RU76884U1 - DEVICE FOR INCREASING CLUTCH FORCE ON DRIVING WHEELS OF TRAIN TRAILS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of trackless vehicles and can be used in the construction of multi-link tractor trains for operation on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion.

The technical result is aimed at redistributing the load between the tractor and the trailer and, as a result, at increasing the adhesion force of the propulsion device with the road by increasing the grip mass and, as a result, increasing the maximum possible traction force on the drive wheels of the road train. This is especially important when driving on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion to the trailer without driving wheels; towed vehicles, such as aircraft, can act as trailers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the towing hook and the drawbar hitch of the trailer are additionally connected by a rigid hitch, the trailer and the tractor are connected by a cable fixed at one end to the drawbar of the drawbar of the trailer, and the other end to an additional pull hook, in addition, the cable has an intermediate support with a roller and a tension mechanism.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of trackless vehicles and can be used in the construction of multi-link tractor trains for operation on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion.

A known road train containing a tractor and an active trailer with a mechanical wheel drive from the tractor, a drawbar associated with a slewing ring, and a mechanism for transmitting power from the tractor to the trailer in the form of a single-stage gearbox. The rear drive axle of the tractor is connected by a propeller shaft through the gearbox to the axis of the trailer axle, the gearbox mounted on the trailer’s drive axle, the gearbox control panel on board the trailer, and the propeller shaft connected to the drawbar with articulated suspension [1].

The disadvantage of this design is its complexity and a decrease in the efficiency of the transmission as a whole due to an increase in the number of units involved in the transmission of torque.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a road train consisting of a towing vehicle and a trailer connected with a towing hook and a drawbar hitch of the trailer. The tractor vehicle is equipped with a power steering, which includes a hydraulic pump, a control valve and a steering wheel control cylinder. A cylindrical sleeve is fixedly mounted on the trailer drawbar in the longitudinal axis of its symmetry, inside which the housing of the other hydraulic cylinder, which is equipped with a coupling loop at its end, the piston with the rod of which is rigidly connected to the drawbar of the trailer, is unobtrusively mounted and spring-loaded relative to it by a compression spring. The supra-piston cavity of the housing of the specified hydraulic cylinder is connected via pipelines to

oil pipelines of the power steering control of a vehicle-tractor [2].

The disadvantage of this design is the slipping of the tractor on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion φ, since the rolling resistance force Pf exceeds the adhesion force Pφ of the propulsion device with the road (1)

(one)

where f is the coefficient of rolling resistance;

φ is the coefficient of adhesion;

g is the acceleration of gravity, m / s ² ;

m _a - gross vehicle weight, kg;

m _φ - towing mass of the car, kg.

The technical result is aimed at increasing the adhesion force Pφ of the mover with the road by increasing the grip mass m _φ and, as a result, increasing the maximum possible traction force on the drive wheels of the road train.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for increasing the adhesion force on the driving wheels of the road train containing the towing hook and the drawbar hitch of the trailer connecting the towing vehicle and the trailer, the pull hook and the drawbar hitch of the trailer are additionally connected by a rigid coupling, the trailer and the tractor are connected a cable fixed at one end to the hitch loop of the drawbar of the trailer, and the other end to an additional pull hook, in addition, the cable has an intermediate support with a roller and a tension mechanism.

Distinctive features of the prototype is that the towing hook and the drawbar hitch of the trailer are additionally connected by a rigid coupling, the trailer and the tractor are connected by a cable fixed at one end to the drawbar of the drawbar of the trailer, and the other end to an additional pull hook, in addition, the cable has an intermediate support with roller and tension mechanism.

Comparative analysis of the proposed solution and selected as

The prototype shows that the proposed road train with a device to increase traction to realize greater traction on the drive wheels allows you to increase the grip mass when driving on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion, which will increase the traction that is the maximum possible to realize the traction on the drive wheels.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device to increase the adhesion force on the driving wheels of the road train, figure 2 diagram of the forces acting in the device to increase the adhesion force. The device for increasing the adhesion force on the driving wheels of the road train (Fig. 1) contains a towing hook 1 and a drawbar hook of the drawbar 2 of the trailer 3 connecting the towing vehicle 4 and the trailer 3, while the drawbar 1 and the drawbar of the drawbar 2 of the trailer 3 are additionally connected by a rigid coupling 5, the trailer 3 and the tractor 4 are connected by a cable 6 fixed at one end to the drawbar loop of the drawbar 2 of the trailer 3, and the other end to an additional pull hook 7, in addition, the cable 6 has an intermediate support 8 with a roller 9 and a tension mechanism 10.

A device for increasing traction on the driving wheels of a road train is as follows.

When the road train moves, the traction generated on the drive wheels of the tractor 4 is transmitted to the trailer 3 through a rigid coupling 5. When driving on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion, the tension mechanism 10 selects the gaps between the cable 6 and the parts that come into contact with it, the drawbar loop 2, by the roller 9 and the additional pulling hook 7, and gaps appear between the rigid coupling 5 of the drawbar hook 2 and the pulling hook 1. As a result of these changes, the thrust on the drive wheels of the tractor 4 X ₁ and X ₂ is not transmitted to the trailer 3 through the rigid the hitch 5, and through the cable 6. In this case, in the cable 6, the force T is added to the voltage created by the tension mechanism 10, which arose due to the transfer of the tractive effort from the tractor 4 to the trailer 3. The force T and its influence are shown in the diagram of the forces acting in a power boost device

clutch (figure 2). Since the projection of the force T on the X axis is the force X _p equal to the sum of the forces X ₁ + X ₂ , that is, the traction transmitted from the tractor 4 to the trailer 3,

X _n = X ₁ + X ₂ (2)

and the projection of the force T on the Y axis is the force Y _p equal to the product of X _p on tgα,

Y _p = X _p tgα (3)

then according to the scheme of forces acting in the device for increasing the adhesion force (figure 2), the additional load on the rear axle Y _{2 is} numerically equal to the sum of the forces Y ₁ + Y _p

Y ₂ = Y ₁ + Y _p (4)

and opposite to the forces Y ₁ and Y _p in the direction, and Y ₁ according to the scheme of forces acting in the device to increase the adhesion force (figure 2), is determined by the following relationship

Y ₁ = Tsinβ = X _n sinβ / cosα (5)

If the tractor is four-wheel drive, then the redistribution of the load Y ₁ from the front axle to the rear will not cause a change in the grip mass, in contrast to the non-all-wheel drive tractor, but the redistribution of the load Y _p from the trailer to the rear axle of the tractor will cause an increase in the grip mass regardless of its wheel formula. As a result, the additional load on the rear axle Y ₂ according to (3, 4, 5) is determined by the formula

Y ₂ = X _n sinβ / cosα + X _n tanα = X _n (sinβ + sinα) / cosα (6)

The organization of the working process with the proposed device leads to a redistribution of the load between the tractor and trailer and, as a result, to an increase in the grip mass of the road train, which is especially important for operation on roads with a low coefficient of adhesion to the trailer without driving wheels, towed vehicles can act as a trailer, for example an airplane.

Sources of information taken into account during the examination:

1. Pat. 93057790 Russian Federation, IPC ⁶ B62D 63/08, B62D 53/02, B62D 59/04. Road train [Text] / Mareninov I.A .; Applicant and patent holder Granit Limited Liability Partnership. - No. 93057790/11; declared 12/27/1993; publ. 05/20/1996 .: ill.

2. Pat. 2264943 Russian Federation, IPC ⁷ B62D 53/00. Road train [Text] / Slivinsky E.V., Sudenkov A.N., Kurasov A.V .; Applicant and patent holder Yelets State University I.A. Bunina. - No. 2004110856/11; declared 04/08/04; publ. 11/27/05 .: ill.

Claims (1)

A device for increasing the adhesion force on driving wheels of a road train, comprising a towing hook and a drawbar hitch of a trailer connecting a towing vehicle and a trailer, characterized in that the tow hook and a drawbar of the drawbar of the trailer are additionally connected by a rigid coupling, the trailer and the tractor are connected by a cable fixed at one end on the hitch loop of the drawbar of the trailer, and the other end on the additional pull hook, in addition, the cable has an intermediate support with a roller and a tension mechanism.