes are coated with a protective layer 2. This dei is combined with the fire protection layer element of a building unit and can therefore transported as such and assembled into a total protection of objects, which shall11 be protected. Adjacent to this the protective layer 2 to one of the foam cover layers 5. and together the insert layer 3 is provided with a barrier layer 4 which is located this layer layer 3 and the other of the foam layer layer ten 5. The outer barrier layer 4 is also covered here with a cover layer 6. This construction unit is arranged on a carrier 8, exempeivís Retaining wall eiïer support peïare, and can in a convenient way be anchored to this.

The layer element can be produced in different ways, i in particular by stepwise application of the individual layers through that the construction element 1 is first coated with protective layers. tet, in particular an adhesive substrate, a corrosion ~ protective layer e11er a similar foundation. If the design The element 1 consists of standing, it is suitable to produce the protective layer 2 using epoxy resin. When heated ~ The layer element expands with the foam binder layers by one factor 10 - 100, for example up to 20 cm. By one mechanical barrier layer 4 of fibers, fibers, fabrics and the like is arranged with each foam binder layer 5 by fire biidade fürkoinade massan stabiïiserad. The fibers can be applied by spraying, but may also be applied in dry condition eïier even applied by spraying together with the epoxy resin coating medium in a single step.

The cover layer 6 should preferably be epoxy compatible and Resistant to weather stress. In this case, the the use of pn1yurethane has an acrylic disposition. 455 200 11 The following layer composition is particularly preferred: As a protective layer 2 is used on one as a construction element 1 serving steel structure a primer on epoxy resin base as applied in a very thin layer on the construction element 1 according to Fig. 2.

The following components were used for the foaming layers 5: A as binder ooh B as hardener. Compare the attached table.

Of five parts of component A and one part of component 0 are prepared an aqueous emulsion and then applied the First Foam. image clock layer 5. The boiler time is 2 hours, so that at a multilayer application approximately 1 ~ 2 days is needed before the next layers can be applied.

First, in this case the lowest and innermost the foaming layer 5, is then applied either in the wet state or in the dry state the first snare layer 4 below use of fiberglass in such a way that an oa is first applied 100 - 300 μm thick layer 5 and then by means of glass cutting means with air flow or by means of a snout device they cut the glass fibers in lengths of 4 - 20 mm, in particular 6 mm.

A particularly suitable method according to the invention exists in that the emulsifiable epoxy resin already added with additives ooh / or fillers, such as light dough mass å one side and possibly with additives and / or fill » hardened hardener - such as pasty pulp ~ and å the other side is first preheated to reduce the viscosity respectively for improving the buoyancy. They hereby with with respect to its viscosity to about 10% reduced the components are then mixed under high spray pressure of approx 200 ~ 300 bar in a static mixer by the volume flow of each individual component is atomized and therefore even without dynamic processing an excellent mixing takes place. Sam- 455 200 12 early bïandníngsförhåïïandet can be controlled: It is preferred emeïïertíd to use a mixing ratio of about 4: 1 meïïan den med tí11satser, exempeïvís en1ígt component A provided with emulsifiable epoxy resin and the single component B composite hardener.

After mixing, it is redistributed in two separate streams in order to, in the fine-straw area of a spray gun, chopped gïas fibers and sprayed as a coating layer on it objects that are to be protected, such as a safe wall or one pansarp1åt.

The total layer thickness is about 0.6 - 1.5 mm.

Thereafter, the next foam binder layer 5 is applied to the counter. corresponding manner.

After the construction of the next barrier layer 4, an e11er is applied several addition layers 3 containing a mixture of four weight part of component E and a weight part of component F only föïjandez (compare attached tabeïï) The break time for this component bonding is 40 minutes, b1ananingsföfhå11anaa, e; F = 4 = 1. D After the construction of a second barrier layer 4, sïuts are applied ïígen the cover layer 6 which consists of four parts of component C and a part of component D is as follows (see appendix) tabeïï) The obtained material had a film inhibition value of 150 minutes according to DIN 4102.

To avoid shrinkage of the layers during curing to 11 ~ at the same time a softener was added, possibly decremented. sy1 (fcny1) fnsfat 1 amounts of 2 - 10%, calculated on respectively recipe. 455 200 13 It is possible to mix component A of the emulsifiable the resin with component E of the non-emulsifiable resin for maximaï effect, more precisely in the b1andníngsförhâ11undet A: E = 10 - 60: 90 - 40.

In many cases, the design combinations for the layer combination must ~ the tins must be shaped before further processing. In this case, were thin plates, which are more or less strongly curved e11er veckade.

Because these p1åtat 1 curved ti11sLånd are difficult to override is it fürdeïaktigt to üverdra p1åtarna manueïït e11er maskíneïït i pïant tí11stand. Muskíne11t can at 1öpando band the individual layers are applied one after the other, a hardening zone medo1st hot1uft e11er infrastra1ar can be used mo11an skíkten. Thereby it is possible to utilize a belt speed. heat of 20 - 90 m / min.

However, the roneptures should be changed for the bending, as the layers ska11 be rubber-like fitted. This is best done by adding 10 - 40% dicresyl (phenyl) phosphate and / or thermop1aster. Particularly suitable are humopolymers of butadiene and copolymers of butudiene / acryinitrile containing reactive groups in both end positions. These can be carboxyl, hydroxy, vinyl and also amino end groups.

In the present example, the hardener B or the hardener F may be provided with an amino terminus containing a product, such as a amine-terminated liquid polymers with reactive secondary amine groups por (eg HYCAR ATBN- 1300 x 6 as saïuförs by B. F. Good ~ Y. rich). (Compare attached tab11) Viscosity, Brookfío1d c P 225 000 Totaï aminekvíva1ent 800 - 1000 Akry1nítrí1ha1t 16.5 Density at 25 ° C 0.956 455 200 14 The hardener B, for example, is subjected to 60 parts by weight of this hydrogen. skepoïymer. Bïandningsfürhâïiandet then changes unanimously fö1jandc: Azß = 2,521.

The hardener F is added 60 times by weight of this liquid polymer. Then the mixing ratio changes according to the following the: L F = 2 1 After curing, elastic layers are not formed as in bending shows some cracks at the edges.

In the stand of the hardener, the epoxy resin itself can also be provided akryïnitriï- egg butadienhnmopoïmmerer.

For this purpose, the carboxy-acryinitri / the butadiene homopolymers with the epoxy resins and processed at elevated temperature. The processing takes place at about 130 ° C in young 16 tim. Example Epoxy resin only exemplifies E 100 g Reactive liquid polymer (homopolymer) based on butadiene with dehydrated reactive groups without solvent (eg HYCAR 1300) Xß RLP maintained by B.F. Gondrich) 20 9 As soon as the preparation is liquid, 40 parts by weight are introduced into it the crew E.

It is also possible to use it with HYCAR vandiade hardener F.

In addition to the use for dc bent eininr folded piåtarna achieved by a broader fire protection, because it 455 200 15 strongly N-haïtíga preparation at Förkoïnandct in addition has an inhibitory effect.

The content of hnmupuïymcrer prevents ytterïígaro shrinkage, so that no microcracks appear in the handle of fire and the action of emollients, such as diphenylkresy1- phosphate, reinforced.

The fire-retardant protective element is used in certain situations such as edge protection layers on a body, which are to be protected e.g. safe wall, nn pansarp1âL e11er a constructíondeï, such as en fïygpïansbyggdeï cïlcr en huskunstruktiun. It can eme1 ~ ïcrtid also tíïïvirka as independent and 1 in particular buckníngsbar deï to First on the use stäïïet is given its correct shape. In this respect, the invention is very diverse very useful.

Claims (29)

455 200 16 T A B E L L yíkLde1ur Hydratifiable epoxy resin of hispheno A and epichiohydrin, epoxy 24-25, epoxy equivalent 172-178, color Gardner 1-3, spec weight 1,13 (20 ° C). viscosity 1200-1500 CP (Rütapnx VE 2913) 22.0 Nnvoïack resin, (80% acrylate dispersion) (4186 Rütgerswerke) or an acrylate-modified epoxy resin (such as VEM 37/1 from Hoechst AG) 5.0 Stabíïburgers (VVE, VVE, VVE, VVE 2 aïternatívt Tyïosc fi (MHB 10000, Hoechst AG) Pentaerythritis .Û Muïamínharts ïösbnrt i Tösningsmedeï (Mapre 5,0 na1 VMF 3910) Phosphate phyam inhibitor, ammunium poïyfusfat med C- 13.0 kälïor (Phanderitngand) with cmuïgaturer 6.5 (Phusgard C22R) Maïda g1asfibrer (míïled Fiber EC-10 S) 2,4 Desti11erat water 20.0 Pnïyumin hardener - aminequiquient 125 ~ 150 viscosity 7000-8000 cP spec weight 1.0 (20 ° C) color Gardnnr 8-10, 75% Fixed body (ABS4 Rütgerswerke eïïer H553) 53.6 Amidoamide hardener (105 / B, Rütgerswerkc) 26.8 Anhydride hardener (Y, Rütgerswerke) 7.9 Guanyic urea 10.0 Trisdimethyaminophenoï (dimethyphthalate acid as 10,? , phthalic acid, trio and 80% in glycolic acetate (VPKL 5 2332 Bayer AG) 39.14 27.48 17 Titandíuxíd Montmorí11onít - a1ky1ammoniumsaïtförtjockare (Bentonite 34) 10% 1 benzene Z1nkacce1erator (Nuvnfux, 8 Z Zn) Si1ikonu1ja (OL, 10%) 1rís (dík1oreLy1) fosfaL Aïuminíumoxidtrihydrat Etyïgïykoïucetut Buty1g1yku1aceLaL aromatic díisucyanatbïandníng (Bayer Desmodur VPKL AG) bïundníngsförhåïïundez C: D = 4: 1 Epuxiharts uv b sfenoï Å och epikïorhydrín (non hydratiscrande) (Becknpox EP 117 Huechst AG) Novuïackhurts (VS 4186, 80% Rütgerswerke) Puntaerytrit Ammuníumpu exp Pü- 30) Muïamín resin (Maprenaï MF 980) Titanium dioxide Trís (dík1oruty1) fnsfuL Meïaminharts (Maprenaï MF 590) Gïasfíbnr (miïïcd Fiber EC-10 S) Harder based on nmíner, po1yamínu ~ amídvr, puïyímid (puïyímid LC, Rütgerswurku) Anhydride hardener (Y, Rütgerswerku) Trisdímvtyïamínufcnuï (dím fl Ly1fLu1uL as plasticizer) Asbestos fiber (Syïndcx 2X) Ananyïcarbumid Glasfíhr fi r (míïïud Eíher EC 18 18,0 3,5 S) 8.4 9.3 6.5 1.8 455 200 18 P A 1 E N T K R A V A flame retardant, foaming coating with an epoxy based adhesive and a foaming, gas releasing and / or chain breaking agent which, at elevated temperature, produces an endothermic reaction with the binder, and / or the bonding agent. It contains at least one hydrophilic, water-emulsifiable epoxy resin and, as a hardener, at least one of a polyamine hardener, a pyramidamine amine hardener, a polycarboxylic acid anhydride hardener or dicyandiamide. 2. Medeï enïigt kravet 1, k ä n n w L e 0 k n a L thereof. that an aqueous emulsion of the hydrophilic epoxy resin and 1 to 40% by weight of water (based on total weight) are used for the binder. 3. A claim according to claim 2, characterized in that the aqueous emuïsion additionally contains organic emuïsins stabilizers which are water- and epoxy-bmpatí- bïa. 4. A claim according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hydrophilic epoxy resin contains bispheno A and / or bispheno F and epichiohydrin. 5. A claim according to claim 4, characterized in that the hydrophilic epoxy resin resin comprises an epoxyhydrin having an epoxy equivalent of 175 to 210 wch and a di- or triglyceride ether of dioids or lucrative carbonate. weight ratio 75 - 95% bindered with 25 ~ 5% glyceride ether. 6. A claim according to claim 5, wherein the amine hardener used is an adduct of a polyamine or a polyamidoamine having at least two amino groups. 455 200 19 7. A medicament according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder contains a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid anhydride which reacts with the epoxy resin at 100 - 300 ° C. Mcdeï cnïigt any of the preceding claims, k ä n n e t e c k n a t thereof. that the solvent contains nitrogen and / or phosphorus and is reduced at 100-600 ° C. 9. A medicament according to claim 8, characterized in that 30 - 70% by weight (based on the total weight of the medic) is used of such an additive1 containing more than 20% by weight of nitrogen and / or phosphorus. 10. A claim according to claim 9, characterized in that at least two liquefaction methods are used whose decomposition temperatures are at least 50 ° C apart. 11. A medicament according to claim 9, characterized in that at least two of the following diluents are used, melamine phosphate, melamine borate, guanidine phosphate, guinyl urea, guanyl carbamide phosphate, N-phenyl-N-carcinophenylene, benzoic acid hydrazide, other organic sulfur compounds and hor compounds with more than 10% boron. A medicament according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a dicyanidiamide phosphate condensation product, a dicyandiamide and / or a guanidine acid are used as the water-foaming antifouling agent. 13. A medicament according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, as a foam-forming but / e11er, 1 amhämmando tiiisatsmedoi, modes such as vaïts bïand aïkaïisiiikat, aïkuiimetasíiikat, aluminímfnnsitriat, aluminum. kiseïgur, starch, pentaerythritis of such substances which at the same time strengthen the forehead, and around the active knee. 455 200 20 A medicament according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a substance which is mixed with meïamín, tyïose "and dioxane is used as the additive stabilizer ouh / eïïcr gas-emitting tiïïsatsmedeï. 15. According to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the epoxy resin-based binder contains a novelty resin having a content of 10 to 40% by weight (based on the epoxy resin). Meduï cnïigt any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder medicament contains funu1 resin modified resins or Phenoï resin. 17. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fibers of gypsum, gypsum, asbestos, graphics, boron, woofram, sLå1 and other temperature-dependent materials are used as fyïïmcdnï. 18. A claim according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 1 to 40% by weight (calculated on the total amount) of diphenylcrycephosphate as a plasticizer and an inhibitor. 19. A fire retardant layer comprising a coating composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that. that the layer element comprises two foam-forming layers (5) formed by the coating material, a barrier layer (4) arranged between the foam-forming layers and possibly additional layers. 20. Skikteïemcnt enïigt claim 19, k ä n n e t e c k n a t thereof. that one foam-forming layer (5) is covered with a surface layer, a barrier layer (4), which is coated with a, cä¿k $ k§ku (6). 455 200 21 21. A layer according to claim 20, characterized in that the cover layer (6) contains epoxide and / or polyurethane. 22. The layer according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that an additional layer (3) is connected to the foam-covered layer (5) via one of the barrier layers (4), and that the additional layer (3) contains non- hydrophilic or non-hydrating epoxy resin. Layer element according to any one of claims 19 - 22, characterized in that the barrier layer (4) contains fibers and / or fibers in heat-expanding inorganic substances, such as g1as ~ artudu constituents. 24. Layers according to any one of claims 19 ~ 23, characterized in that the barrier layers (4) and / or the foam layers (5) contain organic, pyru1yL1sku, water-repellent substances and / or enhancers. 25. SkíkLu1omunt enïígt somewhat of the requirements 19 ~ 24, k ä n n c ~ t e c k n a t thereof, that the barrier layer (4) and / or the foam-bearing skiktnn (5) ínnehåïïer pïuster, such as acrylic- niLri1butadiene. 26. Sk1ktc1cmcnt un1ígt ett eïïcr fïera av kraven 19 ~ 25, k ä n n e L u c k n a t häv, att skäktelementet är fåre- nat med ett, med ett protective shield (2) övcrdraget, konstruk ~ tinnseïement (1) tíïï en byggenhet (7). 27. A method of making a fire retardant layer comprising an element comprising two of a flame retardant coating agent, foam foam layer (5), a mandrel / adhesive barrier layer (4) and optionally an additional layer, the coating comprising a gaseous foam comprising is a chain-breaking 455 200 22 medium which, at elevated temperature, gives an undothermic reaction with the binder, and / or a film medium, characterized in that the binder is formed by a first component containing at least one hydrophilic, water-emulsion and epinephrine. second component such as a hardener containing at least one of a polyamine hardener, a polyamidoamine hardener, a polycarbonic anhydride hardener or dicyandiamide, and that the addition medium is at least partially added to the components before they are bound. A method according to claim 27, characterized in that. that each component already before bïandníngcn inne * håiier respectively tiilsatsmudei and / eiïer Fyiimedeï. 29. A method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the two components, after their preparation, are mixed with other inking foaming agents in particular gia fibers, and applied to the substrate. AI