RU68119U1 - CARTRIDGE FOR INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to cartridges for industrial blasting and can be used for blasting as well charges when blasting on the earth's surface in wells of any degree of water cut. A cartridge is proposed consisting of two or more polymer shells containing ammonium nitrate explosive material (BM) having a density of 1000 kg / m-1350 kg / m, placed in a sealed waterproof inner shell. The density of the VM is ensured by grinding a part of ammonium nitrate (with a granular ratio: crushed ammonium nitrate with a particle size of 0.1 to 1.2 mm from 9: 1 to 1: 9) used in the technological process for producing granular explosive material or introducing granular explosive material into the composition BM - emulsion explosive or its matrix (5.0-70.0 wt.% From the mass of the charge). The cartridge has a strong outer shell and a sealed inner shell, in which the lower end of the inner shell is welded and the upper is sealed in one of the ways: the end is assembled into a “forelock” and tightly pulled together with a plastic hook or clipped or tied with twine, while the “forelock” of the inner shell is refilled under the outer shell. It is allowed to seal the neck of the inner shell by brewing or folding the shell, followed by filling the “roll” under the outer shell.

This cartridge with a density of VM more than the density of water, can be used to load flooded wells with non-water-resistant ammonium nitrate explosives. The effectiveness of the cartridge is increased by increasing the bulk density of the VM.

Description

The utility model relates to cartridges (caps) for industrial blasting. It is used to form borehole charges during blasting on the earth's surface in wells of any degree of water cut, including with running water.

Known cartridge with a charge diameter of 36-45 mm., Containing rock ammonite No. 1, consisting of 66% waterproof ammonium nitrate, 5% TNT, 24% RDX and 5% aluminum powder. Pressed rock ammonite No. 1 is chucked into paper sleeves consisting of 2.5-3.5 layers of paper, multilayer paper treated on the surface with a waterproof mixture of paraffin and petrolatum [1]. Rock ammonite No. 1 is also made in bulk cartridges with a diameter of 28, 32, 50, 80, 100 and 120 mm. The disadvantage of these cartridges is the high sensitivity of rocky ammonite to mechanical stress and fire, the high cost of the explosives used and the low strength of the shell.

With a lower sensitivity to mechanical stress, a cartridge-like ammonium powder explosive is known. Ammonal consists of 80.5% of ammonium nitrate of the ZhV brand, 15% of TNT and 4.5% of aluminum powder. Available in a cartridge form with a diameter of 31-32 mm, as well as 60, 90, 100 and 120 mm. (2).

Known cartridge containing explosive material ammonite No. 6ZHV (in a polyethylene sheath, with a diameter of the cartridge 60-90 mm.). These cartridges are not suitable for loading water-filled wells, since they do not sink in water. (3)

A known method of performing an explosive charge for charging flooded wells in a sealed single or double polyethylene

the shell, the length of which exceeds the length of the placed charge is not less than 1.2 times. The cartridge shell is filled with a non-water-resistant explosive, such as grammonite, sealed, and in the mining enterprise-consumer, by depressurization of the upper part of the shell with the cartridge vertical position, add 10-12% ammonium nitrate solution with the subsequent lowering of the cartridge into the well [4].

Cartridges with explosives are also known to receive water into which through holes in the inner waterproof shell and / or valve (5).

The main disadvantages of these cartridge designs are the duration of the loading process, the high probability of dissolution of the water-soluble components of the explosive and, accordingly, charge failures.

An explosive mixture and a method for producing a borehole charge are patented [6]. An explosive mixture containing 35-25 wt.% Of a powder explosive - ammonite, or ammonal, or diamonal or a mixture thereof in any ratio, 65-75 wt.% Granular explosive - granulite, or grammonite, or grammotol, or granulotol, or mixtures thereof in any ratio. The explosive mixture is placed in a cylindrical two-layer shell, consisting of inner and outer shells. The inner shell is made of waterproof polymer material with a diameter greater than the diameter of the well, and the outer one is made of polymeric material or paper with a diameter equal to 0.7-0.8 of the diameter of the well with perforation along its generatrix. When loading a well, the cartridge moves freely in the well under the action of its own weight. When the cartridge hits the bottom of the well or the surface of the water mirror, the outer weakened by perforation, the shell breaks, and the internal moisture-resistant shell spreads over the entire cross section of the well. A cartridge with explosives, under the influence of its own weight and the weight of the overlying cartridges, is immersed to the bottom of the well, completely filling the entire cross section. Filling the cartridge with the declared explosive mixture with bulk

density, greater than the density of water, is produced by free filling without additional compaction of explosives. The disadvantage of the proposed design is the possibility of jamming the cartridge in the well when it hits the surface of the water mirror, gusts of the inner polymer shell on the walls of the well during the movement of the cartridge, as well as the high cost of the explosive mixture due to the use of powder explosives

The closest model (prototype) in terms of essential features is a cartridge for industrial blasting (7.) A polyethylene shell is sewn into or inserted into the polypropylene shell. The bottom parts of both shells or only the bottom part of the polypropylene shell are 180 ° bent and stitched with two machine seams in a straight line. The bottom of these shells or only the bottom of the polypropylene shell is sewn with one seam along a concave line. Additionally, a second polyethylene sheath is sewn into or inserted into the polypropylene sheath. All the necks of the shells are joined together and stitched with one or two machine seams. The disadvantage of this design is the uncontrolled flow of water into the cartridge, through the holes in the place where the threads pass through the shell, the high probability of dissolution of ammonium nitrate and the need, after charging wells with running water, blasting for one day.

When creating a useful model, the task was to offer a cartridge for blasting, which can be used to charge waterlogged wells, expanding the scope of non-water-resistant explosives, increasing the effectiveness of the cartridge by increasing the bulk density of the explosive mixture.

To achieve this technical result, a cartridge for industrial blasting is proposed consisting of two or more polymer shells containing granular ammonium nitrate explosive material (BM), which is placed in a sealed waterproof inner shell. The tightness of the inner shell is achieved by the fact that the lower end of the shell is welded, and the upper is sealed

one of the ways: the butt is assembled into a “forelock” and tightly pulled together with a plastic hook or clipped or tied with twine, while the “forelock” inside is tucked under the outer shell. It is allowed to seal the neck of the inner shell by brewing or folding the shell, followed by filling the “roll” under the outer shell. VM has a density of 1000-1350 kg / m ³ provided by grinding parts of ammonium nitrate (with a granular: crushed ammonium nitrate ratio of 9: 1 to 1: 9) used in the manufacturing process of producing granulated VM or by introducing into the composition of a granulated VM an emulsion explosive or its matrix (5.0-70.0 wt.% of the mass of the charge)

Preferably, the bottom of the outer shell is bent 180 ° and stitched with one or more machine seams. To avoid jamming the cartridge in the well, the bottom of the outer shell is additionally stitched with two intersecting seams along a concave line.

As a VM, the cartridge uses grammonites, granulites, igdanites, ammonites, rheoflexes, emulsion explosives and other ammonium nitrate explosives.

To increase the density of the VM in the cartridge, the use of a rattle is possible.

It is preferable to use waterproof polymeric materials as the inner shell: polyethylene, polypropylene and other materials, as a durable outer shell to use woven polymeric materials: polypropylene, polyethylene and other materials.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1-2. The cartridge for industrial blasting contains explosive material (1, see FIG. 2, section AA) in a polyethylene sheath (3), and is additionally provided with a polypropylene sheath (2). In this case, one or more polyethylene sheaths are inserted into the polypropylene sheath. The bottom of the outer shell is 180 ° bent and stitched with one or more machine seams

the shell is bent 180 ° and stitched with one or more machine seams (5). In addition, the bottom of the polypropylene shell is sewn with two seams along a concave line (4). The neck of the polyethylene sheath is sealed in one of the ways: the end is assembled into a “forelock” and tightly pulled together with a plastic hook or clipped or tied with twine (5), while the “forelock” of the inner shell is tucked under the outer shell. It is allowed to seal the neck of the inner shell by brewing or folding the shell, followed by filling the “roll” under the outer shell. The neck of the polypropylene shell is stitched with one or two machine seams or bent 180 ° and stitched with one or two machine seams.

The development of an explosive mixture with a density greater than the density of water was achieved (according to option 1) by introducing in the composition of the granulated ammonium nitrate explosive a part of ammonium nitrate in a crushed form (10.0-90.0 wt.% Of the whole ammonium nitrate) with a particle size of 0.1 to 1.2 mm. The device for grinding (disintegrator or other) is mounted in the technological scheme for producing explosives, with the removal of part of the flow of ammonium nitrate to the grinder. The filling of the cartridge with the inventive explosive mixture with a bulk density, a greater density of water, is carried out by free filling as with additional compaction (vibration compaction), and without compaction.

The development of an explosive mixture with a density greater than the density of water is also possible by introducing into the composition of a granular ammonium nitrate explosive emulsion explosive or simply an emulsion matrix (hereinafter emulsion) 10.0-70.0 wt.% Of the charge mass (option 2). The introduction of the emulsion into the charge is possible, both at the stage of preparing the granular explosive, and by supplying the emulsion to the packaging set before or after filling the granular explosive or explosive obtained according to the first embodiment.

The results of the experimental data are shown in the table (see table).

Table Name BB The density of the granules, kg / cm ³ The density of explosives, kg / cm ³ Brisantness * for compression of a lead cylinder, mm Cost, tons / t Ammonite No. 6ZHV 1480-1540 800-850 12 16 Grammonite 79/21 1480-1540 800-850 10 12 The inventive explosive mixture (Option 1) ** Grammonite 79/21 (10% crushed am. Nitrate) 1480-1540 1100-1150 10.7 12 Grammonite 79/21 (20% chopped am.salt) 1480-1540 1150-1270 eleven 12 The inventive explosive mixture (Option 2) ** Grammonite 79/21 (10% emulsion) 1480-1540 1120-1170 eleven 11.5 Grammonite 79/21 (20% emulsion) 1480-1540 1180-1300 12 eleven * according to the methodology of VostNII ** detonation transmission between two cartridges after exposure to water for 2 days is complete

As follows from the table, the density of the explosive mixture of more than 1000 kg / m ³ can be achieved by distributing crushed nitrate or emulsion explosives (or emulsion matrix) in the intergranular space, with or without additional compaction. The density of the explosive mixture in a cartridge with a seal is higher than without a seal.

The developed explosive mixture is placed in a cartridge (package) consisting of two shells, the inner shell being made in the form of an autonomous liner made of polyethylene with a diameter (DN) larger than the diameter of the outer shell made of woven polypropylene. The inner shell is made of sleeve polyethylene film. One end of the shell is brewed, and the second is sealed in the following way: the end is assembled into a “forelock” and tied with twine, while the “forelock” of the inner shell is tucked under the outer shell. To avoid jamming the cartridge in the well, the bottom of the outer shell is additionally stitched with two intersecting seams along a concave line. The neck of the polypropylene shell is 180 ° bent and stitched with one seam. According to customer orders, the production of cartridges with a diameter of 80 mm is possible. up to 300 mm.

This utility model (cartridge), having a sealed inner shell and a strong outer shell provides the claimed technical result: the ability to charge flooded wells with non-waterproof explosive material and increase the efficiency of its use.

Information sources

1. GOST 2198576. Industrial explosives. Ammonite rock No. 1.

2. Ammonite No. 6ZHV GOST 21984-76.

3. The list of explosive materials, equipment and explosive devices approved for continuous use in the Russian Federation. M., 1997

4. Patent of Russia №2117912, cl. F42B 1/8.

5. RF patent 21934 class. 7 Е21С 37/00 from 02.28.2001

6. RF patent No. 2205168, cl. C06B 45/02.

7. RF patent 2231014 from 09.07.2002.

Claims (6)

1. Cartridge for industrial blasting, consisting of two or more polymer shells and containing ammonium nitrate explosive material (BM), characterized in that the BM is housed in a sealed waterproof inner shell, in which the lower end of the inner shell is welded and the upper is sealed with one of ways: the butt is assembled into a “forelock” and tightly pulled together with a plastic hook or clipped or tied with twine, while the “forelock” of the inner shell is tucked under the outer shell, g rloviny inner shell brewing or folding the shell followed tucked "bedroll" under the outer sheath, BM has a density of 1000 kg / m ³ - 1350 kg / m ^3, the density is provided by grinding parts of ammonium nitrate (at a ratio of granulate: crushed ammonium nitrate with particle size from 0.1 to 1.2 mm from 9: 1 to 1: 9) used in the technological process of obtaining granular BM or (and) introducing into the composition of a granular VM - emulsion explosive or its matrix (5.0-70.0 wt. % of the mass of charge). 2. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the outer shell is bent 180 ° and stitched with one or more machine seams, additionally the bottom of the outer shell is bent 180 ° and stitched with two intersecting seams in a concave line. 3. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the VM uses grammonites, granulites, igdanites, ammonites, rheoflexes, emulsion explosives and other ammonium nitrate explosives. 4. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that in the process of filling the cartridge VM is used tapping. 5. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that as the inner shell is used waterproof polymeric materials: polyethylene, polypropylene and other materials. 6. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that woven polymeric materials are used as the outer durable shell: polypropylene, polyethylene and other materials.