RU65938U1 - VIBRATION DRILLING WELL - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to drilling equipment and is intended for vibration drilling of wells.

A device for vibratory drilling of wells includes a housing, a nipple mounted inside the housing and a rod located inside the nipple, the rod having the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the nipple with the housing.

The nipple is provided with upper, middle and lower rows of radial holes. The nipple inside is equipped with a blank partition separating the upper and middle rows of radial holes that communicate with each other through a bypass channel made between the housing and the nipple.

In the bypass channel there is a rod spring-loaded from below by means of a spring, made by a differential annular. In the housing opposite the differential annular rod, which in the initial position overlaps the middle row of the radial holes of the nipple, radial channels are made that communicate in the working position the space above the lower stage of the differential annular rod with the outer space of the device.

From above, the housing is coaxially and rigidly equipped with a pulse generator, consisting of a casing and a hollow core, the hollow core being hermetically installed in the casing and spring loaded upward with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the casing.

The pulse generator converts the pulsation of the fluid into coaxial low-amplitude vibrations on the layout of the drilling tool, thereby contributing to a decrease in the friction forces. The result of which is an improvement in load transfer, that is, a smooth loading of the load on the bit and a reduction in torsional stresses in the string are ensured, especially during directional drilling, which leads to an increase in the life of the bit.

The proposed device has a simple design, and increasing the efficiency of its operation is associated with the ability to flush the device during operation, and the possibility of using the device when drilling small diameter wells expands its functionality. 1 ill. for 1 liter

Description

The proposal relates to drilling equipment and is intended for vibration drilling of wells.

A device for vibrational drilling of wells is known (patent RU No. 2239043, ЕВВ 7/24, publ. BI No. 30 of 10.27.2004), including a housing, pistons installed with the possibility of interaction with each other and formation together with partitions and seals closed hydraulic chambers, a valve and a rod having a channel, while one of the pistons is mounted above the rod and has a passage channel of rectangular cross section, inside of which there is a valve made in the form of a pendulum mounted on the axis, the upper end of which is made in the form of a blade, and the lower - at the same time with a plate, which is installed with the possibility of periodic blocking of the rod channel.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a device for vibratory drilling of wells (patent RU No. 2258791, ЕВВ 7/24, published in BI No. 23 dated 08/08/2005), comprising a housing, a rod with a passage channel, a nipple and a key, with this device is equipped with pistons, each of which is installed inside a protective sleeve fixed in the housing, and is equipped with a confuser, a diffuser and a nozzle forming a jet pump, the suction channel of which is connected to the piston cavity, and a saddle is made in the bore of the rod to accommodate the ball with the possibility of partial flow of fluid under the ball, and in the rod, bends are made to change the direction of fluid flow by 180 ° and channels connecting the rock destruction zones with rarefaction zones created by the reverse fluid stream from the bends.

Both prototype and analogue in one way or another have common disadvantages:

- firstly, the complexity of the design, due to the large number of nodes and parts;

- secondly, the design of the device does not allow drilling of small diameter wells;

thirdly, the device is contaminated and not washed during operation, and therefore its performance is deteriorating.

fourthly, a rigid supply of load to the bit reduces its service life.

The technical task of the utility model is to simplify the design of the device and increase the life of the bit, as well as increase the efficiency of the device with the possibility of its use when drilling wells of small diameter.

This problem is solved by a device for vibrational drilling of wells, comprising a housing, a nipple mounted inside the housing, a rod having axial movements relative to the nipple with the housing.

What is new is that the nipple is provided with upper, middle and lower rows of radial holes, while the nipple is equipped with a blank partition separating the upper and middle rows of radial holes, which communicate with each other through the bypass channel made between the body and the nipple, and to the bypass channel a spring-loaded rod made of a differential annular is installed, while in the case opposite the differential annular rod, which in its initial position covers the middle row of the radial of the nipple openings, radial channels are made, communicating in the working position the space above the lower stage of the differential ring rod with the external space of the device, while the housing is coaxially and rigidly equipped with a pulse generator consisting of a casing and a hollow core, the hollow core being hermetically installed in the casing and spring-loaded with limited axial movement relative to the casing.

The figure shows the proposed device for vibration drilling of wells.

A device for vibratory drilling of wells includes a housing 1, a nipple 2 mounted inside the housing 1 and a rod 3 having the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the nipple 2 with the housing 1.

The nipple 2 is provided with upper 4, middle 5 and lower 6 rows of radial holes. The nipple 2 is internally provided with a blind partition 7 separating the upper 4 and middle 5 rows of radial holes that communicate with each other through the bypass channel 8, made between the housing 1 and the nipple 2.

In the bypass channel 8 is installed spring 3, spring-loaded from below by means of a spring 9, made by a differential ring. In the housing 1 opposite the differential ring rod 3, which in its initial position overlaps the middle row of radial holes 5 of the nipple 2, radial channels 10 are made, communicating in the working position the space above the lower stage 11 of the differential ring rod 3 with the outer space of the device.

On top of the housing 1 is coaxially and rigidly equipped with a pulse generator 12, consisting of a casing 13 and a hollow core 14, and the hollow core 14 is hermetically installed in the casing 13 and is spring loaded upward with a spring 15 with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the casing 13.

The device operates as follows.

The device is installed in the layout of the drilling tool as shown in the figure, and at the upper end of the hollow core 14 of the pulse generator 12 they screw the lower end of the downhole motor (VZD) 16, and a bit 17 (for example, abrasive) having a central channel is screwed into the lower end of the housing 1 18 and an abrasive work surface 19. In order to avoid "pistoning" during operation of the pulse generator 12, the casing 13 is equipped with a technological hole 20.

The device at the end of the drill pipe string (not shown in FIG.) Is lowered into the well during the drilling interval. Then restore the circulation of fluid through the drill pipe string and the VZD 16, while the fluid flow, reaching the device enters the hollow core 14 and then through the inner space 21 of the casing 13 of the pulse generator 12 enters the housing 1 through the upper row of radial holes 4 of the nipple 2 falls into the bypass channel 8 above the differential annular rod 3, while the fluid pressure in the bypass channel 8 and the inner space 21 of the casing 13 of the pulse generator 12 is increased.

The fluid flow in the inner space 21 of the casing 13 of the pulse generator 12 acts from below on the lower end of the hollow core 14, compressing the spring 15, which leads to the movement of the hollow core 14, as well as the VZD 16 and the entire assembly of the drilling tool up, that is, the pulse generator 12 increases in the length, at the same time, the differential annular rod 3 located in the bypass channel 8, compressing the spring 9 goes down relative to the nipple 2 with the housing 1 until the middle row of radial holes 5 is opened, which l overlapped annular differential piston rod 3 in the rest position.

At this moment of opening the middle row of radial holes 5 of the nipple 2, the upward movement of the hollow core 14 in the casing 13 of the pulse generator 12, the VZD 16 and the entire assembly of the drilling tool is stopped. The fluid pressure above and below the blind partition 7 is leveled and the hollow core 14, rigidly connected to the VZD 16, as well as the entire assembly of the drilling tool due to the return force of the spring 15 is lowered, while the hollow core 14 is returned to its original position, and the pulse generator 12 is reduced in length.

At the same time, the fluid flow through the middle row of radial holes 5, which opened under the influence of fluid pressure, enters the nipple 2, from where the fluid flows through the lower row of radial holes 6 of the nipple 2 into the bypass channel 8, exerting a lower pressure on the differential ring rod 3, while the fluid pressure over the differential ring rod 3 falls and the latter due to

the return force of the spring 9 and the pressure exerted on it from below returns to its original position, blocking the middle row of radial holes 5 of the nipple 2.

Next, the liquid enters the central channel 18 of the bit 17 and then to the abrasive working surface 19, while the pressure of the liquid above the stem 3 drops, and the latter returns back due to the return force of the spring 9, blocking the middle row of radial holes 5 of the nipple 2.

The fluid continues to be pumped into the device along the drill pipe string, while the fluid pressure in the inner space 21 of the casing 13 of the pulse generator 12 and above the differential ring rod 3 inside the housing 1 again increases. Subsequently, the cycle described above is repeated, with a ripple of the liquid leading to vibration of the device. The pulsation frequency is directly proportional to the flow rate.

The pulse generator converts the pulsation of the fluid into coaxial low-amplitude vibrations on the layout of the drilling tool, thereby contributing to a decrease in the friction forces. The result of which is an improvement in load transfer, that is, a smooth loading of the load on the bit and a reduction in torsional stresses in the string are ensured, especially during directional drilling, which leads to an increase in the life of the bit.

The proposed device has a simple design, and increasing the efficiency of its operation is associated with the ability to flush the device during operation, and the possibility of using the device when drilling small diameter wells expands its functionality.

Claims (1)

A device for vibrational drilling of wells, comprising a housing, a nipple mounted inside the housing, a rod having axial movement relative to the nipple with the housing, characterized in that the nipple is provided with upper, middle and lower rows of radial holes, while the nipple is provided with a blank partition separating the upper and middle rows of radial holes that communicate with each other by means of a bypass channel made between the housing and the nipple, and a spring-loaded spring is installed in the bypass channel a lower rod made of a differential annular, while in the case opposite the differential annular rod, which in the initial position covers the middle row of radial holes of the nipple, radial channels are made that communicate in the working position the space above the lower stage of the differential annular rod with the outer space of the device, the housing is coaxially and rigidly equipped with a pulse generator, consisting of a casing and a hollow core, the hollow core being hermetically installed in the casing and ruzhin up with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the casing.