RU74028U1 - DISC SOIL PROCESSING TOOLS - Google Patents

Abstract

A disc for a tillage implement is proposed. The main application is in disc harrows where spherical discs are used on individual racks. The technical result is improved disk deepening and improved soil cultivation. The result was achieved by reducing the disk wall thickness. The new author believes that the disk is made of 3 ÷ 5 mm thickness and equipped with the outer and / or inner surface of the reinforcing elements from the center of the disk to the periphery. The reinforcing elements can be made in various configurations and can be removable or be made together with the disk. knowing the model of industrialized primenima.Mozhet it is manufactured in a factory.

Description

The proposed utility model is intended for a tillage implement, and more specifically, for disc harrows that use spherical discs. Disks, depending on the diameter and radius of the sphere, can be used in harrows, both during primary tillage and surface tillage, for example, in harrowing and peeling crop residues.

Spherical disks used in disc harrows are known.

Disk pat. Utility Model No. 59361, А01В, 7/00, dated May 15, 2006, made of steel sheet curved around a sphere, with a sharpened edge, with a centering hole and no more than six holes for mounting bolts placed around a circle with a radius of 60 mm The disk has a spherical seat, with an inner radius of the sphere of the disk seat equal to 635 ± 10 mm and a diameter of the seat of at least 130 mm.

The disadvantage of the disk is that with a small thickness, from the lateral bending loads acting on the disk during tillage, the disk breaks.

The increase in the strength of the disk due to its thickness leads to the fact that the disk is poorly buried in the soil, which in turn leads to poor quality tillage.

In order to better deepen such a disc, the weight of the harrow is increased, which leads to a higher cost of the harrow and to increased energy consumption during soil cultivation.

Known disk pat. The Russian Federation for utility model No. 466620, АВВ 7/00, dated March 4, 2006 - a prototype made of metal sheet material, curved around the sphere and having sharpening around the perimeter.

The disk is made with a diameter of 560 mm and heat-treated over the entire surface to a hardness of 48 ... 52 HRc with a thickness of 6 mm and to a hardness of 39 ... 41 HRc with a thickness of 8 mm, while the radius of the sphere is 635 mm and the sharpening is made at an angle 30 ° to the axis of rotation.

The disk is made around the perimeter without cutouts or with semicircular cutouts with a radius of 47.5 mm and is equipped with no more than six holes for fastening bolts located at an angle of 5 ° 30 '± 30' to the axis of rotation, while the holes are located around a circle with a radius of 60 mm

The disadvantage of the disk is that when the disk thickness is 6 mm, during operation, from the arising loads, the disk breaks. The depth of the disk on dry soils is unsatisfactory, which requires an increase in the weight of the harrow.

Poor soil penetration leads to poor tillage.

Weighting the harrow leads to increased drag of the harrow when towing it during operation and to increased fuel consumption of the tractor. Increased intensity of the harrow increases the price of the harrow.

The technical result of the proposed model is to improve the depth of the disk achieved by reducing the thickness of the disk, which reduces the weight of the harrow.

Good depth of the disk provides good quality tillage, and a reduction in the weight of the harrow due to the good depth of the harrow, in addition to lowering the price due to the lower mass of metal in it, makes it easier to tow during operation and reduce energy costs. Thus, the harrow becomes energy-efficient.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the disk is made from 3 mm to 5 mm thick., Is heat treated completely or partially, with or without cutouts, is equipped with reinforcing elements made on the outer and / or inner surface, for example, as a part of a sphere, while the reinforcing element extends from the center to the periphery of the disk no further than to the circle to which the disk is buried in the soil during soil cultivation.

The reinforcing elements can be made in different configurations, for example, in the form of a star, stiffeners made in the form of rays, rings, etc., and have the same or different thickness.

The reinforcing element smoothly mates with the surface of the disk.

The reinforcing element can be made in conjunction with the disk, for example, by metal welding, welding, etc., or is a separate part.

A hardening element may also be local hardening of the disk.

The essence of the utility model will be described in more detail below.

Figure 1 presents a schematic drawing of the proposed spherical disk of a tillage implement.

Figure 2 presents a schematic drawing of the working body of the disk harrow with a spherical disk.

The disk (see Fig. 1) consists of the disk itself, made of metal sheet metal 1, with a diameter D, a radius of the sphere R, and a thickness of 3-5 mm.

The disk is equipped with cutouts 2, a centering hole 3 and holes for mounting bolts 4.

From the outer surface of the disk 1 is a reinforcing element 5, made in the form of a part of a sphere whose radius is equal to or less than the radius of the outer surface of the disk 1 (see figure 1-B)

In the reinforcing element 5 (see Fig. 1-A), holes are made matching the holes 3 and 4 of the disk 1.

On the inner surface of the disk 1, there is a reinforcing element 6, also in the form of a part of a sphere in which holes are made matching the holes 3 and 4 of the disk 1.

The cutting edge of the disk 1 has a sharpening.

The working body of the disk harrow (see Fig. 2) consists of a stand 7 with a leash 8, which, with the help of eyes 9, is attached to the bearing assembly 10. The bearing assembly 10, through the reinforcing element 6, is bolted 11 through the holes 4 (see Fig. .1) is rigidly connected to disk 1.

The disk works as follows.

Let's take the form of tillage - peeling.

This type of tillage consists in crushing crop residues in the field with a simultaneous rotation of the soil layer. The depth of tillage in this case is 10 ÷ 12 cm.

The most common discs are discs with a diameter of 500 ÷ 660 mm. To grind crop residues, cut-out discs are used, the view of which is shown in FIG. 1 (view from the side of the reinforcing element 5). Cutouts of disc 2 capture crop residues, press them into the soil and cut them.

It is known that the smaller the disk area acting vertically on the soil, the greater the specific pressure of this disk on the soil and the easier it penetrates into it.

It is known that with decreasing thickness of the disk, the area of the disk acting vertically on the soil decreases and the disk is easily buried in the soil.

Reducing the diameter of the disk leads to the same result, since the area of influence of the disk on the soil decreases, however, in this case the width of the furrow from the disk will be smaller and, therefore, the width of the soil tillage of the entire harrow will be less.

For all types of soils, with disk diameters ranging from 500 mm to 660 mm, the most well-buried disk thickness is a disk thickness of 3–5 mm.

However, with such thicknesses of the disk, the resistance of the disk to lateral bending loads arising from the angle of rotation of the disk (angle of attack) to the direction of movement of the harrow is insufficient and it breaks.

In order to eliminate this phenomenon for thin-walled disks, it is proposed to use reinforcing elements - pads 5 and 6, as shown in Fig. 1, which repeat the sphere of Fig. 1-A, or the radius of their sphere is less than the radius of the sphere of disk 1 (see Fig. 1 -B). The disk 1 is equipped with these reinforcing elements - pads from the outer and / or inner surface.

So that the reinforcing elements 5 and 6 do not interfere with the tillage, they propagate from the center to the periphery of the disk no further than to the circle to which the disk is deepened during soil tillage. 1 shows the letter h.

Reinforcing elements can have various designs.

So, for example, the embodiment of FIG. 1-B, view C is presented in the form of a star. Possible execution in the form of a circle, ring or radial stiffeners and have the same or different thickness. Other options are possible.

The configuration, when parts 1 and 5 are separate from each other and part 5 is made in the form of a circle with a radius of the sphere less than the radius of the sphere of the disk 1, when the disk 1 is in the soil, it makes the disk 1 vibrate, since the disk 1 and the supporting part 5 are movable relative to each other. Such a reinforcing element 5 acts as a spring. Vibration allows disk 1 to self-clean.

Due to the fact that the disk 1 (see Fig. 2) when mounted on a harrow (not shown in Figs. 1 and 2) using the strut 7 and the leash 8 has an angle of inclination to the vertical plane, then to increase the stability of the disk 1 to reinforcing element 6, which compresses at the center of the sphere of the disk 1, is introduced, which, like the external reinforcing element 5, can be of different design.

Reinforcing elements with a distance from the center of the disk decrease in thickness and smoothly pass into the surface of the disk. This allows in abnormal cases the disk to go deeper than normal without compromising the quality of its work.

Reinforcing elements can be welded or welded with metal and make up one body with a disk.

Dangerous and stressed sections of the disk, for example, holes for fixing bolts 4, as well as places of cutouts 2 can have local hardening, for example, local hardening, which also acts as a reinforcing element.

The disk described above reinforced with reinforcing elements can be made of cheaper steel, for example, Art. 45, instead of Art. 65G, which will make it more affordable for the buyer, while maintaining its strength characteristics and good quality of work.

In working condition, the proposed disk is shown in figure 2, where the rack 7 with a leash 8 is mounted on the transverse beam of the harrow (not shown in figures 1 and 2) and the disk 1, bolts 11, presses the reinforcing element 6, to which the bearing assembly is attached 10, connected to the rack 7 by the lugs 9 to itself.

In that form, disk 1 performs tillage. Due to the fact that there are more than 30 discs on an individual tillage implement, in this case a harrow, of discs on an individual stand, the combined effect of a better penetration of the discs into the soil can significantly reduce the mass of the harrow and due to less tractor fuel consumption for its working towing make it energy efficient. Good deepening of the discs provides improved soil cultivation, and hardening

elements on thin-walled disks increase their resistance to mechanical stress.

All this allows to achieve a technical result.

The utility model is technically applicable.

It can be made in a factory.

Claims (5)

1. A disk for a tillage implement made of metal sheet material, bent around a sphere and sharpened around the perimeter, with a centering hole and holes for fixing bolts, characterized in that the disk is made from 3 to 5 mm thick, is fully or partially heat treated, with with cutouts or without them, equipped with reinforcing elements on the outer and / or inner surface, made, for example, as part of a sphere, while the reinforcing element extends from the center to the periphery of the disk no further than to the circumference, which disk is buried during soil cultivation. 2. The disk according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing elements can have different designs, for example, in the form of a star, stiffeners made in the form of rays, rings, etc., and have the same or different thickness. 3. The disk according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing element with distance from the center of the disk reduces its thickness and smoothly passes into the surface of the disk. 4. The disk according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing element is an integral part of the disk and is made, for example, by welding metal onto the disk or is a separate part. 5. The disk according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing element is a local hardening of the disk.