RU68092U1 - PIPELINE HEAT INSULATION DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the design of thermal insulation of pipelines. The purpose of the invention is to achieve the durability of the obtained insulation, eliminate cold bridges, and also significantly simplify installation and increase the reliability of the structure. A monolithic ultralight foam concrete placed between the heat-transfer pipe and a rigid external waterproofing coating having ventilation openings closed by a waterproofing, but vapor-permeable material was used as a heater.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to thermal insulation of pipelines and can be used in various sectors of the economy.

The level of technology.

There are various options for thermal insulation of pipelines using foamed plastics and mineral wool insulation / Patents of Russia No. 2249756, No. 2258173 /. Foamed plastics have low heat resistance limits, usually within 100 gr C. And therefore, their use is limited in hot water systems and is not applicable in steam pipelines. The use of mineral wool insulation also has temperature limitations, since after 220-250 gr. With the destruction of the impregnation and sediment insulation. In addition, damage to the pipeline waterproofing even in one section leads to the destruction of thermal insulation from polyurethane foam and mineral wool over a long pipe length. Thermal insulation of pipes with these materials is carried out in the factory. Directly at the facility, only during repair, air pipelines are wrapped with mineral wool heat insulators, followed by winding waterproofing tapes. During work, wetting and subsidence of mineral wool may occur with the loss of thermal insulation properties.

The use of heat-resistant and durable shells made of perlite concrete, expanded clay concrete and other similar materials for warming pipelines is limited by their high cost, the complexity of their installation, joining and use on non-straight pipe sections, the need to apply a protective layer to the pipe to prevent corrosion, and apply a hydrophobizing layer to the shell.

Known design of a metal pipe with reinforced concrete insulation / Votintsev B.C. “Pipelines with reinforced concrete insulation for heating networks - an effective and reliable way to save energy”, “Energy Saving”, No. 1, 2003, p. 71 /.

Monolithic foam concrete is durable, well protects the steel pipe from corrosion, by passivating the metal, does not lose its properties when wet and, even if the external waterproofing is damaged, when the pipe is heated, the moisture is squeezed out

the periphery of the insulation and does not reduce the thermal insulation properties of foam concrete. To increase the heat-shielding properties and reduce cement consumption, the use of foam concrete of the lowest possible density is required. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the destruction of foam concrete insulation during transportation, loading, unloading, installation. To this end, metal reinforcement of the pipe is carried out with the formation of a strong shell of asbestos cement in the factory, and through the use of an expensive autoclave, foam concrete with a density of 200 kg / m3 with a compressive strength of 0.5 MPA is obtained. The disadvantages of using pipes thus insulated are their high cost, the difficulty of transportation and installation at the facility without damaging the foam concrete insulation, the difficulty of providing thermal insulation when connecting the pipes.

Moreover, all the pipe insulation devices described above are not suitable for repairing existing pipelines.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical task of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks and create such a design for insulation of the pipeline, which would allow it to be used both on construction and on repaired air and underground pipelines directly at the facility. The heat-insulated pipeline is a pipe for supplying coolant, heat-insulating material from ultralight monolithic foam concrete and an external waterproofing coating mounted on centralizers of heat-insulating material, while the protective coating has ventilation holes used to fill the monolithic foam concrete, covered with water-repellent, but vapor-permeable excess moisture from foam concrete.

The outer coating may be made of thin-walled metal, for example galvanized steel, plastic or asbestos-cement material. This coating may be collapsible. Centralizers can be made of sheet metal profiles, wooden or plastic elements. This design of pipeline insulation differs from the prototype in the simplicity of production at the facility, its low cost and the possibility of its use in existing steam pipelines with wall temperatures in excess of 250 g. C. Foam concrete is not afraid of moisture, and the moisture remaining after filling the foam concrete or coming in when the waterproofing is violated when the pipe is heated is forced out to the periphery of the thermal insulation and is discharged through the ventilation holes.

Implementation of a utility model.

Example 1. The design of the pipeline 1, in which the outer protective coating 5 / Fig. 1/ is formed by sheet material, for example, of galvanized iron sheets, which are mounted on ring end centralizers 2 / Fig. 2/, consisting, for example, of half rings connected between by itself using brackets 8. Centralizers 2 can be made of foam concrete, wood or other heat-insulating material. The material of the centralizers is selected taking into account their heat resistance with respect to the coolant. The centralizers 2 are also end seals for monolithic foam concrete 4. In the sheet material there are ventilation holes 6 / Fig. 1/ in the upper part of the protective coating 5, used to fill the monolithic foam concrete 4 and sealed with a water-repellent, but vapor-permeable material, for example, asbestos-cement mixture . Through these holes, excess moisture is removed from the foam after pouring, as well as in case of damage.

Given the high fluidity of the foam concrete 4, the gaps between the centralizers 2, the pipeline 1, the protective coating 5 are additionally sealed with a heat-resistant, sealing material, for example, ordinary cement mortar.

Example 2. A pipeline design that differs from that described in example 1 in that centralizers 3 are installed between the end centralizers 2 / Fig. 1/. They are made in the form of racks of heat-insulating material - wood, plastic or galvanized thin-walled shaped metal, fixed, for example, using self-tapping screws 7 to the sheet material / 3 /.

Example 3. The design of the pipeline, which differs from the above in that the protective coating 5 / Fig. 4/ is made of sheets, for example plastic, and the sheets are pressed against the centralizers 2 and 3 using clamps.

Example 4. The design of the pipeline, characterized in that the outer protective coating 11 / Fig.5/ is made of a rigid pipe mounted on the centralizers 2. The pipe can be made, for example, of polyethylene, asbestos cement or other sufficiently rigid material that provides waterproofing.

In all the above examples, the outer coating, which performs the function of the outer formwork when pouring monolithic foam concrete, provides hydraulic protection, and the filling holes closed with vapor-permeable material provide ventilation. However, due to the lack of transportation, its greater strength is not required. The proposed device for thermal insulation of the pipeline using monolithic foam concrete allows the manufacture of fragments of insulated pipes at the place of their installation or carried out on a mounted

metal pipe installation of thermal insulation, which is especially important when repairing pipelines and replacing thermal insulation. For underground pipelines, it is preferable to use plastic, asbestos cement and other hard coatings, which allows the use of lighter foam concrete. The absence of strength requirements for the insulating material in the proposed designs allows the use of foam concrete with a density of less than 200 kg / m3. In this case, the concept of monolithic foam concrete covers all types of lightweight concrete containing polystyrene foam, expanded perlite, vermiculite or other lightweight fillers, and the mobility of the mixture is ensured by bubbles formed using surfactants.

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1. Shows a longitudinal section of the pipeline, where the sheet material is fixed using fasteners.

Figure 2. The section along aa of figure 1 in the installation area of the mechanical seals and fixing brackets.

Figure 3. The section along BB of FIG. 1 in the area of the centralizers.

Figure 4. A cross section of a pipeline with a coating consisting of two halves is shown.

Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of a pipe with fastening sheet material with clamps.

Claims (12)

1. A device for thermal insulation of a pipeline containing heat-insulating material from ultralight monolithic foam concrete and an external protective coating, characterized in that the protective coating is mounted on centralizers from heat-insulating and heat-resistant material, while the protective coating has ventilation openings closed with a water-repellent and vapor-permeable material. 2. The device according to claim 1, in which the protective coating is made in the form of a thin-walled metal pipe. 3. The device according to claim 1, in which the protective coating is made in the form of a plastic pipe. 4. The device according to claim 1, in which the protective coating is made in the form of an asbestos-cement pipe. 5. The device according to claim 3, in which the plastic pipe is formed from two interconnected halves. 6. The device according to claim 1, in which the centralizers are made in the form of rings, dressed on a pipe with a coolant. 7. The device according to claim 6, in which the rings are formed by two half rings interconnected. 8. The device according to claim 6, in which between the centralizers in the form of rings mounted centralizers in the form of racks. 9. The device of claim 8, in which the racks are made of thin-walled metal. 10. The device according to claim 2, in which the thin-walled metal pipe is formed by galvanized sheets with centralizers attached to them in the form of racks, while the ends of the sheets are interconnected. 11. The device according to claim 3, in which the plastic pipe is formed by sheets mounted around centralizers and held by clamps. 12. The device according to claim 1, in which the edges of the fragments of the coatings of adjacent sections of the pipeline are mounted on ring centralizers.