RU68211U1 - RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH MOBILE OBJECTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to radio data exchange systems and can be used for information exchange between moving objects (PO), ground-based complexes (NK). The main technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is to increase the hardware reliability, interoperability of the communication system, efficiency, reliability, communication range due to the introduction of frequency adaptation, data transfer rate, adaptive reception methods with multipath compensation, direct correction errors, error correction using automatic repeat request and automatic selection of the required operating mode when switching software from one area of responsibility automatically Anna air traffic control system to another. Improving the hardware reliability of the equipment of moving objects is ensured by automatically replacing the faulty module of the on-board communication complex with a backup one with software restoration of all operating modes of the faulty device. To implement the technical task, b pairs are introduced into the software, interconnected by wide-range radio-frequency modules, and wide-range antenna-feeder devices, a physical layer module (digital signal processing), and a communication computing module.

Description

The utility model relates to data exchange systems and can be used to implement information exchange between sources (recipients) of information located on airborne mobile objects (PO) and receivers (sources) of information located on the ground through ground-based complexes (NK).

In a radio communication system with moving objects [1], while moving, moving objects located within the radio horizon exchange data with the ground communication complex. Messages received by the ground-based communications complex from the Air-to-Earth channel via data transmission equipment (ADF) are sent to a computer of a workstation (AWP) of a PC-based communications operator, where, in accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, the address received in the message is identified with the addresses of moving objects stored in his memory. If the address of the moving object coincides with the address stored in the list, information about the location, motion parameters of the software and the state of its sensors is displayed on the monitor screen of the ground workstation. In the PC based PC workstation, the task of providing continuous radio communication with all N software is solved. When at least one of the software leaves the radio horizon or approaches the boundary of a stable radio communication zone, one of the software that is assigned by the message relay is determined programmatically. Based on the results of the analysis of the location and motion parameters of the remaining software, the optimal paths for message delivery to the remote one from the satellite for the software horizon are determined. The message from the NC through a serial chain consisting of (N-1) software can be delivered to the N-th software. To do this, on the NK in the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the number of the software assigned by the relay and the addresses of the air objects that provide the specified message traffic are laid down in a predetermined category (header) of the transmitted codegram. Messages received on the software are analyzed in a message type analysis unit. After the analysis, the issue of sending data via a bi-directional bus to the control system of a moving object or relaying them to neighboring software is resolved.

In normal mode, when relaying signals from the NK is not required, an address polling of the software is carried out by forming a message for transmission to the radio channel in accordance with the exchange protocol. The message typed by the operator (dispatcher) is displayed on the AWP monitor. After passing through the antenna, radio station, data transmission equipment, the signal is fed to the software in the on-board computer, where the address received in the message is identified with its own address of the moving object. Next, the message is transmitted to the analysis unit of the type of relayed message, where the decryption of the received header (service part) of the message is carried out and it is determined in what mode the software hardware should work. The information part of the message is recorded in the memory of the on-board computer and, if necessary, displayed on the screen of the data recording unit.

Shapers of the type of relayed messages allow for the exchange of digital data on the channel "operator-pilot" (CPDLC) instead of existing voice information. They are designed to select permission / information / request message elements that correspond to the accepted speech phraseology, and to set up arbitrary text. The display of dialed and received messages is carried out on the software data recording unit and the workstation monitor NK, respectively.

Messages from the outputs of the receivers of signals of global navigation satellite systems GLONASS / GPS are recorded in the memory of ground and airborne computers with reference to global time and used to calculate the navigation characteristics and motion parameters of each software. Received on the NK navigation messages from all software are processed in the calculator and displayed on the AWP monitor screen.

However, the above system has the following disadvantages:

- the radius of the information service zone provided by the NK is limited by the radius of direct radio visibility (R) (200-300 km) when only one software is registered on the NK. With two registered software, the communication zone can be expanded by 2 times (up to 2R) due to Air-Air relay only if the first software remains in the direct line of sight of the aircraft and the second software is in the field of view of the first software. In the particular case, the radius of the NK control zone can be expanded to NR if N software were recorded sequentially in the NK line of sight and were gradually removed beyond

limits of visibility, but between any two neighboring software the distance does not exceed R, which allows for the sequential relay of the message through (N-1) software. Such a situation is unlikely. The guaranteed service area of the NK has a radius equal to the direct radio visibility R;

- the intensity of data exchange when relaying messages through N-1 software increases (N-1) times, which leads to an increase in the likelihood of collisions due to random access to the exchange network, inefficient use of the bandwidth of the communication channel, its congestion, which may occur cause unacceptably large message transmission delays;

- low hardware reliability of airborne radio stations, the transceivers of which fail, mainly in flight, leads to low reliability of communication in the Air-to-Earth channel.

The closest in purpose and most of the essential features is a radio communication system with moving objects [2], which is taken as a prototype. It differs from the aforementioned system in that it additionally incorporates ground and airborne antennas and DKMV long-distance radio stations. As a result, the size of the zone of guaranteed control (communication) of the NK is not limited to the radius of direct radio visibility R.

A radio communication system with mobile objects [2] includes N mobile objects connected by MB air-to-air radio channels MB, connected by air-to-earth radio communication MB channels and air-to-earth DKMV radio channels with M territorially spaced ground-based complexes that are interconnected and with the corresponding control centers of air traffic control and airlines through a ground communication system.

The ground-based communication complex includes the ground antennas of the MB and DKMV bands, respectively connected with the MB and DKMV radio stations connected by two-way communications through the data transmission equipment to the first input / output of the computer of the workstation, the second input / output of which is connected to the control the input of the DKMV radio station, the third input / output is connected to the input / output of the terrestrial communication system, the first input is connected to the signal receiver of navigation satellite systems (GLONASS / GPS), the second input is accessed to the AWP control panel, the third input to the shaper of the type of relayed messages, and the output to the AWP monitor.

The mobile unit is equipped with an on-board communication complex, which includes on-board antennas of the MB and DKMV bands connected to MB and DKMV radio stations, respectively, which are connected by two-way communications via the on-board data transmission equipment with the first input / output of the on-board computer, the second input / output of which connected to the bi-directional bus of the moving object control system, the third input / output - to the analyzer of the type of received messages, the fourth input / output - to the control input / output of the DCM radio station B, inputs - to airborne sensors, a shaper of the type of relayed messages, a receiver of signals from navigation satellite systems, an output - to a data recording unit.

A radio communication system with moving objects [2] provides the exchange of data packets between on-board users of the said system (software control system) and ground-based end users of the radio communication system, for example, air traffic control (ATC) and operational aviation control (OAK) control centers.

Data transmission in the MB range with the NK is provided through a chain of series-connected first software, the second software and then to the N-th software, and data is transferred from the N-th software to the NK in the reverse order. The ground-based data network is connected by two-way interfaces to each of the M geographically spaced NKs. Thus, all ground planes are interconnected by a ground-based data network for information interaction and provide a connection for each planes with ground-based users of a communication system, for example, ATC and AOC.

Air-to-Earth data transmission in the MB range between the software and the NK is carried out at the operating frequency assigned for each NK. The air-to-air data transmission in the MB range between softwares is carried out at the air-to-air operating frequency. The list of frequency support for MB communication, containing a list of M ground-based complexes of the spacecraft with their addresses, coordinates, frequencies assigned to them, and also the air-to-air communication frequency, is brought over the ground data network to each spacecraft, as well as during preflight preparation to each BY.

Data transmission in the DKMV range between software and NK is carried out at the operating frequency assigned for each NK according to the results of a long-term forecast for every 2 hours. A long-term forecast develop a table

the time-frequency schedule of DKMV communications for each NK for a day and bring to NK on a land data network. The DKMV communication system table containing a list of M ground-based NK complexes with their coordinates, addresses and tables of their time-frequency schedule is brought to each software during preflight preparation through a ground-based data transmission network. Airspace is divided into flight information areas (RPIs) of 1000-1200 km in size. Each IRP has at least one NK responsible for flight information support. Communication with the tax code of each software located in the zone of responsibility of this tax code is carried out in the MB range or in the DKMV range, depending on the removal of the software from the tax code. In the direct radio-visibility zone (up to 200-300 km), communication is provided in the MB range, beyond the line of sight, if it is not possible to increase the radius of the control zone to 1000-1200 km by relaying on the MB-Air air-to-air channels, communication is organized in DKMV range.

In the DKMV range, traditional non-adaptive modems with a guard interval for combating multipath are used for data transmission, which provide a symbol rate of 75, 150, 300 Baud and a user data rate not exceeding 18, 37, 75 bit / s, taking into account Reed coding Solomon with fourfold redundancy. To maintain DKMV communications, use the frequency from the table of the time-frequency schedule of the tax code, in the area of responsibility of which is software.

The disadvantages of the prototype, the elimination of which the utility model is aimed at, consists in the fact that in the indicated radio communication system with moving objects, there are:

- low hardware reliability of the equipment of the airborne complex, which mainly fails during the flight, due to the lack of redundancy, leads to low reliability of information support for flight safety;

- low reliability of air-to-ground airborne communication airborne communications network, due to the fact that the existing air traffic control system organization in the airborne airborne range, based on the communication regulations on dividing airspace into flight information areas (airspace) serviced by individual communications operators, does not use the capabilities of airborne communication systems range for the far propagation of radio waves. The size of the area of responsibility of one automated

air traffic control systems (AS ATC) (one NK communications operator) are traditionally limited to 1000-1200 km. Within such a zone, the propagation of a DKMV is characterized by a large (up to 8 ms) multipath (relative delay between the first and last beams) and low signal energy, since due to the high required elevation angle of the ground antenna, multi-hop propagation of radio waves becomes most likely. For the DKMV range, the best track in terms of maximum energy and minimum multipath delay is a one-jump track 2000 - 4000 km long (depending on frequency). Situations are very likely when the signal quality is significantly higher on a highway of 6000 km than on a highway of up to 1000 km. Disappearances of DKMV communications can be avoided if the software transmits a report to ground-based communication complexes located much further. But the regulation does not allow this, but requires a software connection with a specific ground-based ATC communication complex within each IRP. The reliability of the DKMV communication system is seriously degrading. Therefore, we can say that the reliability of the DKMV communication in the prototype system does not exceed 70% due to the organization of the DKMV communication software with tight binding to the ATC zones without using the nature of the distant propagation of DKMV radio waves;

- low efficiency of the DKMV communication and the efficiency of using the limited DKMV radio spectrum, due to the fact that the prototype uses traditional non-adaptive modems with a guard interval for combating multipath, which provide a symbol rate of 75, 150, 300 Baud and a user data rate not exceeding 18 , 37, 75 bit / s with regard to coding. A typical ATC or AOK message containing 256 bytes (2048 bits) of a user (8192 bits, taking into account encoding) is transmitted in 109 s at a data rate of 75 bits / s, in 54.5 s - at 150 bit / s, in 27 , 25 s - at a data transfer rate of 300 bps. In a DKMV communication system with a large multipath delay, such as a communication system in the area of responsibility of an oil company with a radius of up to 1000-1200 km, the most robust data transfer mode for traditional modems is transmission at a speed of 75 Baud. At the same time, the symbol duration is 13.33 ms, the guard interval for combating multipath (equal to a third of the symbol duration) is 4.4 ms, which allows working in channels with multipath up to 4.4 ms. At a data rate of 75 bit / s, the communication channel is occupied by one message for 109 seconds. Bandwidth

The capacity of one channel is only 33 messages per hour. With the intensity of the connected traffic of air traffic control in the DKMV channel [6], 11 messages from the board and 6 on board per hour (17 messages per hour) on the same frequency channel can serve no more than two software. Serving 500 software in a communication system will require at least 500/2 = 250 frequency channels. This is a very large frequency resource in comparison with the resource used by the HFDL data transmission system, which, using adaptive high-speed modems, ensures the transmission of a message packet of 256 bytes in 2.47 seconds. The HFDL system also applies frequency channel reuse when the same channel is used simultaneously by two ground stations separated by large distances in 8 frequency zones, and these stations do not interfere with each other. Therefore, the HFDL requires 48-60 DKMV frequency 3-kHz channels of one sideband (OBP) for serving 2500 aircraft (Aircraft), while the communication system with software (prototype) for service in a DKMV range of 2500 AE will require at least 1250 frequency channels (20 times more);

- the small life cycle of airborne radio stations in the face of a continuous increase in ICAO's requirements for enhancing the functionality of communication systems included in the integrated communication, navigation, surveillance system for air traffic management (CNS / ATM), is due to the hardware performance of basic functions, including radio tuning frequencies , bands, spectral filtering masks of signals, physical levels of data transmission modes. Any new requirement for changing functions or insignificant correction of parameters necessitates hardware and constructive processing of the radio station, which is expensive for both avionics developers and its operators;

- Air-to-Earth communication organization problems during software transition from the responsibility zone of one automated air traffic control system to the zone of another air traffic control system (from one Telecommunications Operator to another), when different air traffic control and AOC applications and various modes that implement them are used in different zones data transmission. For example, in one zone the CPDLC application is used and it is implemented in the VDL-ACARS data transmission mode with AM-MSK signals at a speed of 2400 bit / s, in another zone the same application is implemented in the VDL-2 data transmission mode with ISO 8208 services with D8PSK signals with 31500 bps, ADS-B application is implemented in the third zone

in the VDL-4 data transmission mode with GFSK signals at a speed of 19,200 bps, the fourth zone uses VDL-4 and VDL-2 data transmission modes without ISO 8208 services, the fifth uses HFDL with ISO 8208 and RLS, etc.

The listed disadvantages of a radio communication system with moving objects [2] determine its low interoperability, integrity, transparency of functions, and quality of service.

The task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase:

- hardware reliability of the onboard communications complex;

- interoperability of the radio communication system with software in the interests of the ATM, i.e. the ability to provide information transfer or functional interconnection via the Air-to-Earth channel during the transition between service areas using different data transfer modes in order to ensure flight capabilities. Interoperability is associated with the need to ensure the effective operation of the system within the totality of disparate systems;

- the integrity of the radio communication system with software in the interests of the ATM — a property that allows for the automatic transition of a moving object between any service areas, which, from the point of view of a moving object moving, does not require a thoughtful action from it to control this transition. Integrity in this context means the automation of the transition from one ATM system to another, which is not comparable with it for individual characteristics;

- transparency of functions (transparency) for users through automation, i.e. the possibility of using the resources of existing systems, their integration into the air navigation structure, along with newly developed systems and new technical solutions;

- the quality of service provided by the radio communication system with moving objects (survivability, controllability, scalability, reliability of the Air-to-Earth communication system).

The problem is solved by:

- implementation of airborne software complexes and ground-based complexes with a ground communication system for automatic software transition from one NK to another NK (“handoff” procedures), for example, using algorithms,

defined for communication channels of the MB range in the RTCA document DO-224A [14] (section 3.2.2.5.4.);

- software implementation of data transmission modes to eliminate the problems of providing on-board equipment with the required operating modes of the Air-to-Earth data transmission lines when a moving object passes the boundaries of zones of responsibility of ground-based complexes of different communication operators using different data exchange modes;

- implementation of airborne software and ground-based complexes in the DCMW range of automatic channel compilation procedures with automatic selection of the operating frequency, adaptive methods for receiving messages, multi-parameter adaptation of the radio line in frequency, data transfer rate, types of modulation and coding according to the results of communication channel quality assessment, combined multiple access protocol to a communication channel with frequency and time division with adaptive control by a ground-based complex to guarantee a given x system characteristics, for example, using the ARINC 635 [12] specification, ARINC 753 [11] specification, and the HFDL Data Link Guideline [6] for DKMV to increase the reliability, efficiency, reliability of long-distance DKMV communication, and the efficiency of using the limited DKMV spectrum ;

- construction of an on-board software package based on the principles of integrated modular avionics, as defined, for example, in the ARINC 651 report [8], the ARINC 653-1 specification [9], the RTCA DO-297 document [7], with fault-tolerant operating modes involving automatic detection, isolation of malfunctions, reconfiguration of the radio communication system with software to restore operability without interrupting normal operation in flight, to increase the hardware reliability of the radio communication equipment of mobile objects;

- construction of an on-board software complex based on the principles of “software defined radio” (Software Definition Radio (SDR)), i.e. based on the principles of software execution of the basic functions of connected avionics, including settings for the frequency of radio facilities, bands, spectral mask for filtering signals, physical, channel and network levels of data transfer modes, to increase the life cycle of on-board software equipment in the context of a continuous build-up of functional requirements by ICAO for multimode operation channels

data transfer, reducing the cost of modernization, ensuring the dual use of the airborne complex;

The technical result of the utility model is:

- software implementation of airborne and ground equipment

- multi-mode Air-to-Earth data exchange protocols in the MB range (for example, VDL-ACARS, VDL-2, VDL-3, VDL-4) specified in ARINC 618, 619, 620, 622, 623, 631, 637, 716, 724 V, 750, 758, DO-224A, ED-108, ED-78;

- multi-mode Air-to-Earth data exchange protocols in the DKMV band (for example, HFDL-ACARS, HFDL-ATN) specified in ARINC 634, 635, 637, 753, DO-265, DO-277, with support for ISO packet level services 8208 and without support of ISO 8208, in the mode of reliable line services (RLS - “Data 3”) or direct line services (DLS - “Data 2”);

- effective handoff procedures defined in DO-224A for implementing air traffic control (PBX) applications such as CPDLC, ADS-A, ADS-B, AFN, CM, flight information service applications (FIS) such as NOTAM, ATIS, PIREPs, etc., aviation operational control (AOS) applications such as OOOI, Electronic charts, Two-way messaging and others in two environments (ATN and ACARS), which allows the introduction of new and correction of existing modes due to software correction ;

- improving the reliability of the DCMV communication by 20-30% due to the automatic selection by the moving object of the optimal working frequency from the general list of allowed frequencies stored in the communication system table, as well as the data transfer rate, the type of modulation and coding based on the results of the evaluation of the DCMV of marker signals (squitters), radiated by each ground complex;

- increasing the data transmission rate on the DKMV channel by 10-20 times (up to 1800, 2400 bit / s taking into account encoding, up to 5400, 7200 bit / s without taking into account encoding) due to the implementation of adaptive reception methods with compensation for multipath delay compared to existing traditional DKMV modems with a guard interval for combating multipath, which use a symbolic data rate of 75, 150, 300 Baud, and the user data rate, taking into account encoding, is 19-150 bit / s;

- a 9 dB reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio required for an adaptive modem compared to a traditional modem, which is equivalent to an additional 3-4 thousand km of communication range, due to the implementation of adaptive

reception methods with estimation of channel impulse response, Viterbi soft decoding, use of convolutional code for direct error correction (FEC), data interleaving to combat error packing due to fading and impulse noise;

- ensuring guaranteed reliability (residual probability of error per bit) of not more than 10 ^-6 due to detection at the channel level using redundant cyclic codes (CRC) of errors not corrected by the modem, and correcting these errors using automatic repeat request (ARQ);

- improving the efficiency of using the limited DKMV frequency spectrum, due to the reduction of the transmission time of one message packet containing 256 user bytes to 2.47 s and the use of the combined protocol of multiple access to the channel with time and frequency division, which allows serving up to 26 software on one frequency channel without mutual interference. The performance of one frequency channel is 1457 messages per hour, therefore, for servicing 500 software with an intensity of message flow from 11, from the ground 6 messages per hour, at least 20 frequency channels will be required (instead of 250);

- an increase in the hardware reliability of the on-board communication complex due to the implementation of the concept of integrated modular avionics, based on the provision of fault-tolerant equipment operation modes, in which the normal operation of the avionics should continue after the first failure of one of the modules for at least 200 hours due to the automatic detection and isolation of faulty modules , their replacement with backup without interrupting the normal operation of the equipment;

- increase the life cycle of software on-board equipment up to 25 years and reduce the cost of maintaining the life cycle by providing new functionality and correcting existing equipment functions with the help of simple correction of downloadable software without structural modifications to the complex;

- ensuring the dual use of the onboard communications system, due to the programmability of its functions.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known radio communication system with mobile objects, comprising M territorially spaced ground communication complexes and N mobile objects,

Air-to-Air communication channels connected to each other in the MB range, and using the Air-to-Earth radio channels in the MB and DKMV ranges, to M ground complexes, which are interconnected via the land data network, each moving object contains an on-board computer, the first input / output of which is connected to the bi-directional bus of the moving object control system, and each ground complex of which contains terrestrial antennas of the MB and DKMV ranges, respectively connected to terrestrial radio stations of the MB and DKMV ranges, two-way communications through ground-based data transmission equipment to the first input / output of a computer of a workstation (AWP), the second input / output of which is connected to the input / output of the SC for a ground-based data transmission network, the third input / output - to the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the first the input is connected to the receiver of signals of navigation satellite systems (GLONASS / GPS), the second input is connected to the AWP control panel, and the output is connected to the AWP monitor, b pairs of interconnected sides are entered on each moving object x wide-range antenna-feeder devices and wide-range radio-frequency modules, the inputs / outputs of which are connected by two-way connections to the input physical layer module connected to the input communication computing module, consisting of channel-level module, router module, and interface module, the inputs of which are connected in series by bidirectional to the on-board sensors, the receiver of the navigation satellite system, the output to the data recording unit, and the first input / output to the board to the analyzer of the type of received messages, the second input / output - to the on-board driver of the type of relayed messages, the third input / output - to the on-board computer, in addition, in each ground complex the fourth input / output of the computer of the workstation is connected to the first to the control input of the ground-based radio station DKMV range, and the fifth input / output of the computer workstation is connected to the first control input of the terrestrial radio station MB range, where b is the required to obtain the specified reliability indicators the number of pairs of interconnected onboard wide-range antenna-feeder devices and wide-range radio frequency modules.

The structural diagram of the inventive radio communication system with moving objects is presented in figure 1, where it is indicated:

1 - ground communication complex (NK 1);

2 - input / output NK 1 for a terrestrial data network;

3 - a moving object (PO 3), equipped with a new on-board communication complex, the structural diagram of which is shown in figure 2;

4 - input / output terrestrial data network, which is conventionally shown in figure 1 in the form of a line.

A radio communication system with software contains M geographically spaced ground communication complexes 1, the structural diagram of which is shown in Fig. 3, and N mobile airborne objects 3 equipped with airborne communication complexes, the structural diagram of which is shown in Fig. 2, interconnected by communication channels 29 Air-to-Air ”MB band, and using channels 30 of the air-to-Earth radio communication MB and 31 DKMV bands with M ground complexes 1, which are interconnected and ground users (DP ATC and OAK and others not indicated in FIG. 1 ) with the help of strokes / O 2 and I / O 4 terrestrial data transfer network.

The structural diagram of the onboard equipment of a moving object 3 of the inventive radio communication system with moving objects, is shown in figure 2, where it is indicated:

5 - on-board computer;

6 - airborne sensors;

7 - an on-board receiver of signals of a global navigation satellite system GLONASS / GPS with an antenna;

8 - data recording unit;

9 - on-board analyzer of the type of received messages;

10 - airborne type relay relay messages;

11 - computing communication module (IUD);

12 - module interfaces with on-board equipment (MI);

13 - routing module (MM);

14 - channel level module (MCU);

15 - module physical layer (MFP) (digital signal processing);

16 - onboard wide-range radio-frequency module (ШД РМ);

17 - on-board wide-range antenna-feeder device (SD AFU);

18 - bidirectional bus control system of a moving object.

Figure 2 shows for example 3 of b pairs of interconnected modules 16 and 17.

Moreover, b on-board wide-band antenna-feeder devices 17 (BF AFU) are connected by bidirectional radio-frequency cables to b on-board wide-band radio-frequency modules 16, which are connected to the physical layer module 15, which has a two-way digital interface with a channel level module 14 connected by a two-way digital interface with a routing module 13 connected by a two-way digital interface to an interface module 12, the inputs of which are connected to the on-board sensors 6, the receiver 7 of the navigation satellite the system, the output is connected to the data recording unit 8, the second input / output is connected to the on-board analyzer 9 of the type of received messages, the third input / output is connected to the on-board driver 10 of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output is connected to the on-board computer 5 connected by bidirectional interface 18 with on-board control system software 3.

The structural diagram of the ground communication complex 1 of the inventive radio communication system with moving objects is presented in figure 3, where it is indicated:

19 - ground antenna MB range;

20 - MB terrestrial radio station;

21 - ground antenna DKMV range;

22 - ground radio station DKMV range;

23 - ground-based data transmission equipment (ADF);

24 - computer workstation (AWP) (based on PC);

25 - ground-based receiver of signals of navigation satellite systems with an antenna;

26 - shaper type relayed messages;

27 - monitor workstation;

28 - AWP control panel;

2 - input / output NK 1 for a terrestrial data network.

In NK 1, terrestrial antennas of 19 MB and 21 DKMV bands are connected respectively to radio stations of 20 MB and 22 DKMV bands connected by two-way communications via data transmission equipment 23 to the first input / output of the computer 24 of the workstation (AWP), the second input / output

which is connected to input / output 2 of NK 1 for a terrestrial data network, the third input / output - to the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output to the radio station 22 DKMV range, the fifth input / output - to the radio station 20 MB range, the first input connected to the receiver 25 signals of navigation satellite systems (GLONASS / GPS), the second input is connected to the AWP control panel 28, and the output to the 27 AWP monitor.

A radio communication system with moving objects operates as follows. Data transmission in the MB range with NK 1 is carried out through a chain of serially connected first software 3, second software 3 and further to the Nth software 3, and data transmission from the Nth software 3 to NK 1 is carried out in the reverse order. Data transmission in the DKMV band with software 3 is carried out on the NK 1, the marker signal quality of which is the best or acceptable for the software 3. The ground data network is connected by two-way interfaces 2 to each of the M territorially spaced NK 1. Thus, the terrestrial data network all NK 1 unite among informational interactions and provide a connection of each NK 1 with terrestrial users of the radio communication system.

The data exchange algorithm in the inventive radio communication system with software is that it carries out the following operations:

- to ensure the reliability level of DKMV communications not worse than 99% in the area of responsibility of each NK 1 from the general list of DKMV frequencies (about 30 OBP channels with a bandwidth of 3 kHz) allocated; for a communication system with software, each NK 1 is assigned its own set of permitted frequencies of DKMV communication for a day or more;

- for each NK 1, for each time interval of 1-2 hours, an active DKMV frequency is assigned from the set of allowed NK frequencies, optimal according to the conditions of propagation of radio waves and electromagnetic compatibility for a given time interval, different from the active frequencies of all other NK 1 communication systems. The number of the active frequency, together with the time interval for its activation, is brought to each NK 1 via the ground data network, thus realizing the frequency division multiple access (FDMA) protocol. For each NK 1, only one frequency from the set of allowed frequencies is activated, which is used by many software 3 simultaneously in the HFDL data transmission mode with time division multiple access (TDMA), in which the first frame slot is used for emissions

each NK 1 communication / control / synchronization signals (squitters), called markers;

- each allowed DKMV frequency is assigned its own time shift of the first frame of the time division multiple access protocol (TDMA) relative to the leading frame, tied to 00:00: 00 min: 00 sec universal time UTC so that marker signals at different frequencies are emitted NK 1 in spaced time slots to reduce the time analysis of the quality of the markers produced by each moving object 3;

- develop a system table of DKMV communications, which indicate a list of M ground-based communication complexes 1 with their addresses, coordinates, the HFDL operating modes supported by them (ACARS, ATN, ISO 8208, RLS, DLS) and a set of allowed frequencies with the indicated offsets of the first frame of each frequency ;

- bring the system table DKMV communication to all NK 1 and all software 3 over the terrestrial data network;

- to ensure data transmission over the MB channel, a list of frequency support for MB communication is developed, which indicates a list of M terrestrial communication complexes 1 with their addresses, coordinates, the modes of operation supported by them in the MB communication channel (ACARS, VDL-2, VDL-4, VDL -3, ISO 8208), with the sets of frequencies allowed for each NK 1 MB communication frequencies, bring the list of frequency support to each software 3 through the terrestrial communication system;

- on each NK 1, they exchange packet data through a ground-based data transmission network with users of the communication system — ATC and AOK control centers, as well as with other (M-1) NK 1;

- in the ground equipment for data transmission 23 implement data exchange protocols in DKMV and MB channels of the physical layer (modems codecs), channel and network layer in accordance with ARINC 618, 631, 635, 750, DO-224, ED-108 in HFDL modes VDL-1 (ACARS); VDL-2; VDL-4;

- to ensure DKMV communication, the usage time of each DKMV frequency channel is divided into time frames of 32 s duration, and each frame is divided into 13 time slots of 2.461538 s duration to implement the time division multiple access protocol (TDMA). In the first slot of each frame, a marker signal is emitted containing receipts for all messages received by NK 1 from different software 3 in the previous two

frames, the active frequencies of two neighboring NK 1, the database version (system table), the destination of the use of slots from the 4th to 13th of the current frame and the slots of the 2nd and 3rd of the next frame, as well as the channel busy flag. At the end of each frame, for each slot of the next frame, it is assigned to be used for transmission from the NK 1 or for transmission from a specific board (software 3) upon its preliminary request for an access slot, or for transmission from any board software 3 in random access mode;

- exchange air-to-Earth packet data on each active DKMV channel in HFDL mode with multiple access of L (up to 26) moving objects 3 at a flow rate of 11 messages from the board and 6 messages from the ground per hour. With a lower intensity of the message flow, it is possible to service more software 3 on one frequency channel HFDL;

- to ensure MB communication at each NK 1, at each authorized MB frequency, marker signals (squitters) are emitted, which are communication / control / synchronization signals with a period of 2 minutes. The signals of the markers are spread in time, so that software 3 can evaluate the quality of the signals of different NK 1 and select NK 1 for communication;

- on each software 3 according to the results of assessing the quality of the received signals of markers of different NK 1 for each wavelength (DKMV and MB) select the best communication frequency and register 3 on the selected frequencies of the MB and DKMV channels;

- in the MB band, exchange air-to-Earth packet data on the active MB channel VDL-2 in the mode of multiple access to the channel with listening to the carrier (CSMA) or on the active channel VDL-4 "Air-to-Air" and "Air-to-Earth" in the mode of multiple access to the channel with time division and self-organization (STDMA);

- in the DKMV range on each moving object, a frequency search procedure is initiated when the equipment is turned on or after the line is disconnected, if PO 3 can no longer detect HFDL markers from ground complex 1 at the current frequency. After auto-selecting the frequency and registering on the new channel, packet data is exchanged in TDMA mode with NK 1, on which software 3 is registered, until the quality of the air-to-air DKMV exceeds the permissible level. If the quality of the DKMV radio channel is below the acceptable level, a new DKMV radio channel and the corresponding

him NK 1, regardless of the location of NK 1, and register software 3 on the new DKMV radio channel;

- in the MB range on each moving object, a frequency search procedure is initiated when the equipment is turned on or after the line is disconnected, if SW 3 can no longer detect VDL packets from ground complex 1 at the current frequency, or if the MAC sublayer control indicates that the current frequency is overloaded. At the same time, they adjust the DM PM to an alternative frequency using the data from the frequency support list, and if the quality of the marker signals at the new frequency is satisfactory, register software 3 at the new frequency;

- Software 3 and NK 1 implement the following procedures for managing the connectivity of the MB data line:

- identification of NK 1;

- initial installation of the line;

- modification of the line parameters;

- "handoff" initiated by software 3;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1 at the request of PO 3;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1;

- "handoff" initiated by software 3 at the request of NK 1;

- broadcast "handoff" at the request of NK 1;

- auto-tuning;

- when transmitting a message packet in the DKMV range from the final airborne systems of software 3 to ground consumers (air traffic control and AOC), a packet message containing the address of the recipient and the address of the sender (airborne address of software 3) is formed in the airborne end systems of software 3 (5, 18 ) and transmitted through the interface module 12 to the on-board module 13 of the router, where it is packaged in the form of an ISO 8208 or ACARS packet and then transferred to the channel layer module 14, where it is converted into a channel layer packet of the HFDL data network containing verification sequences, calculated using cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Received messages are transmitted to the module 15 of the physical layer, where they perform operations:

- convolutional data coding for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- mapping of a sequence of three or two or one bit (depending on the data transfer rate and type of modulation 2-QPSK, 4-QPSK or 8-QPSK, respectively) into the signal phase values of the subcarrier 1440 Hz;

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and a preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator, and information about the data transfer rate and the interleaver depth;

- the formation of short training sequences that are inserted into the stream of transmitted user data to implement adaptive methods for receiving messages;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal;

- formation of a DKMV signal with an upper sideband with a suppressed carrier with a radiation class of 2K80J2DEN.

A single-tone DKMV signal for multiphase phase shift keying (M-PSK, M = 2, 4, or 8) formed from the output of the physical layer module 15 is fed to the input of the wide-range radio frequency module 16, where it is amplified to the required power level, and fed to a wide-band AFU 17 and on DKMV the radio channel 31 is transmitted to the ground complex 1, which registered software 3.

On NK 1 DKMV, the signal from the DKMV antenna 21 is fed to the ground radio station 22 of the DKMV band operating in simplex mode in accordance with the specified TDMA protocol. From the output of the radio station 22, the message is sent to the input of the data transmission apparatus 23, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and checked for errors not corrected by the decoder. If there are no errors, the message is packaged in an ISO 8208 or ACARS packet and sent to the input of the AWP 24 computer, where it is packaged in a packet designed for transmission via X.25 protocol over a land data network to information consumers.

When a packet is transmitted using the X.25 protocol over the ground data network in the opposite direction (from the ATC and AOK) through NK 1 to PO 3, it is first processed in the workstation computer 24 of the ground complex 1, where it is formed from it

ISO 8208 or ACARS package required for transmission on an Air-to-Earth data link. From the output of the computer AWP 24, the message is transmitted to the data transmission equipment 23, where it is packaged in an HFDL data link packet containing verification sequences calculated using a redundant cyclic code (CRC), and they perform:

- convolutional data coding for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- mapping of a sequence of three or two or one bit (depending on the data transfer rate and type of modulation 2-QPSK, 4-QPSK or 8-QPSK, respectively) into the signal phase values of the subcarrier 1440 Hz;

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and a preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator, and information about the data transfer rate and the interleaver depth;

- the formation of short training sequences that are inserted into the stream of transmitted user data to implement adaptive methods for receiving messages;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol such as a raised cosine to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal.

The monophonic signal of multiposition phase shift keying (M-PSK, M = 2, 4, or 8) formed in the ADF 23 in the 3 kHz band of the OBP sound channel is fed to the input of the DKMV radio station 22, where it is used to form the DKMV radio signal with the upper side band with suppressed carrier with a class of radiation 2K80J2DEN, amplify to the required power level, then through DKMV antenna 21 is transmitted through DKMV radio channel 31 to PO 3.

On PO 3 DKMV, the radio signal through the AFU 17 BH is fed to the BF RM 16. Then the message is fed to the input of the MFP 15, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and issued to the MCU 14, where it is checked for any errors in the case of an error decoder, and in the absence of errors, they are packaged in an ISO 8208 (or ACARS) package and issued to the input MM

13 for conversion into a package intended for transmission via MI 12 to airborne users (blocks 5, 8, 9 or 18).

In the process of exchanging packet data in the MB band in the VDL-2 mode when transmitting a packet from software 3 to ground users (ATC and AOK) at each software 3, a packet message is generated in the on-board end system (18, 5). A message containing the address of the recipient and the address of the sender (on-board address 3) is transmitted from the on-board computer 5 through the interface module 12 to the router module 13, where it is packaged in an ISO 8208 packet or ACARS network (packet) level. Then the message is transmitted to the channel layer module 14, where it is packaged in a VDL-2 channel layer packet containing verification sequences computed using a redundant cyclic code (CRC), and transmitted to the physical layer module 15, where it is carried out:

- data coding by Reed-Solomon code for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- mapping a sequence of three data bits into the phase of the signal symbol phase, relative coding of the neighboring symbol phase to implement relative 8-position phase shift keying (D8PSK);

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol such as a raised cosine with α = 0.6 to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal;

- formation of an MB signal with a radiation class of 14KOG1DE - with a band occupied by a 14 kHz signal, phase modulation (G) of a carrier of one digital channel without a subcarrier, data transmission (D) and multi-condition coding (E).

Formed to transmit a single-tone signal of 8-position relative phase shift keying (D8PSK) from the output of module 15 is fed to the input of a wide-range radio frequency module 16, where it is amplified to

the required power level and through a wide-range AFU 17 and MB, the radio channel 30 is transmitted to the ground-based complex 1, on which software 3 is registered.

On each NK 1 MB, the radio signal from the MB antenna 19 is fed to a terrestrial radio station of the 20 MB range, then the message is sent to the input of the data transmission apparatus 23, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and checked for errors not corrected by the decoder. In the absence of errors, an ISO 8208 or ACARS packet is formed from it and issued to the input of the computer 24 24 AWP, where it is packaged in a package designed for transmission via X.25 protocol over the terrestrial data network to consumers.

When transferring the packet in the opposite direction (from consumers to software 3), the message at the input / output 2 of the NK 1 is transmitted to the computer 24 AWP NK 1, where a packet is formed, for example, in accordance with ISO 8208 or ACARS, which is transmitted to the data transmission equipment 23 , where it is packaged in a packet of the data link layer, for example, VDL-2, containing verification sequences calculated using the excessive cyclic code (CRC), and carry out:

- Reed-Solomon data coding for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- mapping a sequence of three bits into the phase values of the carrier signal, relative phase encoding of adjacent symbols;

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol such as a raised cosine with α = 0.6 to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal;

- formation of an MB signal with a radiation class of 14KOG1DE (with a band occupied by a 14 kHz signal, phase modulation (G) of a carrier, one digital channel without a subcarrier, data transmission (D) and multi-condition coding (E).

Formed, for example, to transmit a signal of 8-position relative phase shift keying (D8PSK) from the output of the ADF 23, it is fed to the input of the radio station 20, where it is amplified to the required power level and transmitted via the antenna 19 via the 30 MB radio channel to PO 3.

On 3 MB software, the signal from the AFU AF 17 is fed to the RM 16, from the output of which the message is fed to the input of the MFP 15, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and then output to the MCU 14, where it is checked for the presence of errors not corrected by the decoder. In the absence of errors, the message is packaged in a package, for example, in accordance with ISO 8208 (or ACARS) and issued to the input MM 13, where it is formed for transmission via MI 12 to on-board users (blocks 5, 8, 9 or 18).

The system develops a communication system table containing the coordinates of NK 1, their addresses, air traffic control applications, the data transfer modes that they support in the MB and DKMV ranges, the allowed communication frequencies for different modes of data exchange of the MB and DKMV ranges, a time schedule for the emission of marker signals to each frequency DKMV and bring to each NK 1 and 3 (during pre-flight training) on the ground data network.

For each NK 1, for one time interval of 1-2 hours, one of the allowed frequencies of the DKMV range is activated. The communication frequencies of the MB range specified in the frequency support list are active. On each NK 1, at the active communication frequency, marker signals are emitted in the MB range with an interval of 2 minutes, in the DKMV range with an interval of 32 s according to the DKMV protocol of the HFDL data line. Information about the version of the system table (database version), the active frequencies of two neighboring NK 1, the slot assignment for the new frame, the receipt for all messages from software 3 received in the previous frame, the channel busy flag are entered into the DKMV marker signals. The access frame to the DKMV channel with a duration of 32 s is divided into 13 slots of 2.461538 s. The first slot is allocated for marker radiation from NK 1. Several (3-5) slots are assigned in each frame for random access of all software 3, the remaining slots for reserved access of specific software 3 upon request.

The on-board communication complex PO 3 begins to analyze the signals of the MB and DKMV marker markers, being parked in the airport zone after turning on the power and conducting automatic built-in control of technical health. Regardless of the functioning of the communication channel MB range software 3

constantly supports the communication channel of the DKMV range in the HFDL mode with that NK 1, the channel quality with which is the best or acceptable.

During the flight, each software 3 provides automatic selection of the operating frequency from the list of allowed frequencies, registration on the NK 1 on the selected channel, random and redundant access to the communication channel in multiple access mode with time division, data exchange with geographically separated ground-based complexes 1, combined using a terrestrial data network in a single system.

In the radio communication system, navigation and other data are exchanged over the MB radio link between the ground complex 1 and mobile objects 3 located within the radio horizon of NK 1. The messages received by the ground radio station 22 from the Air-to-Earth channel via the data transmission apparatus 23 are sent to the ground computer 24 workstation, which can be performed on the basis of a serial PC. In it, in accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, identification (comparison) of the software address 3 received in the message with the addresses of the moving objects stored in the memory of the computer 24 of the workstation is carried out. If the address of the moving object 3 coincides with the address stored in the list, information about the location, motion parameters of the software 3 and the state of its sensors are stored in the computer 24 arm. In the ground-based computer 24 AWP solve the problem of ensuring a constant stable radio communication with all N 3 software, and based on the information about the exact location of all software 3 and the parameters of their movement carry out the operation of storing messages in the ground-based computer 24 AWP and the necessary data are displayed on the monitor screen 27 AWP NK 1 in a form convenient for perception by an operator (dispatcher).

When going beyond the radio horizon; NK 1, at least one of PO 3 or approaching the border of a stable radio communication zone, ground-based complex 1 determines software one of PO 3, which it appoints as the first relay of messages. With a constant range change between PO 3 and NK 1, for a certain time, any of N N 3, whose location is known and optimal with respect to NK 1 and all other software 3, can be assigned as a relay for a certain time. By analyzing the location and motion parameters of the remaining software 3 determine the optimal ways of message delivery to the mobile object 3, remote from the NK 1 for the horizon, to the message recipient. The message from NK 1 through a serial chain, consisting, if necessary,

from several (from 1 to (N-1)) software 3, can be delivered to the required software 3 - the recipient. To do this, on NK 1 in the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, the address of the software 3 assigned by the first relay, if necessary, the addresses of other mobile objects 3 - repeaters, and the address of the software 3 - recipient, providing the specified message traffic, are laid down in predetermined bits of the transmitted codegram. Messages received and processed on software 3 in devices 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, are processed in message type analysis unit 9. If the message is intended for this software 3, then after analysis the question is solved about sending data via a bi-directional bus 18 to the software control system 3, or about sending a message in relay mode to neighboring software 3. To avoid collisions, minimize the number of bits in the transmitted message and relay data sequentially in time. When exchanging data via the dispatcher-pilot (CPDLC) communication line, especially in the presence of a potentially conflict situation, the crew must execute the commands of the NK 1 operator, which has more information about the air situation in its area of responsibility. To do this, with the help of the dispatcher, with the help of the dispatcher, a corresponding message is sent to the software 3, which is displayed on the screen of the airborne data recording unit 8 in the form of an agreed mark and forms in which, for example, the flight number or board number, flight altitude or other characteristics are displayed. Based on the data received from NK 1 in the on-board computer 5 software 3 together with the ground computer 24 solve the problem of the presence of dangerous proximity with neighboring software 3 taking into account their predicted positions and possible maneuvers, determine the time of the next communication sessions with information consumers. According to the information displayed on the screen of the airborne unit 8 for data recording, the crew of software 3, in agreement with the dispatcher of the NK 1, if necessary, determines the direction of further movement.

For each software 3, the motion paths of neighboring software 3, if necessary, are displayed on the screen of their own on-board unit 8 for data recording, and on the monitor screen 27 AWP, the trajectories of all software 3 in the area of the NK 1 using 3 marks characterizing the previous location of the software generated by calculators 5 and 24. As software 3 moves, obsolete marks are erased. During the pre-flight preparation of each movable object 3 using the interface 18, the necessary radio data are loaded into the memory of the on-board computer 5 in the form of a system table containing address lists,

coordinates of ground complexes and assigned communication frequencies. In NK 1, system tables are loaded using the input / output 2 of NK 1 for a terrestrial data network.

When priority messages for software 3 are transmitted from SC 1 in accordance with the urgency categories adopted in the radio communication system with mobile objects in the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, a message prohibition code is generated in the message header for the time allotted for broadcasting data from SC 1 to the selected software 3 _i taking into account the response time of software 3 to the received message and the delay time in the processing paths of discrete signals. The information received on the software 3 _i is displayed on the screen of the data recording unit 8 in the form of alphanumeric characters or in the form of dots and vectors. The remaining lower priority messages in accordance with the exchange protocol queue the corresponding category of urgency. In computers 5 and 24, the time of “aging” of information is determined, and if the message has not been transmitted to the communication channel for a period of time equal to the time of “aging”, then it is “erased” and a request is sent to send a new message.

When the NK 1 is operating in the direct radio visibility (short-range communication) mode, when signal relaying is not required, an address dependent automatic observation mode (ASD-A) is performed, i.e. address polling of software 3 by forming a message for transmission to a radio channel in accordance with the VDL-2 or VDL-ACARS exchange protocol in the MB band. The message dialed by the dispatcher NK 1 on the AWP control panel 28 is displayed on the AWP monitor 27 and after transmitting the message through the computer 24, the data transmission apparatus 23, the radio station 20, the antenna 19, through the radio channel 30, on-board wide-range antenna-feeder devices 17 software; 3, onboard wide-range radio-frequency modules 16 PO 3, physical layer module 15, channel layer module 14 of the communication communication module 11, the routing module 13 of the computing communication module 11, the interface module 12 of the computing communication module 11, it is supplied to the on-board computer 5, where the received in the address message with the address of software 3. Next, through the interface module 12, the message is transmitted to the analysis unit 9 of the type of relayed message to decrypt the received header (service part) of the message and is determined I mode equipment to 3. Information of the messages recorded in the onboard computer memory 5 and output as needed

to the screen of the data recording unit 8, which can be made in the form of a monitor or other display device.

Using a certain format of the message header from the output of the on-board shaper 10 of the type of relayed messages, the mode of free access to the communication channel for all moving objects 3 or the mode of fixed (redundant) access with a specific time interval for organizing data exchange with the ground complex 1 are set.

NK 1 for the VDL-2 and HFDL modes is the base (leading) station of the network and guarantees for each software registered on it 3 the required communication system characteristics, namely: the probability of timely message delivery with a given reliability and message flow intensity, i.e. the likelihood that the average message transmission delay will not exceed the required threshold for communication reliability no worse than 10 ^-6 and a given message flow rate from board 3. The average message transmission delay in VDL-2 and HFDL modes is largely due to random access collisions and is growing with an increase in the likelihood of collisions. The probability of collisions increases with increasing number of software 3 using one communication channel in random multiple access mode, and with increasing intensity of the message flow from each software. 3. Knowing the exact quantitative dependencies of the indicated parameters for different modes of data exchange, in NK 1 predict system characteristics depending on the number of software registered on one frequency channel 3. Registration of new software 3 is stopped (the "channel" flag of the communication channel is set in the marker), if predicted system characteristics degrade below a predetermined level, thereby reducing the likelihood of random access collisions and, consequently, a delay in the transmission of a message. Thus, as a result of the analysis of the state and loading of radio channels in each NK 1, the probability of random access collisions is predicted, and when this value exceeds the maximum permissible value, access to the NK 1 communication channels of new software 3 is terminated by the NK 1 command.

In order to minimize the likelihood of random access collisions, not to interfere with the current message transmission, in the VDL-2 mode, a Carrier Listening Multiple Access Protocol (CSMA) is implemented. To do this, in the ADF 23, the calculator 24 NK 1 and the modules 15 of the physical level and 14 channel level software 3 before transmitting each message is carried out

listening to the channel (monitoring of carrier occupancy) to detect the preamble, header or useful part of the messages. A prepared message with software 3 is transmitted only if the radio channel is free. In order to spread in time the moments when different moving objects 3 and NK 1 communicate, when after the channel was busy all the correspondents found that the radio channel is free, pseudo-random message transmission delays from the calculator 24 NK 1 and in the module 14 of the channel level software 3 movable objects 3 (for each software 3 own) and from NK 1. On each of software 3, the end time of the carrier frequency signal in the radio channel and synchronization pulses are used to initiate the calculation in module 14 of the channel level of the time interval of the proper Chi and within this interval the module 15 via the physical layer module 16 and the AFU 17 ON 3 transmit their own data packet.

In HFDL mode, part of the TDMA frame slots are also reserved for random access. If a packet with software 3 is transmitted in a random access slot and a positive receipt for this transmission is not found in the marker of the next frame, then they decide that a random access collision has occurred and initiate a collision avoidance algorithm for software 3, in which a pseudo-random delay is introduced, expressed in slots, retransmission of a packet from the board. This reduces the likelihood of re-collision.

When operating in the broadcast automatic dependent surveillance (ADS-B) mode using the VDL-4 MB data line, the time division and self-organization multiple access protocol (STDMA) is used. This protocol is a combination of the CSMA and TDMA protocols, in which the channel usage time is rigidly divided into frames (frames) and slots, but there is no master station that controls the scheduling of slots. Each correspondent selects access slots independently by pre-listening to the air for 1 minute (duration of the superframe) and identifying free slots that can be occupied without conflict with other channel users. With a single slot duration of 13.333 milliseconds, in which one message packet with a length of 32 bytes can be transmitted at a data rate of 19200 bps of VDL-4 mode, one frame (frame) of 1 second duration contains 75 slots, and a superframe of 1 minute duration contains 4500 slots . The actual packet length is not

must exceed 30 bytes in order to leave 2 bytes (1 ms) for the delay of the transmitter output at full power and desync in the line. VDL-4 timeline reference accuracy with GNSS receivers is 100 μs. The distribution of slots periodically from one superframe to another. If software 3 selected a sequence of slots in a superframe, then in the next superframe it will either broadcast in slots with the same serial numbers, or will warn about their change in advance. NK 1 have the right to reserve several slots (by default 8) at the beginning of each second for important periodic transmissions to software 3, for example, differential correction signals, etc. A random access collision of two software 3 can occur only when they are turned on simultaneously (up to a minute) ) To solve this problem, the slot selection algorithm is made pseudo-random, i.e. when turned on, two correspondents select different sets of slots for broadcasting. The probability of coincidence of all selected slots is close to zero. When navigating at a flight level at a flight altitude of 10,000 km, radio visibility radius R = 400 km, channel capacity VDL-4 S = 75 slots per second, time for updating position information T = 10 seconds, the number of moving objects 3 that can be serviced without collisions random access in the radio visibility zone of NK 1 is N = 750 (N = ST). At the same time, for each software 3 there is a free slot. This value lies far beyond the real air traffic of even the busiest airports in Europe. With the interval of updating information about the position of software 3 T = 1 second at one frequency in VDL-4 mode, you can serve N = 75 software 3, when there are enough slots for everyone. At two frequencies, it is guaranteed to serve the maximum number of software 3, equal to N = 150 in a zone of radius R = 400 km. If in the line of sight there are more than 150 PO 3, for example, 300 PO 3, then the radius r of the guaranteed service zone in VDL-4 mode with such a saturation of airspace will decrease to 280 km, i.e. will be determined not by the line of sight radius, but by the number of software 3, which NK 1 guarantees reliable service [13]. When N is small and there are enough slots for all software, the range of the ADS-B system is simply equal to the range of MB radio communications, and when N is so large that there are not enough slots for all, the range of the system is limited by the radius

a circle centered in NK 1, which covers so much software 3 that each of them gets at least one individual access slot every T seconds.

The higher the traffic density, the smaller the radius of guaranteed service of one NK 1. For European countries, where M _max = 300 in the line of sight of NK 1 seems real in the near future, the radius of the guaranteed service zone of one NK 1, equal to 280 km, is quite acceptable . Thus, in terms of its throughput, the VDL-4 MB data transfer mode far exceeds the existing requirements of the air traffic control system of the present and can be effectively used in future systems. When operating in automatic dependent broadcast monitoring (ADS-B) or (ADS-B) mode, two global channels (GSC1 and GSC2) are allocated worldwide for flight on the echelon. In this case, the software 3 carries out independent broadcasting on these channels with the same period and the shift of the packets in one channel relative to the other by about half the period, in order to ensure uniformity of the information received on the two channels together. In heavily loaded airports, two or more local channels are allocated (LSC1, LSC2). Thus, increasing the throughput of the communication system, its scaling is provided. Therefore, each software 3 must have at least four independent MB transceivers for VDL-4 [3]. Such an opportunity on board appears with the introduction of wide-range AFU 17, ShD RM 16, MFU 15, MKU 14.

Messages about the location of software 3 and its motion parameters from the outputs of receivers 7 and 25 of the signals of navigation satellite systems, for example, GLO-HACC / GPS, are recorded in the memory of computers 5 and 24 with reference to global time [3, 4, 5]. The exact synchronization of the slots used for data exchange between subscribers of the system, and their planned use for transmission is known to each user in relation to surrounding users with known coordinates. The control protocol for accessing the VDL-4 channel on each movable object 3 is carried out in the channel level module 14, and on HK 1 - in the data transmission equipment 23 and the AWP 24 computer.

Although in VDL-4 mode, NK 1 is an equal user of the channel along with all other software 3 and the basic version of the channel access protocol does not require access scheduling by the NK, it is obvious that such a dispatch by the ground complex is expedient to reduce

the time spent on the study of channel occupancy by each software 3 (1 minute) when choosing access slots. The communication time of each software 3 can be reduced if the transmission of special messages from NK 1 containing information about free access slots in its service area is provided. Since NK 1 constantly monitors the channel, it has full information about the dynamics of the access protocol to the channel. The assignment of slots for software 3 by ground complex 1 will completely avoid random access collisions, as well as reduce the time and computational costs of software 3 for choosing access slots for the VDL-4 channel. If NK 1 reserves several slots (by default 8) at the beginning of each second for transmitting information about free slots to software 3, then with a monitoring interval of software 3 T = 1 second, hardware 1 can serve up to 67 software 3 without mutual interference, with an interval tracking T = 10 seconds the number of guaranteed serviced by one NK 1 PO 3 increases to 670.

In calculators 5 and 24, the AZN-B data is used to calculate the navigation characteristics and motion parameters of each software 3. Depending on the selected time interval for the issuance of information about the location of software 3 on computer 1 in calculator 5 at the specified time, a corresponding message is generated with reference to global time measurements of coordinates of software 3. This time is used in the computer 24 NK 1 for the well-known operation of constructing extrapolation marks from software 3 [3]. In the data transmission equipment 23 NC 1 and modules 14 and 15 of the software 3 carry out well-known operations: modulation and demodulation, encoding and decoding.

Thanks to the ground-based data network with inputs / outputs 4, which combines all M NK 1, information of automatic dependent monitoring and other CNS / ATM applications from remote over long distances (up to 4-6 thousand km and more) software 3 equipped with devices 14, 15, 16, 17 with the DKMV radio link control function, is communicated to all NK 1 of the radio communication system, although the remote software 3 keeps in touch with only one NK 1, the marker signal quality of which is the best for software 3 at the moment.

To do this, on-board and ground computers 5 and 24 store pre-laid system tables with lists of ground systems 1 with their coordinates, addresses and sets of frequencies assigned to them. On each NK 1 periodically emit marker signals (control / synchronization / communication) on

active frequency. In modules 14 and 15 of software 3 and on-board computer 5 (through modules 13, 12 of communication computing module 11), software 3 automatically analyzes the received marker signals from all ground complexes 1 at all frequencies and selects the best frequency (for example, by the criterion of the maximum measured by the demodulator at receiving the entire packet of an effective signal-to-noise ratio, taking into account the set of data transmission services provided by NK 1 (for example, only ACARS or ACARS + ATN, ISO 8208, RLS), and also taking into account the serviceability of the NK 1 interface with a terrestrial communication network). According to the effective signal-to-noise ratio measured at a selected frequency in module 15, in module 14 of computing module 11 of communication software 3, the maximum allowable data rate and the type of modulation and coding are selected. Evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratio is carried out by all NK 1 and software 3 of the system every time you receive any message packet. The value of the selected maximum allowable data rate is reported to the opposite side in the form of the recommended data rate. In the ground equipment 23 data transmission when working on the radio station 22 DKMV range; and in on-board modules 15, 14 of PO 3, well-known algorithms of high-speed adaptive modems designed for operation in multipath channels can be used, for example, a demodulation algorithm using an equalizer with decisive feedback, a suboptimal reception Viterbi algorithm as a whole with elementwise decision making in multipath conditions , maximum likelihood algorithm with identification of the current channel parameters (channel impulse response) based on stochastic approximation methods, etc. All using The received reception algorithms must satisfy the noise immunity requirements specified in ARINC 635. The interference immunity of the reception algorithms must be checked under controlled conditions using machine simulation using the channel simulator recommended in ITU-R regulations (Rec. ITU-R F-520-2 )

The implementation of adaptive reception methods provides in DCMV channels an energy gain of the order of 9 dB compared to traditional modems with a guard interval for combating multipath. This is equivalent to increasing the reliability of communication by 20-30% or increasing by 3-4 thousand km of communication range at a higher (10-20 times) data transfer rate.

Thus, each of software 3 can communicate at several operating frequencies, known to all participants in the movement. The transport systems associated with the transportation of passengers and strategic cargo, the international communication regulations allot a certain set of operating frequencies that are distributed between the NK 1. The lists of allocated frequencies vary depending on the time of year, and the operating frequency for each PC 1 from the list of allocated frequencies is activated for each an hour or two hours of the time of day. When moving, software 3 gets in touch, choosing that NK 1 for communication, the conditions for the propagation of radio waves for communication with which at a given time are optimal. Moreover, it is not necessary that the selected NK 1 be the closest. The communication channel thus constructed between PO 3 and the terrestrial consumer (source) of information, as a rule, will include an on-board data transmission network and a terrestrial data transmission network, interconnected by a DKMV radio line 31. As soon as the quality of the communication channel 31 degrades below an acceptable level, on board using modules 14 and 15 of software 3, a new optimal operating frequency is selected based on an analysis of the propagation conditions of the radio waves and a new one corresponding to it NK 1. Thus, they provide high (about 99.9 ) reliability of communication during data exchange with software 3 located from NK 1 at distances from several hundred to 4-6 thousand kilometers or more.

The synchronization of the work of the terrestrial data transmission network is carried out on the basis of the use by all participants of the movement of the united global universal time (UTC) received from existing objects of the global navigation satellite system using receivers 7 and 25.

For the interaction of ground-based complexes 1, end users and software 3, a ground-based data network with inputs / outputs 4 for NK 1 is used. It can be implemented by known methods, for example, when the NK 1 is internetworked through packet switching centers in accordance with the X.25 protocol [four]. Connections between NK 1 and X.25 packet switching centers (routers) can be provided through specially allocated or leased communication channels. They will allow broadcasting a message addressed by a ground user to a specific software 3 to that ground complex 1 on which this software 3 is “registered” and where optimal conditions for DKMV reception are provided at a given time. The radio communication system with software 3 operates in automatic mode without operator intervention at the selected frequencies from

the list of frequencies assigned during communication planning. When transmitting data over a DCMV line, each frequency channel is used over time division multiple access (TDMA) protocol. The access time to the frequency channel is divided into frames of 32 s duration, each of which in turn is divided into 13 intervals (slots) of 2.461538 s duration. Used, short packets (about 67-405 user bytes) of messages lasting 2.37 seconds, transmitted in a given time slot in accordance with the purpose of each slot, produced by NK 1, at the end of each frame and transmitted by NK 1 broadcast in the communication / control / signal synchronization (marker) in the first slot of each frame. The transfer of the marker at each active frequency has its offset relative to the beginning of the leading frame, indicated in the system table. On one DKMV channel, NK 1 provides service for up to 26 PO 3 with a typical message flow rate of 11 messages / hour from airborne and AOK, 6 messages / hour from the ground with an average packet transmission delay not exceeding 60 s. In a special mode of automatic periodic broadcasting from on-board in the DKMV range of coordinate information using the HFDL mode on one frequency channel, up to 12 PO 3 can be served at a tracking interval of T = 32 seconds, 24 PO 3 at T = 64 s, 36 PO 3 at T = 96 s, 48 PO 3 at T = 128 s, etc.

The main advantage of using 3 devices 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, introduced on the software, based on the principles of integrated modular avionics (IMA), presented, for example, in [7, 8, 9], and the “program-defined radio” method , consists in the highest level of configurability and flexibility provided by the architecture. The highest level of configurability implemented in the proposed software 3 equipment is completely flexible types of modulation, line level protocols, networks and user functions, the ability to change the signal bandwidth and center frequency according to the program over a wide range [7]. Thanks to the claimed system, it becomes possible to create (using the on-board calculator 5 and the corresponding modules 15, 14 with a wide-band radio frequency module 16) a wide-range programmable radio station of a new type, working in conjunction with wide-band AFU 17 in both MB and DKMV bands. Module 15 of the physical layer of software 3 contains high-speed ADCs and DACs with a large dynamic range and is based on high-performance signal processors that are digitally

they realize most of the functions of the physical level, for example, the operations of frequency conversion, filtering, frequency synthesis, exciter receptor. It is intended for the generation and processing of radio signals at the physical level (encoding / decoding, interleaving / deinterleaving, scrambling / descrambling data, modulation / demodulation, implementing adaptive methods for transmitting and receiving signals, bandpass filtering, frequency conversion, etc.). The channel-level module 14 provides protocols for selecting communication frequencies, composing a communication line, exchanging line-level data and accessing the Air-to-Earth subnet, exchanging with software routing module 13, providing fail-safe operation, and other procedures. Routing module 13 provides the distribution of Air-to-Earth messages received from MB and DKMV channels in the form of ISO 8208 packets or ACARS packets to end users on board and in the opposite direction. The interface module 12 provides all the necessary interfaces with the on-board equipment, for example, via the ARINC 429, ARINC 664, ARINC 646 protocols and others.

SD AFU 17 and modules 16, 15, 14 integrate the functions of MB and DKMV radio stations, data transmission equipment (codec, modem) with software implementation of the equipment operating modes (types of modulation, coding) with the possibility of introducing new operating modes of the modules programmatically via bus 18 , on-board computer 5 and the corresponding series-connected modules 12 and 13 included in the computing module 11 of the communication. The wide-band radio frequency module 16 contains radio frequency analog equipment. Computing communication module 11, which is part of software 3, provides functional interaction with airborne devices 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 15 and event sensors 6.

The channel level module 14 is designed to control the choice of frequency channels, establish communication lines and register on NK 1, for packing, unpacking messages, controlling access to the channel, additional encoding / decoding with a redundant cyclic CRC code to detect errors that are not corrected at the physical level, automatically repeat request, cryptographic protection at the channel level, control of fault isolation and restoration of performance due to reconfiguration of the on-board system, etc. It is implemented, for example, on a processor board 5066-586-133MHz-1MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card from Octagon Systems.

The router module 13 interacts with the link layer module 14 at the subnet access level using the ISO 8208 protocol (in the ATN environment) or the ARINC 619 protocol (in the ACARS environment) in accordance with the specified data transfer modes and can be implemented on a universal computer such as a processor board 5066 -586-133MHz-1 MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card from Octagon Systems.

The interface module 12 provides the interaction of the communication computing module 11 with the avionics (devices 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) at different joints, for example, a discrete signal in accordance with ARINC 429, ARINC 664, ARINC 646, a one-time command and through an on-board computer 5, a bi-directional bus 18 with a moving object control system 3. It can be performed, for example, on an AFDX switch [10].

The physical layer module 15 provides parallel real-time processing of the signals of all b wide-range radio frequency modules 16, which are necessary together with the modules 17 for organizing data lines in the DCMV and MB bands. Moreover, in the event of a malfunction of one of the modules 16 connected to the onboard wide-range antenna-feeder device 17, instead of a failed module 16, another serviceable module 16 is programmatically connected using the channel-level module 14, made, for example, on a universal computer. In this case, all the functions of processing and generating a signal of the corresponding radio communication channel, data processing and information closure (if necessary) will be performed by the software method in the form of complete software modules. Interaction of software modules will be carried out according to predefined interaction rules (protocols and interaction procedures, input and output data), which will ensure their prompt change (replacement of the program code), if necessary, during the flight. This provides the ability to generate and process any signal and data, information closure, an interface with external equipment according to various algorithms and standards, even when software 3 is located on the borders of 2 zones of responsibility of automated air traffic control systems, in which for data exchange between NK 1 and 3, various data link modes are used, for example, VDL-2 and VDL-4. Thus, at the level of communication channels (physical, channel levels, including cryptographic protection of the channel, network access) module 16,

connected to the onboard SD AFU 17, together with the physical layer module 15 and the channel layer module 14, they provide compatibility with various types of Air-to-Earth data lines. In addition, the module 15 sets the transmission frequency, bandwidth, etc. Module 15 is based on high-speed signal processors, which includes:

- Interfaces and gateways (input-output and data conversion) based on, for example, a matrix of gateways programmed by fields (FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)) no PCI technology (VME);

- signal processors, for example, type DSP ADSP-21060 (company Analog Devices), programmable logic integrated circuits EPF10K50 (company AI-tera), AVR ATmega16 controllers (company Atmel) for monitoring and controlling the processing process (for modem codecs, filters) ;

- universal computing processor that implements the air-to-Earth data exchange protocols, fault detection and isolation inside module 15, reconfiguration of module 15.

At the time of application submission, functioning algorithms and corresponding software of the claimed radio communication system have been developed. The nodes and tires 1, 2, 4-10, 18-31 are the same as the prototype. The input nodes 17 and 16 can be performed on the basis of technical solutions of the Kanis development center [19]. Calculators 5 and 24 can be performed on a processor board 5066-586-133MHz-1 MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card manufactured by Octagon Systems and a baguette-01-07 computer type YuKSU.466225. 001 respectively. Onboard wide-range antenna-feeder devices can be performed, for example, on a combination of antennas MB and DKMV ranges, divided by frequency with corresponding band-pass filters.

Thus, the introduced on-board equipment software 3 performs the functions of channelization (a set of radio stations), data transmission equipment (codec, modem, channel level protocol controller) with software implementation of equipment operating modes (types of modulation, coding, exchange protocols) with the possibility of introducing new operating modes programmatically via an external interface (bus 18). On-board equipment software 3 is a constructive and functional technical solution with the maximum use of digital signal processing in individual devices that perform the functions of filtering, frequency conversion, amplification, generation and processing of signals (encoding, decoding, modulation,

demodulation, frequency selection, etc.), air-to-earth data exchange protocol management, communication management (message routing), on-board avionics exchange, monitoring of technical health not only to detect failures, but also to isolate failures and reconfigure equipment to ensure high hardware reliability. This ability allows providing close to 1 probability of equipment operation without failures during the flight, even in the presence of malfunctions of some modules without after-hours service (scheduled maintenance only), to simplify the replacement and repair of failed modules. Resource reservation is provided both at the level of electronic components and at the module level.

The inventive model has the following advantages:

- increases the hardware reliability of airborne equipment due to automatic backup and reconfiguration, which is especially important during the flight;

- simplifies the operation of software 3 software - only scheduled maintenance remains with the replacement and repair of failed modules;

- increases the reliability of communication between NK 1 and SO 3 located at the borders of two zones of responsibility of automated air traffic control systems, in which different data line modes and different CNS / ATM applications are used to exchange data between NK 1 and SO 3. This is ensured by the automatic execution of communication support procedures, identification of the ground station, initial installation of the line, modification of the line parameters, handoff procedures, auto-tuning and other MB communication procedures, and programmatic selection of the required operating mode of the airborne complex. For example, in one zone, the CPDLC application is implemented by NK 1 in the VDL-ACARS data transmission mode with AM-MSK signals at a speed of 2400 bps, in the other zone the same application is implemented in VDL-2 data transmission mode with D8PSK signals at a speed of 31500 bps , in the third zone, the ADS-B application is implemented in the VDL-4 data transmission mode with GFSK signals at a speed of 19200 bit / s, etc. These new features of software 3 provide increased interoperability, integrity, transparency of the ATM system.

- increases the range, reliability, efficiency, reliability of the DKMV communication, the efficiency of using the frequency spectrum through the use of adaptive methods of reception, adaptation in frequency, data rate,

types of modulation and coding, the protocol of multiple access to the channel with frequency and time division;

- the algorithms for processing signals from sensors and other peripheral devices remain the same, which reduces the likelihood of errors when programming a computing communication module;

- the proposed structure can solve the problems of the transition from the development of on-board communication systems, the change in the characteristics of which is determined by a change in the hardware, to devices that are easily upgraded based on software with the same hardware. The advantages of such a structure are obvious:

- increases the service life - the life cycle of equipment in the context of continuous improvement of air-to-Earth data exchange protocols;

- the number and nomenclature of spare property and accessories is reduced due to the use of similar units in on-board equipment;

- the operation process is simplified - the replacement of a faulty radio-frequency module in flight is carried out automatically by the same type module for all ranges with the corresponding software entered. Routine maintenance is carried out strictly according to the schedule;

- the cost of equipment modernization is reduced due to the correction of only software.

As a result, interoperability, integrity, transparency, radio communication systems with moving objects, which is an object of the ATM system, are improved, and the quality of aircraft service is improved.

LITERATURE:

1. RF patent No. 44907 U1. M. cl. HBB 7/00, 2005.

2. RF patent (utility model) No. 52290 U1, M. Kl. HB04 7/26. (prototype).

3. D.S. Kontorov, Yu.S. Golubev-Novozhilov. Introduction to radar systems engineering. - M .; Owls Radio, 1971, 367 pp.

4. B.I. Kuzmin “Digital Telecommunication Networks and Systems”, part 1 “Concept” of ICAO CNS / ATM. Moscow St. Petersburg: NIIER OJSC, 1999, 206 p.

5. GPS - a global positioning system. - M .: PRIN, 1994, 76 p.

6. Guidance on the HF data link (Doc9741 - AN / 962). First edition. - ICAO, 2000, 148 p.

7. RTCA / DO-297. Guidance on the development of IMA and consideration of its certification, 2005.

8. ARINC 651. Guidance on the development of integrated modular avionics. 1991.

9. ARINC 653-1. Standard avionics application software interfaces. 2003.

10. ARINC 664. On-board data network. In 7 parts. 2005.

11. ARINC 753-3. DKMV system of data transmission HFDL 2001.

12. ARINC 635-3. DKMV protocols of data transmission HFDL. 2001.

13. Automated air traffic control systems: New information technologies in aviation: Textbook. The allowance / P.M. Akhmedov, A.A. Bibutov, A.V. Vasiliev and others; under the editorship of S.G. Pyatko and A.I. Krasov. - St. Petersburg: Polytechnic, 2004.

14. RTCA / DO-224A. Aeronautical Systems Minimum Signal Structure Standards (MASPS) Standards for Advanced VHF Digital Data Transmission, including Compatibility with Digital Voice Technologies. 2000.

15. RTCA / DO-265. Minimum Performance Requirement Standards (MOPS) for the aeronautical mobile high frequency data line (HFDL). 2000.

16. Appendix 10 to the ICAO Agreements. Volume 3. Part 1. Chapter 6. VHF Digital Air Link (VDL) Air-to-Earth.

17. Appendix 10 to the ICAO Agreements. Volume 3. Part 1. Chapter 11. HF data link (HFDL).

18. ED-100A Interoperability requirements for air traffic services (ATS) applications using ARINC 622.2000 data communications.

19. Sketch-technical project for the ROC "Kanis". FSUE NPP Polet; Nizhny Novgorod. 2005, 260 p.

Claims (1)

A radio communication system with mobile objects (PO), comprising M territorially spaced ground-based communication complexes (NK) and N mobile objects interconnected by air-to-air communication channels of the MB range, and using the air-to-Earth radio communication channels MB and DKMV bands - with M ground-based complexes that are interconnected via a ground-based data network, each mobile object of which contains an on-board computer, the first input / output of which is connected to the bi-directional bus of the mobile object control system, and each terrestrial complex contains terrestrial antennas of the MB and DKMV bands, respectively connected with terrestrial radio stations of the MB and DKMV bands, connected by two-way communications via the ground-based data transmission equipment to the first input / output of the computer of the automated workstation, the second input / output of which is connected to NK input / output for a terrestrial data network, the third input / output is to a relay type transmitter, the first input is connected to a signal receiver of navigation satellite systems ( LONASS / GPS), the second input is connected to the AWP control panel, and the output is connected to the AWP monitor, characterized in that b pairs of interconnected onboard wide-range antenna-feeder devices and wide-range radio-frequency modules, the inputs / outputs of which are bilateral, are introduced on each moving object communications are connected to the entered physical layer module connected to the input communication computing module, consisting of channel-level module, router module, and series-connected bi-directional communications interface module, the inputs of which are connected to the on-board sensors, the receiver of the navigation satellite system, the output is to the data recording unit, the first input / output is to the on-board analyzer of the type of received messages, the second input / output is to the on-board driver of the type of relayed messages, the third input / output - to the on-board computer, and in each ground complex, the fourth input / output of the computer of the workstation is connected to the first control input of the DKMV ground-based radio station, the fifth input / output of the computer The computer of the workstation is connected to the first control input of the terrestrial radio station in the MB range, where b is the number of pairs of onboard wide-range antenna-feeder devices and wide-range radio-frequency modules interconnected to obtain specified reliability indicators.