SE202662C1

SE202662C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE202662C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK B29 b39a1:1/02 - PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 5020/1959 inkom den 27/1959 utlagd den 14/6 196 WACKER-CHEMIE GmBH, M.ONCHEN, FORBUNDSREPUBLIKEN TYSKLAND Sall att plastifiera och gramdera plastmaterial saint anordning had& med roterbar konisk valskropp Upptinnare: M Dortat, J Echart och J Reckmaler Prioritet begard fret( den Vi maj och 5 december 1958 (F5rbundsrepubliken Tyskiand) Vid bearbetning av plastmaterial, sasom polyvinylklorid, polyvinylklorid- blandpolymerisat, polystyren, polymetakrylat, polyvinylacetat etc., foretages vanligen en preliminar gelering eller plastificering samt en formning. Plastificeringen ken genomforas ph olika satt, vanligen medelst en i gummiindustrin anvand valsstol. Darvid infores det pa valsen gelerade materialet dels i fortfarande varmt tillstand i formningsmaskinen, ssaom en sprutmaskin eller en strangpress, dels krossas materialet i kvarnar till granuler och formas darefter i en sarskild arbetsprocess. Da valsstolama aro skrymmande her man trots den pa valsarna uppnadda tillfredsstallande geleringen alltmera Overgatt till bearbetning av granulat, som framstalles i kontinuerligt arbetande maskiner, sO.som dubbelsnacktransportorer, kvadruplesnacktransportrarer etc. Denna arbetsmetod medfor avsevarda nackdelar. Salunda maste de kalla granulerna for formning aterigen uppvarmas till den temperatur, vid vilken de overga till det plastiska tillstandet. Detta liar vid strangpressarna fort till, att alit langre snackor och olika kompressioner maste anvandas i snackorna alit efter sammansattningen av det material, som skall sprutas. Dessutom pakannes materialet avsevart termiskt genom uppvarmningen. Det är aven kant, att man for erhallandet av toppkvaliteter ofta vid stOrre dimensioner foredrar den gamla arbetsmetoden med valsstol och omedelbar pafyllfling av det fortfarande varnia materialet i sprutmaskinen. CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH B29 b39a1: 1/02 - PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 5020/1959 was received on 27/1959 published on 14/6 196 WACKER-CHEMIE GmBH, M.ONCHEN, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Room to plasticize and gram plastic material saint device had & with rotatable conical roller body Explorer: M Dortat, J Echart and J Reckmaler Priority May (May 5 and December 5, 1958) (Federal Republic of Germany) In the processing of plastic materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride blend polymers, polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, etc., a preliminary gelation or plasticization is usually carried out by molding. The material gelled on the roll is introduced into the forming machine in a still hot state, such as a spraying machine or an extruder, and the material is crushed in grinders into granules and then formed in a special working process. here, in spite of the satisfactory gelatin obtained on the rollers gen increasingly Overgatt for processing granules, which are produced in continuously operating machines, such as double-talk conveyors, quadruple-talk conveyors, etc. This working method entails considerable disadvantages. Thus, the cold granules for molding must be reheated to the temperature at which they transition to the plastic state. In the case of the extruders, this quickly leads to the fact that longer tongues and different compressions must be used in the tongs alit after the composition of the material to be sprayed. In addition, the material is considerably thermally packed by the heating. It is also an edge that, in order to obtain top qualities, the larger working method is often preferred over larger dimensions with a roller chair and immediate filling of the still varnished material in the sprayer.

Det är aven kant, att koppla sprutmaskinen Dupl. kl. 39 al: 1/04 omedelbart efter en kontinuerligt arbetande geleringsmaskin fOr formning av det fortfaran_de varrna plastmaterialet och for dess grannlering. I detta fall anvander man emellertid tva aggregat, vilka utgora skrymmande kon7 struktioner. It is also edge, to connect the sprayer Dupl. at 39 al: 1/04 immediately after a continuous gelling machine for forming the still plastic material and for its granulation. In this case, however, two units are used, which constitute bulky constructions.

Vidare är det kant att anbringa vakuum vid vissa stallen for hortsugning av materialei. Darvid kan bortsugningen end ast utforas vid dessa stallen, dvs. i begransade zoner, sa att ej hela ytan pa materialet paverkas av vakuuth trots att olika bortsugningsstallen finnas. Dessutom forefinnes risken IfOr tilltappning av bortsugningskanalerna. Furthermore, it is advisable to apply vacuum at certain stalls for suction of material. In this case, the suction can only be carried out at these stables, ie. in limited zones, so that not the entire surface of the material is affected by vacuum, despite the fact that there are different suction places. In addition, there is the risk of clogging the suction ducts.

Uppfinningen avser ett satt och en anordning for formning och granulering av plastmaterial medelst tryck och varme. Vid detta satt overfores materialet till formen av eu slang, som sonderrives genom utvidgning och friktion mellan en stationar och en roterande yta i plastifieeringsapparaten varefter de bildade fibrerna valkas och hoptvinnas till strangar. The invention relates to a set and a device for forming and granulating plastic material by means of pressure and heat. In this case, the material is transferred to the form of a hose, which is probed by expansion and friction between a stationary and a rotating surface in the plasticizer, after which the formed fibers are rolled and twisted into strands.

Enligt uppfinningen Overfores det gelerade materialet via en forlangning av en ringspalt i plastificeringsapparaten under vakuum in i en utpressningssnacka och utpressas ur en vid snackans ande anbragt munstycksplatta i form av profiler, slangar eller granuler. According to the invention, the gelled material is transferred via an extension of an annular gap in the plasticizer under vacuum into an extruder nozzle and is extruded from a nozzle plate arranged at the spirit of the nozzle in the form of profiles, hoses or granules.

Vid anordningen for genomforande av sattet enligt uppfinningen med hjalp av en roterbar, konisk valskropp och en valskroppen med bildande av en ringspalt omgivande och med valskroppen i huvudsak koaxiell stationar ihâ hg kropp samt med anordningar for inf8ran- 2 de av materialet i spalten är den koniska valskroppen forsedd med en forlangning med uttag for vakuum, vid vilken forlangning en i en cylinder roterande snacka är centralt fast, vid vars utmatningsande är anbragt en munstycksplatta (I) for det utpressade materialet och är den den koniska valskroppen omgivande ihaliga kroppen a.venledes forsedd med eii forlangning. In the device for carrying out the set according to the invention with the aid of a rotatable, conical roller body and a roller body with the formation of an annular gap surrounding and with the roller body substantially coaxial stations in the body and with devices for introducing the material into the gap, the conical the roller body is provided with an extension with a socket for vacuum, at which extension a spoke rotating in a cylinder is centrally fixed, at the discharge end of which a nozzle plate (I) for the extruded material is arranged and the hollow body surrounding the conical roller body is also provided with eii demand.

Vid sattet och anordningen enligt uppfinningen intrader materialet salunda i form av strangar via forlangningsdelen lost i snackan och kommer ej i beroring med bortsugningsstallet. Dessutom kan vakuumet i geleringszonen inverka pa den alltid fornyade ytan under knadnings- och vridningsprocessen. Mimed erhalles m8jligheten, att ett utmed hela rummet verksamt vakuum forefinnes vid formning och granulering av plastiskt material. In the set and the device according to the invention, the material thus enters in the form of strands via the extension part loosened in the snack and does not come into contact with the suction stable. In addition, the vacuum in the gelation zone can affect the always renewed surface during the kneading and twisting process. This gives the possibility that a vacuum acting throughout the room is present when forming and granulating plastic material.

Forlangningen kan uppvisa samma lutningsvinkel som den konformiga valsytan, men med god effekt kan denna forlangning aven vara utbildad pa annat satt, t. ex. med formen av en cylinder. Lutningen av forlangningen av yttermanteln stracker sig parallellt med forlangningen av den inre valsytan. Deana forlangning av yttermanteln strdcker sig emellertid ej utmed hela periferin, sasom sektionen A—A visar, enar for anbringandet av en avklippningsanordning, t. ex. av en skrapa eller en kniv, ovanfor forlangningen av den inre valsytan forefinnes ett fritt utrymme. Eventuellt kunna de hada forlangningselementen uppvarmas eller nedkylas. Detta kan t. ex. genomforas medelst en angmantel, som aven kan anvandas som kylmantel. The demand can have the same angle of inclination as the conical roller surface, but with good effect this demand can also be formed in another way, e.g. with the shape of a cylinder. The inclination of the length of the outer jacket extends parallel to the length of the inner roller surface. However, this extension of the outer jacket does not extend along the entire periphery, as sections A-A show, for the application of a cutting device, e.g. of a scraper or a knife, above the demand of the inner roller surface there is a free space. Optionally, the hated extension elements can be heated or cooled. This can e.g. is carried out by means of a steam jacket, which can also be used as a cooling jacket.

Utpressningsmunstycket eller utpressningshalplattan är utbildad alit after den onskade formen av produkten. For att Oka matningseffekten är snackan forsedd med en inre urborrning, medelst vilken snackan kan uppvarmas eller nedkylas. Samna effekt kan aven uppnds genom uppvarmning eller nedkylning av den snack= inneslutande cylindern. Anordningen kan vara utbildad pa sadant satt, att snackan medelst kanda organ, t. ex. utvaxlingsanordningar, erhaller ett onskat varvtal. The squeezing nozzle or squeezing half plate is trained alit according to the desired shape of the product. In order to increase the feeding effect, the snack is provided with an internal bore, by means of which the snack can be heated or cooled. The same effect can also be achieved by heating or cooling the snack = enclosing cylinder. The device can be trained in such a way that the snack by means of known means, e.g. gearing devices, obtain a desired speed.

Anordningens arbetssatt kommer att forklaras med hanvisning till bifogade ritningar. Fig. 1 visar en anordning i la.ngdsektion, fig. 2 är en tvarsektion enligt A—A i fig. 1, och fig. 3 visar en annan utforingsform. The operation of the device will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows a device in longitudinal section, Fig. 2 is a cross section according to A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows another embodiment.

Plastmaterialet, t. ex. polyvinylklorid, som ur den forlangda valsspalten E hos plastificeringsapparaten uttrader i form av en strang i prelimindrt geleartat tillstand med eller utan mjukgoringstillsats, avskiljes vid den hogsta punkten pa den horisontellt anordnade rotorn medelst lampliga organ (t. ex. skraporgan F) och faller ned i den omedelbart nedanfor anordnade snackan H. Denna matar materialet cylindern G frainat, pressar det genom det vid cylinderns uttradesande anbragta munstycket eller halplattan J och formar materialet till profiler, slangar etc. Det genom halplattan pressade materialet kan emellertid aven granuleras medelst roterande knivar. En fordel med denna metod Or, att formningen och granuleringen av plastmaterial med pulverformiga eller pastaformiga blandningar som utgangsmaterial sker med utnyttjandet av det redan alstrade varmet. Darvid utforas emellertid tva olika arbetsprocesser samtidigt, namligen en kontinuerlig gelering och formningen eller granuleringen medelst snackan. Ytterligare en fordel Or, att anordningens snacka Or oberoende av en. viss form for kompressionen, som fordras vid olika materialier has de kanda anordningarna, sasom sprutpressar, dubbelsnaekpressar etc.. enar det material, som skall granuleras eller formas redan fullstandigt plastiskt tillstand intrader i snackans gangor. Den beskrivna anordningen ut- vidare en avsevart teknisk forenkling i forhallande till de kanda apparaterna. The plastic material, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, which emerges from the required roll column E of the plasticizer in the form of a strand in a preliminary gelled state with or without plasticizer, is separated at the highest point on the horizontally arranged rotor by means of lamp members (e.g. scraper means F) and falls into the snack H. arranged immediately below. This material feeds the cylinder G frained, presses it through the nozzle or half-plate J arranged at the exit of the cylinder and forms the material into profiles, hoses, etc. However, the material pressed through the half-plate can also be granulated by means of rotating knives. An advantage of this method Or, that the forming and granulation of plastic material with powdered or pasty mixtures as starting material takes place with the use of the heat already generated. In this case, however, two different work processes are carried out simultaneously, namely a continuous gelation and the shaping or granulation by means of the snack. Another advantage Or, that the device's talk Or independently of one. some form of compression required for different materials has the known devices, such as injection molding presses, double screw presses, etc .. the material to be granulated or formed already completely plastic state enters the passages of the snack. The described device further extends a considerable technical simplification in relation to the known devices.

Anordningen mojliggor dessutom ett enkeTt salt for formning och granulering av plastmaterial, varvid det gelerade materialet via en forlangning overfores i en utpressningssnacka. The device also enables a simple salt for forming and granulating plastic material, whereby the gelled material is transferred via a demand into an extruder.

Pet vid bearbetning till hogre temperaturer uppvarmda materialet innehaller ofta flyktiga uppmjukningsangor, innesluten luft, genom reaktion bildade gaser eller fuktigb et, vilka vid den fardiga produkten, sarskilt hos hOgspanningskablar, kunna vara menliga. Maskiner, sdrskilt sndckpressar, Oro kanda, vid vilka dessa flyktiga substanser bortsugas medelst vakuum. Detta alstras antingen genom bortsugning via urborrningar i sndekans axel eller via oppningar i cylindern. Konstruktionen av dessa maskiner medfor alltid att det alstrade vakuumet Or verksamt endast i ett litet utrymme; namhda flyktiga bestandsdelar kunna darfor i manga fall icke fullstandigt avlagsnas. The material heated during processing to higher temperatures often contains volatile softening vapors, entrapped air, gases formed by reaction or moisture, which in the finished product, especially in high voltage cables, can be harmful. Machines, in particular suction presses, Oro kanda, in which these volatile substances are sucked out by means of a vacuum. This is generated either by suction via bores in the shaft of the snow pit or via openings in the cylinder. The construction of these machines always means that the generated vacuum Or operates only in a small space; Namely volatile constituents can therefore in many cases not be completely eliminated.

Detta kan emellertid fullstandigt ske, om den prelimindra geleringen samt overforingen av massan via forlangningarna till utpressningssnackan sker under vakuum. Darvid blir vakuumet effektivt dessutom langt in i galeringsrummet i den framforkopplade gelerings anordningen. Geleringsmaterialets i delta rum roterande stranger valkas pa detta salt intensivt fortfarande i vakuum. Under det att massan has de kanda metoderna i vakuumzonen endast frammatas i expanderat tillstand, Or den principiella skillnaden mellan den beskrivna metoden och de kanda metoderna, att vakuumverkan ph det plastiska materialet sker 3 iiven under en del av geleringsprocessen med kraftig valkning, varvid materialets yta genom rotationsprocessen kontinuerligt fornyas. However, this can be done completely, if the preliminary gelation as well as the transfer of the pulp via the requests to the extruder talk takes place under vacuum. In addition, the vacuum is effectively far into the galging space in the ballast gelling device. The rotating strands of the gelling material in delta rooms are intensively selected on this salt still in vacuum. While the pulp has the known methods in the vacuum zone, it is fed only in an expanded state, or the principal difference between the described method and the known methods, that the vacuum action of the plastic material takes place during a part of the gelation process with strong rolling, the surface of the material through the rotation process is continuously renewed.

Forfaringssattet genomfores i en anordning enligt fig. 3 ph fdljande satt: Materialet plastificeras i geleringsrummet mellan rotorn 7 och yttermanteln 8, varvid materialet uppdelas till strangar vid rotorns utvidgade dude. Strangarna intrada vid forldngningsdelen 5 i snackans 3 inmatningsrum, sedan de ha avskurits medelst kniven 14. Till fiiljd av den gastata forbindelsen mellan snackans 3 cylinder och forldngningen 12 av plastificeringsdelens yttermantel 8 kan forlangningsdelen 5 och snackans inmatningsdel via stutsen 13 sattas under vakuum. Detta vakuum kan verka bakat in i geleringsrummet till det ställe, vid vilket uppdelningen av geleringsmaterialet till strangar borjar. Det for vakuum utsatta rum-met tatas utat dels genom utmatningsmassan i snackan och dels genom den annu icke i strangar uppdelade massan i geleringsrummet samt genom axelns tatning 9 vid huvudaxelns lager. The process set is carried out in a device according to Fig. 3 as follows: The material is plasticized in the gelation space between the rotor 7 and the outer jacket 8, the material being divided into strands at the expanded dude of the rotor. The strands enter at the extension part 5 in the feed space of the snack 3, after they have been cut off by means of the knife 14. Due to the gas connection between the cylinder 3 of the snack and the extension 12 of the outer jacket 8 of the plasticizing part, the extension part 5 and the feed feed part via the nozzle 13 can be vacuumed. This vacuum can appear to be baked into the gelling chamber to the point at which the division of the gelling material into strands begins. The vacuum-exposed space is taken out partly through the discharge mass in the snack and partly through the mass not yet divided into strands in the gelation space and through the shaft 9 at the main shaft bearing.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Salt for forming and granulating plastic material by pressure and heat, the material being transferred to the form of a hose which is probed by expansion and friction between a stationary and a rotating surface of the plasticizer, after which the formed fibers are rolled and twisted into strands, ddray, that the gelled material via an elongation of the stationary and rotating surface formed by elongation of an annular gap in the plasticizer under vacuum dverfOres into an extruded screw or "extruded from a nozzle plate applied to the snake dude in the form of profiles, hoses or granules.

Device for air forming and granulating plastic material by means of the set according to claim 1 with the aid of a rotatable conical roller body and a. the roller body with forming air a ring gap surrounding and with the roller body mainly coaxial stations hollow body and with devices for inserting the material into the gap, characterized in that the conical roller body (7) is provided with an extension (5) yid which has recesses (13). ) for vacuum an extension in a cylinder (G, 2) rotating spoke (H, 3) is centrally fixed, at the outlet of March a nozzle plate (I) is arranged for the extruded material and that the conical body or jacket surrounding the conical roller body ( 8) dr is also provided with an extension (12).

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the requirements have a slight inclination angle as the conical roller surface or an arbitrary inclination angle in relation thereto and that they are provided with heating and cooling notes.

Device according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the extension of said solid body extends only along a part of its periphery.

Device according to patent claims 2-4, characterized in that the sink (H, 3) is provided with heating and cooling devices.

Device according to claims 2-4, characterized in that a cutting device (F) is arranged in the space between the inner demand and the outer demand Ar extending only along a part of the entire periphery.

7. Device according to patent claims 2-6, characterized in that a seal (9) is arranged at the bearing for the main shaft of the plasticizer. References published: U.S. Patent Nos. 1,156,096.