SE450135B - Cellar wall component connecting piece - Google Patents

Abstract

The building component, partic. for a cellar wall construction, comprises at least one concrete plate, a force-absorbing frame part and a connecting piece (2) between the two. It is also possible for the component to have one or more further layers. The connecting piece comprises zig-zag bent wires, the lower bends of which are attached to the force absorption frame part, whilst the upper bends are cast into the concrete plate. This enables the connecting piece to serve as a force-transmission distance component. The component can also have an insulating layer in sealed connection to the cast plate.

Description

450 135 copper salts are directly toxic and emit gases which are not useful for inhalation. In cases where the concrete elements are used in a residential building, the pressure-impregnated we flflfl zatt will be inside the home. It is also known that one can achieve a very rigid and strong beam or rule construction with life of e.g. fiberboard at a very low price. Examples of such are so-called Masonite beam with fiberboard life and grooves of grooved wood glued together to an I-cross section. These wooden constructions require a lower price due to less material consumption. Attempts have been made to use such a wooden construction instead of homogeneous wooden beams in an element of the type described above.

The experiments have been successful, mainly due to the cracks that have the task of connecting the concrete to the crossbars when slamming into the wooden flanges. Even if the flanges had held, the above-mentioned disadvantage of rot risk remained.

Object of the invention and most important features. The object of this invention is to enable the manufacture of a concrete element which meets the requirements for an element of e.g. type described above and at the same time retains its advantages but not its disadvantages.

Advantages such as rigidity, lightness, freedom of maintenance and other advantages that a concrete element provides over elements of other materials. 450 135 The major disadvantage associated with the above-described elements with rot risk and the effects of the measures with pressure impregnation for the rot risk are not present in the embodiment according to this invention.

Another great advantage is the simplifications in the design and the elimination of certain working steps in the manufacture of a concrete element according to this invention.

If this invention is used as a floor element, it can serve as a distribution route for heated supply air, without the need for any duct routing. Nor are any collecting ducts needed because the floor element allows the hot air to pass in the floor plane in all directions.

The floor can be used if the reflector and the hot air can be let up through adjustable devices at the outer walls and windows, etc., whereby you do not have to be cooled from these. Ventilation can be combined with heat distribution. The construction of the floor enables piping for plumbing and electricity without drilling. Coordination problems between plumbing and woodworkers for ~ disappear.

The thermal insulation together with the hard concrete slab forms an excellent construction from a sound insulation point of view.

The floor has a low natural frequency, which eliminates shaking due to steps.

The force-absorbing part serves as a fastening element for floor material. 450 135 By using the entire floor as a heater, the temperature of the supply air can be lowered, whereby favorable conditions for heat pump operation arise. An important fact from an energy saving point of view. Even though steel itself is a good heat conductor, the heat conduction through the wires becomes considerably smaller than through a wooden rule due to the extremely small cross-sectional area of the wires.

This is less than 2% of the wooden joists. This invention eliminates cold bridges.

The floor element can also be used as a so-called "warm ground" is the house's exhaust air is released under the floor and heats this with the hot air cushion that is formed. The moisture in the exhaust air does not do any damage as the inorganic concrete slab that is laid down is not damaged by mold infestation etc.

Description of the drawings Fig. 1 shows views of an element according to the invention with detail enlargements.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective drawing of an element regarding design and manufacturing method.

Description of exemplary embodiments This object has been solved by performing the stiffening of the concrete slab (1) with a connecting part (2) which also functions as a spacer element between the concrete slab and a force-absorbing frame part (3) which also functions as a fastening element for slab cladding (14). 450 135 The connecting part (2) shall transmit forces, preferably bending shear forces between the concrete slab (1) and the frame part (3). It also provides space for thermal insulation of the element.

The force-absorbing part (3) must absorb tensile or compressive forces due to bending moments. When used as a wall element, the frame part (3) can be used for carrying vertically acting loads. An appropriately selected wall cladding (14) is fastened in joints in the frame part (3).

This invention also provides the possibility of simplified manufacturing methods and manufacturing with very simple tools and with little use of molding material.

Prefabrication of wall elements or floor elements can also be carried out directly on the construction site with this method.

The manufacturing method can also be applied for casting of arches, floor elements or floor elements with a roof function. Where you want to use a large uncut concrete slab to avoid cumbersome seals of these joints.

(I.e. the concrete side is then facing upwards).

In most applications of concrete elements, you want insulation of the concrete slab. Basement exterior wall is heat insulated, as are floors against the open e.g. tak enl. above. If the floor is used as a floor, you want sound insulation e.g. mineral wool as an absorbent.

However, it is not always desired to have insulation in the entire part formed by the connecting part (2) and the frame part (3), but only a layer next to the concrete slab (1). 450 135 If the concrete slab (l) is exposed to cold outdoor air, its temperature is so low that the dew point falls below. If = moist air next to it, moisture precipitates on the concrete slab (l) and can in the worst case cause mold to form. One way to prevent moisture precipitation is to prevent air from entering the concrete slab. This can be arranged if you e.g. casting solid insulation in the concrete.

Examples of suitable insulating materials are polyurethane foam and possibly cellular plastic in sheets.

An example of a method for manufacturing wall or floor elements or in-situ casting of floors according to this invention is given as follows. Figure 2A Power-absorbing frame parts (3) with mounted connecting parts (2) are laid out with the frame parts (3) downwards.

Due to the embodiment of this invention, it is possible to thread bars (II) through the connecting part (2). These bars (II) which are laid directly on the frame part (3) have a height adapted to the thickness of the insulating boards (12). The insulation boards form a subform for casting the concrete slab (1) and are cast into it. The thickness of the studs (11) and the insulating boards (12) is adjusted so that a sufficiently large part of the connecting part (2) is cast into the concrete slab (1).

Used e.g. insulating boards (12) of polyurethane foam which, in addition to having a very large insulating capacity, are also practically airtight and waterproof to the joints (12) and at the connecting part (2) are sealed with e.g. iv joint foam, air is prevented from accessing the concrete slab (1) 450 135 and no moisture can precipitate due to the low temperature of the concrete slab (l). Dew point temperature occurs in the insulation (12).

After casting the concrete slab (l), the joists (ll) can be pulled out of the element and used for new elements or for other purposes.

No special support is referred to with this method, as long as it is possible to direct the force-absorbing parts (3) so that the element does not become skewed.

The only molding material_ needed is around the edges of the element.

The connecting part (2) can be used as a bracket for reinforcement mats for the concrete part (1) and for spacer elements for vibratory bridges when casting the concrete slab (1).

When casting arches or floor elements where you want the concrete slab (1) upwards, the frame part (3), with the connecting part (2) mounted, can be provided with a rebar (10) e.g. welded or nailed to the bends of the connecting part (2), so that a beam element is formed. The beam element is laid out cantilevered possibly with some support underneath.

The bars (II) are threaded across the beam elements, the insulating boards (12) are laid out and sealed if necessary. A sufficient number of crossbars (II) are used to allow the insulating boards (12) to be stepped on if desired. Reinforcement mats are laid out. This is simplified due to previous mounting of the reinforcing bar (10) on the connecting part (2). The concrete slab (1) is cast, arbitrarily large. The studs (ll) can then be pulled out and reused. 450 135 If desired, the element can be further insulated with simpler insulation e.g. mineral wool. The dew point ends up in the polyurethane insulation. Other manufacturing methods are also possible.

An exemplary embodiment of this invention is described in Figure 1. The figure shows the concrete slab (1) with the connecting part (2) here consisting of two steel wires or rods (4) and (5) bent in a zigzag in a plane with alternating right resp. left bends. Equal length of wire between the trestles and the same angle between the trestles gives equal division between right and left. left bucks. Both threads (4) and (5) are bent equally. One or more threads are also conceivable as a connecting part and other bending patterns.

The frame part (3) here consists of two wooden strips (6) and (7) which are glued together. Both strips (6) and (7) are provided with grooves (8) and (9) to make room for the brackets (4) and (5) of the steel wires. The grooves are shaped to provide a good fit and adhesion between steel wire and wood.

The grooves (8) of the strip (6) have a pitch equal to the bends of the steel wire (5). When gluing the strips (6) and (7) together, these are displaced longitudinally by half a pitch (for two threads). The steel wire of the connecting part is automatically displaced by the same amount.

The wires (4) and (5) will then lie next to each other and meet in an X-pattern. A steel wire or rebar (10) can be welded in or threaded through the bends on the steel wires to be cast into the concrete, if this is necessary to provide better anchoring. The number of wires (4) and (5) can be varied depending on the load distribution 450 135 along the stiffener.

The frame part (3) can be reinforced with one or more plate elements (14), with wire nails or staples as connectors, in fixed connection with the frame part (3).

The discs (14) can be placed on the outside of or in the element.

A sealing insulation layer (12) can be cast in the concrete slab (1), whereby temporary or permanent insulation either of a different type or studs (II) can be used as temporary or permanent spacer material.

Another example of a method for manufacturing wall or floor elements or in-situ casting of floors according to this invention is given as follows.

To strengthen the frame part (3) and to be able to reduce the element thickness, a disc (14) is attached, e.g. k-chipboard, in fixed connection with the frame part (3). This can be done after the frame part (3) with mounted connecting part (2), possibly with rebar (10) welded, laid out, with the frame part (3) downwards. The disc is then placed on the frame part between the stiffeners and fastened with e.g. nail.

A layer of insulating material, of suitable thickness and quality, is laid on the frame part and board (14) as a mold or support for a sealing insulating layer with moisture-tight pores.

The concrete slab (1) is cast. The insulation is used here as so-called lost shape and may remain in the element.

The insulation (12) can also be laid directly on the frame part (3) at t.ek. cantilevered floor, where the board is not needed for articulated stiffening of the frame part (3).

Claims (6)

450 135 10 PATENT CLAIMS Building elements, such as wall elements, basement wall elements, floor elements or the like, or as cast-in-place roofs or arches, comprising at least one layer (1) or a slab of concrete or similar cast building material, a force-absorbing frame part (3) and a connecting part (2) therebetween and possibly one or more further layers, characterized in that the connecting part comprises one or more zigzag-bent wire members whose upper bends are molded into the concrete slab (1) and whose lower bends are attached to the force-absorbing the frame part (3), or vice versa, so that the connecting part serves as a force-transmitting spacer and keeps the concrete slab and the force-absorbing frame part at a certain distance from each other. Building element according to Claim 1, known as an insulating layer (12) in a sealing connection with the cast board (1). Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame part (3) has one or more reinforcing plate elements (14) fixedly connected to the frame part. 450 135 ll 4. A method of manufacturing a building element according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the frame part (3) with fixedly connected connecting part (2) comprising one or more zigzag-bent wire members is laid with the frame part downwards on a permanent or temporary base, or alternatively more or less cantilevered for, for example, in-situ casting of a roof or vault, and in that a layer, or several, of insulating material (12), preferably sheets of foam plastic, possibly with moisture-tight pores, are arranged at a distance above, or directly opposite, the frame part at the connecting part to form a bottom in a tight-fitting mold in which the concrete slab (1) is then cast, so that the insulating material is cast to the concrete slab and the upper bends of the zigzag-bent wire members are cast in the concrete slab. 5. A method according to claim 4 for producing a building element, characterized in that means (II), such as bars, ribs, battens or the like, are inserted through the connecting part as temporary support for the mold during its construction and at the subsequent the casting of the concrete slab. A method according to claim 4 for producing a building element, characterized in that a rod or a reinforcing iron (10) is attached to and connects the upper bends in each zigzag-bent wire member while the frame part (3) connects the lower bends, or vice versa.