SE187780C1

SE187780C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE187780C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: W Sohst Prioritet begard frem den 10 november 1958 (Ftirbundsrepubliken Tysktand) Foreliggande uppfinning avser en apparat for inriktning av kameror, kikare, vapen och andra apparater i mOrker medelst ljuspunkt, mbrkt och ljust falt vid samtidig matning av avstand och under anvandning av synligt eller osynligt ljus, varvid man vid anvandning av relativt svaga ljuskallor erhaller tillrackligt starka effekter. Inventor: W Sohst Priority requested on November 10, 1958 (Federal Republic of Germany) The present invention relates to an apparatus for focusing cameras, binoculars, weapons and other apparatus in the dark by means of light spot, dark and light field while simultaneously feeding distance and using visible or invisible light, whereby when using relatively weak light sources sufficiently strong effects are obtained.

I morker är inriktningen av kameror, kikare eller vapen eller liknande apparater mot en bestamd punkt forenad med avsevarda svarigheter. Svarigheterna forstoras, nar det ifragavarande foremalet f8rst maste sOkas. Svarigheter foreligga aven, nar foremMet skall belysas medelst en ljuskalla, exempelvis en stealkastare, eftersom streckmarkeringarna i en sakarkikare avteeknas otillrackligt mot det belysta foremalet. Svarigheterna overvinnas icke darigenom, att streckmarkeringarna pa tidigare kant satt belysas, eftersom namligen genom denna belysning Ogats ljusanpassningsformaga stares och foremalets identifierbarhet minskas. Apparater aro kanda, som projicera streckmarkeringarna pa foremalet, och aven sadana apparater, som projicera glodspiraler i en ljuskalla Mom ett ljusfalt pa f oremalet. Dylika apparater kunna icke komma till anvandning i praktiken, eftersom projicerade streekmarkeringar icke aro synliga pa ett m8rkt foremal och eftersom en projicerad ljuspunkt Mom ett denna omgivande ljusfalt icke I tillracklig grad avtecknas mot detta, icke ens nar detta ljusfalt kraftigt f8rsvagas, varvid andamalet med ljusfaltet, namligen att soka foremalet, knappast uppfylles. Svarigheterna okas dessutom, nar det är erforderligt med ett osynligt inriktande, exempelvis med infrarott ljus, och med bildomkastare (-omvandlare). In the dark, the direction of cameras, binoculars or weapons or similar devices towards a specific point is united by considerable similarities. The responsibilities are magnified when the object in question must first be sought. Responsibilities also exist when the object is to be illuminated by means of a candlestick, for example a steal thrower, since the line markings in a case file are insufficiently marked against the illuminated object. The difficulties are not overcome by the fact that the bar markings on the former edge are illuminated, because through this illumination Ogat's light adaptation shape is starved and the object's identifiability is reduced. Devices are known as projecting the line markings on the object, and also such devices as projecting coils of light in a light-cold Mom a light field on the object. Such devices cannot be used in practice, because projected stripe markings are not visible on a dark object and because a projected point of light with this ambient light field is not sufficiently marked against it, not even when this light field is greatly attenuated, whereby the spirit of the light field , namely to soak the form, is hardly fulfilled. The responsibilities are also increased when an invisible focus is required, for example with infrared light, and with image converters.

Den i det fOljande beskrivna uppfinningen, vilken narmare bestamt hanfor sig till en an- Dupl. kl. 42 c: 39/ ordning for riktning av kameror, kikare, vapen och liknande apparater i marker medelst synliga eller osynliga (infraroda) stralar, na8jliggor icke endast ett snabbt och bekvamt inriktande utan irritation av ogat, utan genom sin enkelhet erfordrar den endast ett fatal tekniska anordningar och en ringa ljuseffekt. Anordningen enligt uppfinningen kannetecknas for uppnaende av dessa andamal darigenom, att de fran en ljuskalla utgaende stralarna bringas att passera genom en ringkondensor och ett objektiv, varjamte for avbildning av ljuskallan pa malet tjanar endast objektivet och de genom ringkortdensorn och objektivet brutna stralarna tjana for alstrande av ett ljusfalt pa malet och att den inre kanten eller en overtackning pa ringkondensorn är anordnad att alstra ett morkt falt mellan den avbildade ljuspunkten och det ljusa faltet pa ma-let. Apparaten enligt uppfinningen ar lamplig for riktning saval i synligt som osynligt, infrarott ljus. Det senare forfarandet kan komma till anvandning i forbindelse med en bildomvandlare, som ar fOrenad med apparaten men som aven kan vara skild fran denna, t. ex. i form air glasogon framfor riktarens ogon. The invention described in the following, which more specifically determined him for an an- Dupl. at 42 c: 39 / arrangement for directing cameras, binoculars, weapons and similar devices in the ground by means of visible or invisible (infrared) rays, not only provides a quick and convenient alignment without irritation of the eye, but by its simplicity it requires only a fatal technical devices and a slight light effect. The device according to the invention can be characterized for achieving these purposes in that the beams emanating from a light source are passed through a ring condenser and a lens, whereas for imaging the light source on the target only the lens and the beams broken by the ring card capacitor and the lens serve to generate a light field on the target and that the inner edge or a covering on the ring capacitor is arranged to generate a dark field between the imaged light point and the light field on the target. The apparatus according to the invention is suitable for directing both in visible and invisible, infrared light. The latter method may be used in connection with an image converter which is associated with the apparatus but which may also be separate therefrom, e.g. in the form of an air spectacle in front of the director's eyes.

Sasom kant erfordrar ett efter morker anpassat oga endast ringa ljusstyrka for att kunna identifiera foremhl. En ljusflack avtecknar sig i m8rkret mycket klart fran sin omgivning, aven nar den dr air mycket ringa intensitet, dvs. nar den uppgar exempelvis till ljusstyrkan hos fullmanen, dvs. cirka 1/5 lx. Identifierbarheten forbattras i avsevard grad, nar denna ljusflack skarpt avgransas gentemot det omgivande, morka faltet. En sadan ljusflack är alltsâ lamplig for att med storsta tankbara noggrannhet omstrala vilken som heist punkt pa ett fOremal. Den lampar sig daremot jute for att visa, faststalla eller soka upp ett foremals begransningslinjer. For dessa andamal 2— — erfordras ett speciellt ljusfalt med storre utbredning, som svarar mot kraven vid saning. Eftersom emellertid en ljuspunkt inom ett ljusfalt joke tillrdckligt avteeknas, nd.r dess ljustathet dr avsevart storre An ljusfaltets ljustdthet, dr det nodvandigt att skilja ljuspunkten frail ljusfaltet genom en omgivande, mark zon. Forst darigenom erhalles tillracklig kontrast och loses problemet att sOka upp fOremal i marker och att snabbt och noggrant inrikta en av dess punkter. As an edge, an eye adapted to darkness requires only low brightness in order to be able to identify objects. A light flake is very clearly visible in the dark from its surroundings, even when it draws air at very low intensity, ie. when it amounts, for example, to the brightness of the full man, ie. about 1/5 lx. Identifiability is greatly improved when this patch of light is sharply delineated against the surrounding, dark field. Such a light surface is thus suitable for radiating with the greatest possible accuracy any high point on an object. On the other hand, it lights up jute to show, determine or search for a forum's boundary lines. For these purposes 2— - a special light field with a larger spread is required, which meets the requirements for sanitation. However, since a point of light within a light-field joke is sufficiently delineated, when its brightness is considerably greater than the brightness of the light-field, it is necessary to distinguish the light-point from the light-field through a surrounding, ground zone. Firstly, this provides sufficient contrast and solves the problem of searching for objects in the ground and of quickly and accurately aligning one of its points.

Anordning enligt foreliggande uppfinning erfordrar exempelvis fOr rdekvidder av 30----50 in endast ljuseffekter hos en ficklampa, dvs. ca 1-3 W, for 100 in ea 10 W och for ea 600 m endast ea 150 W. Device according to the present invention requires, for example, for radii of magnitude of 30 ---- 50 in only light effects of a flashlight, i.e. ca 1-3 W, for 100 in ea 10 W och for ea 600 m only ea 150 W.

Till fOljd av silt handhavande och sin konstruktion minskas funktionen hos apparaten endast i ringa grad genom regn, snobyar och Id.tt dinuna, och av ett med regn belagt eller immigt objektiv begransar endast rackvidden. Due to silt handling and its construction, the function of the device is reduced only to a small extent by rain, snow villages and Id.tt dinuna, and by a rain-coated or misty lens, only the rack width is limited.

Del for sokning avsedda ljusfaltet kan yam runt eller rektanguldrt allt efler omstandigheterna, och inom delta kunna vara anordnade ytterligare streck- eller ledmarken. Part of the light field intended for search can be round or rectangular depending on the circumstances, and within the delta additional strip or joint ground can be arranged.

Det Ar aven mOjligt att utnyttja objektivet i en kamera, en kikare eller en malkikare eller ett annat for riktning avsett optiskt instrument som projektionsobjektiv ddrigenom, att ljuskallan inspeglas i stralgangen medelst sin optiska anordning genom en glasplatta eller en delvis Mrsilvrad dubbelprisma. Harigenom uppnas pa enkelt sd.tt parallaxfri Overensstammelse. Storleken av ljuspunkten, den morka zonen och ljusfaltet kunna Andras Mom Mrhallandevis vida granser genom vat av de optiska hjalpmedlen. It is also possible to use the lens in a camera, binoculars or binoculars or other directional optical instrument as a projection objective in that the light source is reflected in the beam through its optical device through a glass plate or a partially silver-plated double prism. In this way, a parallax-free agreement is achieved in a simple way. The size of the point of light, the dark zone and the light field can Andras Mom Mrhallandevis wide boundaries through the water of the optical aids.

Vid anvandning av apparaten pa kameror med Tang brannvidd, vilkas objektiv limo synnerligen kansliga med avseende pa avstiindsinstallning och Oven i manga andra fall kan del Tara onskvart att mata avstandet till dot hulk-fade fOremalet. Genom komplelicring av apparaten med en eller tvd. hjalpanordningar men utan kondensor eller spegel kan denna utformas som en basavstandsmatare med vandrande ljuspunkter. Harvid anvandes fOr alstring av de vandrande ljuspunkterna huvudanordningens ljuskalla, varvid Oven i ogonblicket Mr ljuspunkternas tackling astadkommes en avsevard fOrstarkning av huvudljuspunkten, vilket dr en fordel med tanke pa matningen. Pa den bifogade ritningen visas ieke endast nagra utfOringsexempel pa Oct speciella organet for uppndende av den ovan beskrivna effekten utan Oven de dessutom erhallna mOjligheterna fOr utformning och utvidgning av huvudandamalet. SO t. ex. visas i sidovy utrustandet med ett teleobjektiv, varvid telenegativet kan anvandas for justering av apparaten och kompletteringen utfores med en andra anordning, som kommer till anvandning for mat-fling ay aystandet. When using the device on cameras with Tang focal lengths, the objective limo of which is particularly probable with respect to distance installation and In many other cases, part Tara may be reluctant to measure the distance to the soaked object. By complicating the device with one or two. auxiliary devices but without a condenser or mirror, this can be designed as a base distance feeder with traveling light points. In this case, the light source of the main device is used for generating the traveling light points, whereby at the moment the tack of the light points is achieved, a considerable strengthening of the main light point is achieved, which is an advantage in terms of supply. The accompanying drawing does not show only some exemplary embodiments of the special device for achieving the effect described above, but also the possibilities obtained for the design and expansion of the main object. SO e.g. is shown in side view the equipment with a telephoto lens, whereby the telephoto negative can be used for adjusting the apparatus and the supplementation is carried out with a second device, which comes into use for food flaking at the stand.

Fig. 1 dr en sidovy av en forsta utfOrings form av anordningen enligt foreliggande uppfinning, och fig. 2 visar en modifikation av densamma. I fig. 35 visas ytterligare utfO- ringsformer av uppfinningen, varvid anordningen forsetts med kompletterande anordningar. Fig. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of the device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a modification thereof. Fig. 35 shows further embodiments of the invention, the device being continued with complementary devices.

Enligt fig. 1 ar framfor en ljuskalla 1 anordnad en ringkondensor 3, vars baksida Or fOrsedd med godtyckliga streekmarkeringar 2 och dess bOjda yta Or forsedd med en med baksidan planparallell yta 4. Framfor denna be-'Inner sig objektivet 5. Ringkondensorn 3 kan besta av tva eller flora linser med planparallella ytor. Den med linsens 5 baksida planparallella ytan 4 kan ersattas med en motsvarande negativ slipning, som tillsammans med objektivet bildar ett telesystem. According to Fig. 1, a ring capacitor 3 is arranged in front of a light source 1, the rear side of which is provided with arbitrary stripe markings 2 and its curved surface Or is provided with a plane parallel to the rear side 4. In front of this is the lens 5. The ring capacitor 3 can consist of two or flora lenses with plane-parallel surfaces. The plane-parallel surface 4 with the back of the lens 5 can be replaced by a corresponding negative grinding, which together with the lens forms a telecommunication system.

Ljuskallan 1 avbildas [Or dot forsta genom den icke brytande ytan 4 pa objektivet 5 direkt son) en mot brannvidden av objektivet 5 svarande ljnspunkt 6. Dessutom avbildas samma ljuskalla 1 indirekt rid motsvarande loge av ringkondensorn 3 som ett mot form och storlek samt brdnnvidd av objektivet 5 svarande ljusfult 9, varvid streekmarkeringarna 2 upptrada som en bud 7 Mom ljusfaltet 9. Den ieke brytande ytan 4 pa ringkondensorn 3 avbildas som en koneentrisk kring ljuspunkten 6 anordnad, mork zon 8. The light source 1 is imaged [Or dot first through the non-refractive surface 4 of the lens 5 directly son) an eye point 6 corresponding to the focal length of the lens 5 In addition, the same light source 1 is imaged indirectly in the corresponding lodge of the ring capacitor 3 as a shape and size the lens 5 corresponding to the light field 9, the stripe markings 2 appearing as a message 7 The light field 9. The non-refracting surface 4 of the ring capacitor 3 is depicted as a cone concentric arranged around the light point 6, dark zone 8.

Enligt fig. 2 har ringkondensorn ersatts med en konkav spegel 10 med ett hal eller en tackt del 11, vilken spegel 10 anordnats bakom lam-pan 1. Den konkava spegeln kan pa sin framre sida vara fOrsedd med streckmarkeringar 2. Ljusfaltets 9 yttre form kan utformas genom motsvarartde tillskdrning av den konkava spegeln 10. Verkan av donna kombination Or densamma som enligt fig. 1. According to Fig. 2, the ring capacitor has been replaced with a concave mirror 10 with a hollow or a toothed part 11, which mirror 10 is arranged behind the lamp 1. The concave mirror can on its front side be provided with line markings 2. The outer shape of the light field 9 can formed by corresponding addition of the concave mirror 10. Effect of donna combination Or the same as according to Fig. 1.

Anordningen enligt fig. 1 eller 2 anvandes enligt fig. 3 tillsammans used en planparallell, delvis forsilvrad glasplatta 12 eller en dubbelprisma 13 for inspegling av ljusstralen i den optiska axeln av en kikare, en kamera eller annat optiskt instrument, varvid dot till denna anordning harande objektivet 5 anvandes som avbildande objektiv. I denna figur ha antytts olika anyundningsdndamal genom ett kikarokular 14, ett fotografiskt staid 15 och en bildoinvandlare 16. I senare fallet anbringas ett infrarott filter framfor objektivet 5 eller framfOr lampan. Det infrarOda filtret 17 liar antytts i olika Ifigen. The device according to Fig. 1 or 2 was used according to Fig. 3 together used a plane-parallel, partially silver-plated glass plate 12 or a double prism 13 for mirroring the light beam in the optical axis of a pair of binoculars, a camera or other optical instrument, the dot of this device having the lens 5 was used as the imaging lens. In this figure, various illumination features have been indicated by a binocular eyepiece 14, a photographic stand 15 and an image converter 16. In the latter case, an infrared filter is applied in front of the lens 5 or in front of the lamp. The infrared filter 17 is indicated in various Ifigen.

Objektivet 5 har enligt fig. 4 medelst en konkav lins 18 (negativt system) kompletterats till ett teleobjektiv. Telenegativet 18 kan besta av en eller tva frail varandra skilda anordningar. Forntom en forkortning av apparaten kan man harigenom medelst en forflyttning av den konkava linsen 18 pA den optiska axeln pa i och for sig Mint salt astadkomma objektivets axellage utan att anordningens langd maste Andras. Vidare kan Oven genom fOrskjutning i sidled eller hOjdled tvars mot den optiska axeln den av anordningen 1, 2 -- —3 resp. 1, 18 alstrade ljuspunkten 6 forskjutas i sidled och hojdled. Detta forhallande kan anvandas for att bringa det fast anordnade riktinstrumentet utan mekaniska forskjutningsanordningar, dvs. endast pa optisk Vag, till overensstammelse med en Onskad optisk axel eller malaxel. According to Fig. 4, the lens 5 has been supplemented by means of a concave lens 18 (negative system) into a telephoto lens. The teleegative 18 may consist of one or two distinct devices. By means of a shortening of the apparatus, it is hereby possible by means of a movement of the concave lens 18 on the optical axis on itself Mint salt to achieve the axis of the lens without the length of the device having to be different. Furthermore, the Oven can by lateral or lateral displacement across the optical axis be that of the device 1, 2 - —3 resp. 1, 18 generated light point 6 is displaced laterally and vertically. This ratio can be used to bring the fixedly directed directional instrument without mechanical displacement devices, i.e. only on optical Vag, in accordance with an Injured optical axis or malaxel.

Enligt fig. 5 ãr den visade anordningen forsedd med en kompletterande anordning for avstandsmatning. Medelst lampan 1 i en anordning enligt fig. 1 eller 2 genomlyses en andra projektionsanordning 5, 18, som icke uppvisar nagon kondensor eller spegel och som via en vinkelspegel 19 alstrar en andra ljuspunkt 22 i huvudanordningens riktning. Vinkelspegeln 19 ar svangbar och med denna kan ljuspunkten 22 bringas att tacka huvudanordningens ljuspunkt 6. Vridningen av vinkelspegeln 19 sker pa i och for sig kant salt me-deist en mattrumma 21, som anger avstandet i meter. Ljuspunktens 22 f8rskjutning kan emellertid aven vid fast vinkelspegel 19 ske genom forskjutning av telenegativet 18 eller forskjutning av huvudanordningen tvars mot den optiska axeln. Mattrumman eller skalan kan belysas medelst spegeln 20 genom fran lampan 1 erhallet ljus. Matanordningen kan aven vara sit anordnad, att genom en ytterligare andra mittemot belagen hjalpanordning erhallas tvit ljuspunkter pit hada sidor om huvudljuspunkten, vilka vandra i riktning mot den senare och tackas samtidigt med denna. Vidare forstarkes i avsevard grad ljusstyrkan i huvudljuspunkten 6 genom anordnandet av en eller tva sidoanordningar i det ogonblick, i vilket ljuspunkterna tacka varandra. According to Fig. 5, the device shown is provided with a supplementary device for distance feeding. By means of the lamp 1 in a device according to Fig. 1 or 2, a second projection device 5, 18 is illuminated, which does not have a condenser or mirror and which, via an angle mirror 19, generates a second light point 22 in the direction of the main device. The angle mirror 19 is pivotable and with this the light point 22 can be made to thank the light point 6 of the main device. The rotation of the angle mirror 19 takes place on a per se edge of salt with a mat drum 21, which indicates the distance in meters. However, the displacement of the light point 22 can also take place at a fixed angle mirror 19 by displacing the telegram 18 or displacing the main device transversely to the optical axis. The carpet drum or scale can be illuminated by means of the mirror 20 through light obtained from the lamp 1. The feeding device can also be arranged so that, through a further second auxiliary device located opposite, two light points are obtained which have sides of the main light point, which travel in the direction of the latter and are thanked at the same time as this. Furthermore, the brightness of the main light point 6 is considerably enhanced by the provision of one or two side devices at the moment in which the light points thank each other.

Claims

Patent claim:

A device for directing cameras, binoculars, weapons and similar apparatus in the dark by means of visible or invisible (infrared) rays, characterized in that the rays emanating from a light source (1) are caused to pass through a ring condenser (3 or 10) and a lens (5), each for imaging (6) the light source (1) on the grind serves only the lens (5) and the beams broken by the ring capacitor (3 or 10) and the lens (5) serve to produce a light field (9) ph ground and that the inner edge or a cover on the ring capacitor (3 or 10) is arranged to generate a dark field (8) between the imaged light point (6) and the light field (9) on the mMet.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part (4) of the ring condenser lens is ground parallel to the plane.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part (4) of the ring condenser lens (3) is concavely ground and arranged to form a telecommunication device together with the lens (5).

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring capacitor consists of a concave mirror (10) arranged behind the light source (1), the middle part (11) of which is covered.

Device according to claim 1, Unsigned in that the light field (9) is arranged to be adapted to the field of view of the instrument to be directed, by corresponding dimensioning of the ring capacitor.

Device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the ring capacitor (3 or 10) is arranged on the dashed or sloping ground (2), which are arranged to be imaged (7) in the light field (9).

7. Device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the lens (5) is used as the lens in the apparatus to be aligned, and the beams from the light source (1) and the ring capacitor (3 or 10) are reflected on and off the edge. by means of a partially silver-plated glass plate (12) or a double prism (13) in the optical axis.

Device according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the lens (5) consists of a telecommunication device (18), which is arranged displaceable transversely to the optical axis to bring the image of the light skull on the target into conformity with the target point of that apparatus. , to be targeted.

Device according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the device, by supplementing with one or two auxiliary devices (Fig. 5) and a pivoting mirror (19) or displaceable telephoto negatives (18), is built up pit per se edge set to a base spacer , at which two or three points of light are arranged to be brought into contact with each other on the target for sharp installation of the apparatus (camera) which is provided with the device and which is to be aligned. Request publications: Patents from France 1,175,350; United Kingdom 532 81 4.