RU54497U1 - SOFT BASIS OF FURNITURE ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive utility model relates to the furniture industry, in particular to the construction of soft foundations of elements forming places for sitting and lying in items of upholstered furniture. The main technical result obtained during the implementation of the utility model, which consists in improving the shaping of the soft base of the upholstered furniture element, including eliminating the instability of the spring block in horizontal directions, is achieved due to the fact that the block of independent springs is placed in a box of soft elastic material, the bottom of which is flooring on the upper surface of the block, and the walls of this box play the role of elements that strengthen the shape of the block in its lateral part. The proposed principle of forming the basis of a soft element using a block of independent springs is applicable in upholstered furniture with bases with a variable geometry of the plane of the bed. The described methods of changing the spatial geometry of the spring block and, accordingly, the box, in particular cases of the utility model execution, affect the artistic expressiveness of an upholstered furniture item, increasing the possibility of creating more options for an artistic image of objects, which, accordingly, leads to an expansion of the range of manufactured upholstered items .

Description

The inventive utility model (hereinafter - PM) relates to the furniture industry, in particular to the design of the soft foundations of the elements forming places for sitting and lying in items of upholstered furniture.

In upholstered furniture, the basics are parts and prefabricated elements from various materials, which are subsequently lined with furniture, decorative and technical fabrics, natural or artificial leather, as well as other materials used in the manufacture of furniture.

Mattresses, forming places for sitting and lying and representing soft bases in covers, are the main elements of upholstered furniture. Mats, mats, seat cushions and berths are varieties of mattresses that differ from the latter in geometric shapes and sizes. The softness of mattresses depends to a greater extent on the type of filler (materials or products forming soft elements), is regulated by the state standard for various items of upholstered furniture depending on their purpose and is classified into 5 categories (0-4).

Examples of structural forms of soft elements of upholstered furniture:

- removable mattresses of unilateral and bilateral softness,

- non-removable mattresses of one-sided softness on rigid, flexible, elastic and combined bases of seats and berths.

Filling mattresses that serve as volume fillers and shock absorbers can serve as foamed polymers, fibrous and bulk materials, as well as spring elements, both separate springs and connected into blocks (a group of springs pre-assembled into one integral element to facilitate installation during assembly) .

The use of full-body polyurethane foam mattresses has dubious durability and is considered an excess of synthetic filler. Polyurethane foams break down over time. This is due to the cellular structure of micropores, which contain air-gas mixtures with moisture vapor. Due to surface tension in the most microscopic cells, water acquires the properties of a solid body that destroys the polyurethane walls of the cell. Fluctuations in temperature, humidity and air composition adversely affect the spongy material. The manufacturers of polyurethane foams declare the following service lives:

- the service life of full-bodied soft substrates from block cut polyurethane foam obtained by the box method (name of the technological method) or on the continuous foaming line (both methods at low pressure) 5-10 years;

- the service life of full-bodied soft substrates made of polyurethane foam obtained by molding under pressure in molds is 10-15 years.

Separate single examples of the 30-year preservation of molded polyurethane foam products made according to formulations of 40 and 30 years ago (extremely toxic and environmentally hazardous technologies in the past) do not prove that modern (less toxic and less environmentally hazardous technologies) formulations will provide the same durability.

A classic spring structure for a mattress is known (see Patent No. 2228701 C1, “Spring structure for a mattress”), comprising a plurality of springs, known as Bonnell springs, formed in parallel rows by tightening elements located between the lower and upper face surfaces of the spring structure. The adjacent springs in a row are interconnected in pairs by means of wire spirals that are wound around adjacent parts of the coils in the corresponding neighboring spring. Thus, the spirals run parallel to the surface of the mattresses, that is, across the central axes of the springs, either in length or in width of the mattress.

A classic mattress with such a filler has increased noise properties during operation due to touching and friction of the metal surfaces of adjacent parts (upper turns of adjacent coil springs) of the spring block connected to each other by the tightening elements due to the impossibility of their strictly vertical compression. The state of stress in the bonnel spring is determined by the principle of winding, which includes the presence of spiral nodules at the ends of the wire spiral and closing the upper and lower turns in the ring. Nodules hold the coil of the spring in position. Over time, the turns of the knot weaken (existing technologies do not provide the necessary strength of the fit), the main spiral during operation starts to slip with a creak inside the knot, the spring stress is partially lost, the spring warps, and, therefore, additional touches of metal surfaces arise, and therefore increase unwanted operation noise. Since the spirals practically rigidly connect the coils of adjacent springs, the springs lose their individual elasticity. As a result, the load on one of the mattress springs will cause deflection not only of this spring, but also of neighboring springs. This is a disadvantage, since it reduces the adaptability properties of the mattress, and since the latter will not evenly distribute the supporting force over the entire surface of the user's body, the mattress, as a result, feels less comfortable. In conventional bonnet blocks, deviations in height from the nominal value are ± 7 mm at best, due to the difference in the stiffness of the individual springs. The difference in spring stiffness will manifest itself in the process.

operation in the form of uneven surface restoration and will be felt by the body as uneven terrain and cause user discomfort.

Known spring structure of the mattress (Patent No. 2215459 C2, "Spring mattress"), containing a number of spring elements interconnected by surface elements in the form of segments of strips made of textile or plastic material. The strip segments extend between pairs of adjacent elements and are attached to pairs of neighboring spring elements, thereby realizing their interconnection. This design of the mattress has high comfort and adaptability for the distribution of supporting force throughout the user's body.

The spring block indicated in patent No. 2215459 C2 has a partial independence of the springs, which manifests itself in diagonal directions, which can be taken as an advantage over the bonnet block, but the spring connection in the perpendicular directions does not eliminate the completely negative “hammock effect” characteristic of bonnel blocks. The ligament runs along the upper turns, and the elasticity of the surface in the connected areas differs sharply compared to unbound, in addition, the springs are connected in three, which also reduces the elasticity of the block. The spring block specified in the patent is not intended for use for products with a variable surface geometry and for products with a complex shape of the bases due to the lack of a sufficient degree of freedom between the longitudinal rows of springs and the group bundle in staggered order of the upper turns.

The use of bonnile blocks in upholstered furniture for sitting and lying is widespread for the manufacture of sofa seats, armchairs, couches, ottomans, canapes, ottomans, beds, sofa beds, armchairs and other items of upholstered furniture.

Known for a more perfect design of the spring block of the mattress (Patent No. 2233790, C2, “Method and device for the manufacture of the inner spring kit and the inner spring kit”) containing garlands of independent springs embedded in pockets (cells). Garlands of a block of independent springs (hereinafter - BNP) interconnected by means of an adhesive applied to adjacent surfaces of pockets of garlands adjacent to each other.

Each spring placed in its own cell does not touch each other, therefore, friction of metal surfaces is excluded in the product. The occurrence of squeaking sounds of rubbing surfaces is also excluded due to the absence of a block of metal spiral nodules at the ends of the wire spiral and closing the upper and lower turns in the ring. The springs in the BNP are made, as a rule, in a barrel-shaped form, so the middle coils have the same diameter and form a cylinder, upper and lower coils of a smaller diameter.

During compression, the upper and lower turns of such a spring are inserted into the middle and, since the springs are not fastened together, the compression of the middle turns takes place in the vertical direction until it touches in the full compression position. In normal use, compression on one side of the springs, each enclosed in its own case, is impossible. There is no touching of the turns during normal operation. The height of the springs in the block is determined by the size of the pockets and ranges from ± 2.5 mm. When enclosed in a pocket, the spring assumes the height specified by its internal dimensions. The material of the pockets is practically not stretched from the action of the elasticity of the springs. The combination of the absence of residual deformation of the springs, which cannot be detected even by an accurate (vernier caliper) measuring tool, and an accurate method of making pockets, ensures the stability of the height of the garland and the block as a whole.

The independent spring blocks are flexible and easily bend under their own weight. due to the independence of the springs that make up the block, at low loads, they change their geometry in different directions, which is the main advantage of products with BNP, since they freely take the form of a substrate (user).

Thus, mattresses having BNP as a filler have significant advantages compared to traditional spring mattresses:

- a product subjected to significant cyclic compressive and bending loads during operation and providing zero and first softness categories (GOST 19917-93 - up to 120 mm with a load of 70 daN), has high durability;

- there is no noise effect during operation of the product,

- the surface of the product is quickly restored,

the surface of the product fits well the shape of the human body, which prevents the curvature of the spine when lying on its side;

- in upholstered furniture elements, the effects of a “hammock” and an inclined plane are eliminated while simultaneously using two or three consumers with a significant difference in body weight.

However, the independence of the springs in the BNP and the flexible grip of the pockets in the non-torsion block does not preserve the necessary spring density per square meter of the spring block in an unsecured state. Therefore, independent spring blocks are unstable in horizontal directions.

The use of BNP in the soft foundations of bed elements is widely known.

Thus, the design of a bed mattress (adopted by Patent No. 2135061 C1, “A mattress with different stiffness and a method for manufacturing such a mattress”), which is many

ligaments from coil springs placed in pockets installed in a rectangular structure in a plan view and forming a spring block. The ligaments are parallel to each other, while the longitudinal upper ends of all the coil springs placed in the pockets lie in a common plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the springs placed in the pockets to form the upper flat surface of the frame. The pockets (cells) for the springs are made in the form of pipes of heat-sensitive material in the form of long continuous bundles by ultrasonic welding of the material in the bridges formed between adjacent springs.

The mattress has a flooring (pad) of soft elastic material located on the upper flat surface of the mattress and is essentially the same in area with the frame, providing a substantially flat surface on the upper side of the frame. The mattress may have a lower side, similar to the upper side and containing a floor (quilted cover) having the same area with the lower surface of the spring block. The upper flooring is connected to the lower continuous curb made of a strip of fabric. A wide protective tape and corners located around the perimeter of the frame reinforce the shape of the frame.

The solution of the side (boulette) part of the mattress indicated in patent No. 2135061 C1, reinforcing the shape as a whole, does not create conditions for the use of such a design of the mattress in upholstered furniture. Prototyping close to the described solution revealed the following disadvantages.

The width of the tape should always be less than the height of the springs enclosed in the pockets, otherwise the extreme rows will lose free play. In the directions from the corners to the center of the block, the protective tape and corners increase the density of the spring element, but these directions lie in a plane passing in the middle of the block height. The upper and lower surfaces are free. If the inner rows of springs hold each other, then in the extreme rows, the upper and lower parts of the springs protrude. The smaller the block size, the greater the protrusion. You can calculate the belt tension, but this effect cannot be completely avoided. This effect is provided by the author of the design to maintain the strict form of the curb, and for this product intended for resting lying down is positive, but negative for the soft basis of the element of upholstered furniture designed for sitting and lying down. Thus, the lateral part of the spring block, which is not completely fixed by tape, does not have sufficient stability in horizontal directions, especially under the influence of the hips of a seated person. A large degree of deformation creates discomfort when standing up due to the lack of sufficient resistance to support the popliteal region of the thigh. This conclusion can be made provided that the percentage of longitudinal stretching of the tape is zero. If you consider that the tape has the property of stretching, then even with slight stretching, the lateral pull

the surface of the block is unevenly distributed along the length of the tape with a weakening from the corners to the middle of the tape. In addition, when the protective tape and corners are made of flexible elastic material with a certain amount of elasticity, the material is rubbed against the material of the pockets of the springs, which will cause sounds of rustling or rustling.

The specified design of the known bed mattress is acceptable only for operation in a horizontal position also because the connection of the spring block (in this case the spring block) with a fabric cover formed by floorings and a border is not ensured. When using this design in a vertical or close to vertical inclined position in transformed products, the "filling" of the cover under its own weight will shift. Due to the loss of the exact shape of the product, there will be a problem of docking with other surfaces when folding and unfolding a berth. During operation, repeated displacements will lead to loss of presentation and operational properties, which will require periodic intervention by a specialist to give the mattress the proper shape.

In addition to the above, the known design limits the possibilities of volumetric-plastic options for the artistic image of upholstered furniture and the possibility of constructing these options.

As of the filing date of the application, the applicant is not aware of the use of BNP as a spring filler in the seats of sofas, armchairs, couches, ottomans, canapes, ottomans, berths of sofa beds, chair beds and other items of upholstered furniture, that is, in the construction of soft foundations elements forming places for sitting and lying in items of upholstered furniture.

The furniture industry produces upholstered furniture for various purposes for consumers of different classes. The main requirements for consumer properties of products - quality, durability, comfort. Along with these requirements, the additional requirements put forward by the applicant to the usefulness of upholstered furniture for human health are essential:

- minimizing the use of synthetic fillers,

- elimination of undesirable noise properties of seats and berths,

- improvement of orthopedic properties of berths and seats.

The task to which the claimed PM is aimed is to create items of upholstered furniture of increased comfort for sitting and / or lying with the use of BNP.

The main technical result that can be obtained by implementing the utility model is to improve the shaping of the soft base of the upholstered furniture element, including eliminating the instability of the spring block in horizontal directions.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the utility model is achieved by the fact that in the known soft basis of the furniture element containing a spring block formed by a plurality of interconnected garlands of springs enclosed in pockets, the axes of which are parallel to each other, and the longitudinal upper ends of the springs lie in a common plane perpendicular to their longitudinal axes, with the formation of the upper flat surface of the block covered with flooring, and the elements reinforcing the shape of the block in its lateral part, the spring block is placed in the box is made of soft elastic material, the bottom of which is the flooring on the upper surface of the block, and the walls of the box play the role of elements that strengthen the shape of the block in its lateral part.

Made of soft elastic material box, serves to form a soft base element of upholstered furniture. The walls of the box fix the position of the block, thereby eliminating its instability in the horizontal directions and, accordingly, the discomfort that would occur when using the design of the prototype base in elements of upholstered furniture.

If we take into account the vector of loads arising when using the seat (an element of upholstered furniture), then the interaction pattern of the parts of the base of the seat differs from the interaction pattern of the parts of the bed mattress or its base.

The upper part of the box bends, stretching from the edges to the supporting part partially, due to the elasticity of the material, pulls the wall of the box, tilting it inward. The spring unit is compressed in the support part, partially pushing the rows of springs to the edges from the support part and tilting the extreme rows outward. In the place of contact of the opposite deformations, a reaction arises, causing a minimal, but sufficient compaction, necessary to stop in the popliteal part of the thigh. When sitting the entire depth of the seat, this seal does not cause discomfort, since the body weight is redistributed to the torso. When squatting on the edge, there is no seal. The stiffness values of the springs and the box walls are close to each other. When standing up, a person tilts his torso forward to redistribute body weight to his legs. Persistent places of contact are the calves of the legs. The calf pressure on the seat is carried out along the outer wall of the box, and the extreme rows of the spring block under the weight of the hips tend to protrude outward. The opposing forces in the place where the block comes into contact with the walls of the box maximize the calf support area, which does not make it difficult to get up from a seat with a lower height from the floor than the bed. When lying along the axis of the bed, the upper part of the box also attracts the wall of the box. When moving a lying person to the edge of a bed, the tension between the upper part of the box and the wall of the box is significantly reduced and the surface of the bed is perceived as uniformly elastic.

The presence on the perimeter of the spring block of the box walls leads to maintaining a constant density of the block elements and increasing the rigidity of the side of the product, creating support in the popliteal region of the thigh when the user stands up, which increases the comfort of the product and improves its orthopedic properties, since:

- comfort when sitting is characterized not only by the degree of deformation of the soft layer under the weight of the body, but also by the ability to change postures, fixing the body in various positions, get out of the seat without outside help and without bending to the knees, sit down without risking to fall on your back,

- when sitting comfortably, the chest should be supported, but not clamped, the vertebrae of the lumbar spine should not take the position that they assume in a standing position or while walking, and the musculoskeletal system of a person should be in a state of relaxation with a minimum tone of muscle tissue.

Thus, an additionally designed box made of soft elastic material expands the field of application of the soft bases of furniture elements based on BNP, allowing them to be used as an element for sitting and / or lying in items of upholstered furniture, increases the comfort and orthopedic properties of the product.

The flooring, which is the bottom of the box, is not part of the design of the mattress cover, and therefore its external (external) surface can determine the product design in some way by giving it, in particular cases, the performance of the PM of a more complex shape for the artistic expressiveness of the piece of upholstered furniture (splendor of shapes, pattern parts of the stitching cover details).

In the particular case of PM execution, the spring block can be made rectangular in plan from above, in this case the box walls are made in the form of bars located around the perimeter of the spring block along its lateral sides. However, by providing additional garlands of a different length or by eliminating separate pockets in the block, and, for example, by replacing a group or groups of pockets with springs with another material, you can get a spring block shape in plan (top view) that is different from a rectangular one: trapezoid, parallelogram and another figure with a more complex outline. It is fundamentally possible to make the basis of a disk shape due to the spiral-shaped garlands in terms of location.

These methods of changing the spatial geometry of the spring block and, accordingly, the box, in particular cases of PM execution, affect the artistic expressiveness of an upholstered furniture item, increasing the possibility of creating more options for the artistic image of objects, which, accordingly, leads to an expansion of the range of upholstered furniture items.

The spring block of a soft base with a dense cellular structure is formed by garlands of independent springs enclosed in pockets, which can be interconnected, including by means of an adhesive applied to

adjacent to each other the surface of the pockets, adjacent adjacent garlands at the height level of the middle turns of the springs. It is not excluded the use of garlands in separate condition with appropriate technical solutions of the box.

Usually, Spanbod is used as one of the materials for making garland pockets - a non-woven synthetic film-like material obtained by surface thermal bonding of fibers to form films on both surfaces of the material. During operation, the spunbond emits rustling during friction, with frequent deformations and friction against the metal of the springs, the surface films of the material are broken, the fibers delaminate (fiber length at break 5-7 mm), which leads to premature rupture of the material during operation. It is preferable to use a non-woven synthetic fiber-like material for springs that does not emit extraneous noise during operation, obtained without the formation of surface films, with a length of fibers released at break of at least 20 mm, such as Fibertex. The longer the fibers, the more reliable their plexus and, as a result, the stronger the material.

The contact of the material of the pockets of the springs with the elements of the box made of soft elastic material does not create a noise effect during operation of the product. As the material of the box, flexible polyurethane foam can be used, in this case, the thickness of the elements of the box has the following values.

The thickness of the flooring (bottom) of the box is usually 20-40 mm, while the minimum value is determined by the properties of the flooring (brand of polyurethane foam and indicators characterizing its durability and elasticity), which eliminates the feeling of the cellular surface of the spring block and provides the necessary strength indicators, and maximum, along with indicators characterizing wear resistance and elasticity, - increased deformation properties of polyurethane foam, which in the process of operation will complement Local local tension of the cover fabric, violating its structure and leading to wrinkles, dents, bulges on the fabric surface. The greater the thickness of the flooring, the more the residual deformation of the cover fabric is manifested.

The wall thickness of the box made of flexible polyurethane foam is in the range of 60-120 mm, and the height is not more than the height of the springs in the free state. In places where there is no effect from a sitting person (places adjoining the armrests of the backs and other structural elements of upholstered furniture excluding the possibility of long-term rest sitting in a natural pose without danger of damaging the product or causing harm to health.), The minimum wall thickness of the box for blocks up to 100 in height mm is 60 mm, and for blocks with a height of 110 to 140 mm, the minimum

the thickness of the walls of the box is 80 mm. In places where there is a mechanical impact when sitting, sitting and standing up 120 mm. The optimal wall thickness - 100 mm is the most technologically advanced, however, its choice depends on the size of the base and the discreteness of the block size (multiplicity of the spring diameters), as well as the height of the springs, since the optimal cross-section of the walls of the box, the ideal shape of which is a square, is essential.

When choosing the thickness of the walls of the box should also consider whether there is a mounting of the walls of the box to the plug from the bottom of the block. The walls of the box, connected by a lower surface with a plug, with sufficient thickness are deformed during operation, mainly by compression, with a slight shift of the upper plane relative to the lower and a slight curvature of the inner and outer surfaces. If the thickness is insufficient, the walls are bent in the outer direction and cannot hold the flexibly connected elements of the spring block: it compresses and extrudes the extreme garlands of the block during compression, and turns the springs out. Cycling of loads leads to the loss of the original form of the soft element and, as a result, the loss of consumer properties of the product in terms of its appearance.

Replacing the protective tape and the corners used in bed mattresses to strengthen the block in its lateral part with the walls of the box made of soft elastic material also increases the durability of the product, since the walls of the box are usually made of material whose stiffness values are selected close to the values the stiffness of the spring block, the block is not attached to the walls of the box, therefore, under operational deformations under normal conditions, the walls of the box and the spring of the unit work independently.

The surfaces of the bases on which the bases of soft elements are formed, depending on the structures, are continuous, lattice, mesh, perforated, mesh, mesh, formed by sinus-shaped wire springs, rubber bands and belts of various materials, and not always with a flat surface. With a considerable number of protruding parts, the built-in mechanism for converting a berth, as well as the spring block itself, can serve as the basis. In order to avoid damage to the bases of the soft elements during operational loads, additional protective elements called base coatings are applied over the surface of the bases. In the particular case of execution, the role of such a protective element is performed by a plug covering the lower open surface of the spring block and being an integral part of the base structure of the soft element. The area of the plug is equal, as a rule (special cases are possible in which the plug can have technological overhangs and, conversely, have indentations from the edges of the lower part of the box), the bottom area of the box. Due to the fact that the plug is connected to the walls

box (with the lower surfaces of the walls), it performs the function of the part connecting the spring block to the box and prevents the block from falling out of the box, that is, it fixes the block in the box.

You can do without the bottom plug when forming the base directly on the basis of the seat or berth, provided that the corresponding surface of the base. In the particular case of PM execution, the lower part of the spring block is placed inside a rigid base made in the form of an open box, the dimensions of the cavity of which, as a rule, correspond to (taking into account allowances) the dimensions of the part of the spring block placed in it, while the lower surface of the block can be fixedly connected with the base plane. This solution is justified for upholstered furniture with fixed mattresses in order to reduce the consumption of expensive upholstery materials. In addition, it allows you to reduce the height of the formed seat (or berth), and, therefore, to comply with the comfort conditions (with a seat height from the floor 440-450 mm) for products with the principle of transformation "eurobook" with hinged sidewalls (armrests), a hinged panel that separates the bed from the wall of the room, by reducing the gap between the hinged panel and the bed.

The spring block installed in the soft base in relation to the elastic soft elastic duct is the spring base. The upper surface of the block, which has a rigid cellular structure, should not directly come into contact with the inner surface of the bottom of the box; therefore, a coating is usually used to protect the box and soften the wire surface of the block. The experiments on fixing the upper surface of the block to the coating in the first experimental products showed that independent springs cease to work autonomously, the properties of the block become identical to the properties of the bonell block with interconnected springs. The coating works like a stretched awning and acts as a fastening horizontal spiral of the bonnel block.

The connection, as a rule, by gluing, the lower surface of the block with the plug does not connect the upper turns of the springs, and in the zone of the required deformations, the springs work autonomously. The need for such an operation arises with insufficient thickness of the side walls of the box (bars). The fastening of the unit to the plug eliminates the displacement of the unit inside the base, increasing the durability of the product, reduces the likelihood of unwanted sounds (rustling, rustling) during operation, thereby improving its consumer properties.

Abrasion-resistant fabrics, man-made felt, felt, etc. are usually selected as coating materials. The use of a specific material with its mechanical and hygienic properties, price, affordability and

supplies is determined by the design features of a particular product and its price level.

The list of figures and drawings explaining the essence of the claimed PM:

Figure 1 - section of a soft base, front view;

Figure 2 - image of a soft base in isometry;

Figure 3 is an example of a mattress embedded in a rigid base structure (the surface on which soft elements of seats, backs, armrests, sleeping places are formed) to a depth of less than 1/3 of the height of the drawer;

4 is an example of an overhead mattress superimposed on a rigid structure;

Figure 5 - polyurethane foam box, a fragment of the structure;

6 is a fragment of a polyurethane foam box with shaped inserts;

7 - typical designs of the basics of soft elements:

Type-a - a special case of the use of PM: the formation of the base on a flexible base (plug).

Type-b - a special case of using PM: the formation of the base on a flat rigid base.

Type-in - a special case of using PM: forming a base on a rigid base made in the form of an open box;

Fig - polyurethane box, a fragment of the design of the mattress with a rigid base of the furniture;

Fig.9 is an image of an open box of a rigid base;

Figure 10 - design of the mattress formed on an open rigid base;

11 is a design of a piece of upholstered furniture with curved surfaces of the bases.

Information confirming the possibility of using the utility model to obtain the above technical result is presented in the following particular, but not the only example of the execution of the soft base of an element of upholstered furniture, forming a place for sitting and lying down.

The soft base of the element, forming places for sitting and lying in upholstered furniture, consists (Figs. 1, 2) of a spring block 1 of a dense cellular structure formed by a plurality of interconnected garlands 2 of 3 coiled springs 4 enclosed in pockets 4. The axes of the springs are parallel each other, and the longitudinal upper ends of the springs lie in a common plane perpendicular to their longitudinal axes, with the formation of the upper flat surface of the block 5. The spring block is placed in a box 6 of soft elastic material with side walls 7 and a bottom 8 which flooring is used. The bottom surface 9 of the spring block is closed by a plug 10 made of furniture felt or canvas cloth and connected to the side walls of the box. The bottom surface of the spring

the unit is attached to the plug. Sometimes the role of the plug performs a rigid base 11 (Fig.7, 8). When performing a rigid base in the form of an open box, the lower surface of the block can be fixedly connected to the base.

The rectangular spring block has a dense cellular structure formed by many garlands of coil springs enclosed in pockets.

Garlands are located parallel to each other and are interconnected pocket to pocket with an ellipse-shaped solder by hot-melt adhesive. Adhesions are located in the middle of the height of the garland. The strip of hot-melt material is folded in half and divided into cells, by transverse periodic heat-welded seams, which are located at a distance from the edges of the strip and at a distance from the fold line. Springs are inserted into the formed pockets. The edges of the strip are applied to each other and at a small distance from the edge are connected by a periodic heat-welded seam along the entire length of the resulting garland.

The design of the garlands provides a 40 mm clearance for the upper turns, which ensures uniform elasticity in all directions lying in the plane perpendicular to the compression. As the material of the pockets, a non-woven synthetic fibrous-like material is used, obtained by the method of deep thermal bonding of fibers without the formation of surface films, with a length of at least 20 mm released during breaking of the fibers.

The springs have a barrel-shaped shape: the middle coils of the same diameter form a cylinder, the upper and lower coils of a smaller diameter. During compression, the upper and lower turns are inserted into adjacent ones. Since the springs are not fastened together, the compression of the middle coils passes in the vertical direction until they touch in the position of full compression. In normal use, compression on one side of the springs, each enclosed in its own pocket, is impossible. Touching the turns during normal operation is excluded. The springs are made of high-carbon steel wire, undergo chamber processing in a strictly specified thermal mode. The residual deformation of the springs used for the airbag is zero.

Each spring of the block has 40 mm of free deformation along the vertical axis. The free inclination of the plane of the upper turn relative to the horizontal plane is 45 °. A ball with a diameter of 80 mm freely, without affecting neighboring ones, deforms four adjacent springs in the middle of the block, "plunging" into the block to the depth of its diameter. The bearing capacity of the spring (N = 100 mm) is 1.8 kG. The compressive resistance at 40 mm of free play is 0.85 kG for blocks with a height of 80 mm or more.

The spring block can be manufactured, for example, using the method and device described in Patent No. 2233790, C2.

The base of the soft element is formed by the combination of an insert spring block and an glued box made of block cut overlay on top of it

(an improved version is a box molded under pressure) polyurethane foam (elastic polyurethane foam for the furniture industry in accordance with TU OP 13-0273258-36-95) with a side wall thickness of the form of bars, not less than 60 mm (Fig. 5). This thickness of the bars does not allow the block elements to "spread" to the sides under loads, which makes it possible to use the mattress not only inserted to a depth of less than a third of the height of the burlet (Fig. 3), but laid on to flexible and elastic bases (Fig. 4). The width of the lower edge of the side walls of the box (bars) provides a sufficient area for gluing with the bottom cap or rigid base (figure 2, 6, 7). The wall thickness firmly holds the free part of the block. The density of polyurethane foam for the manufacture of boxes is not less than 35 kg / m ³ . The corners of the box can be decorated in the form of shaped polyurethane foam inserts (Fig.6), providing the necessary product design. The thickness of the flooring (bottom) of the duct from flexible polyurethane foam is 40 mm. In combination with such a flooring and a spring block height of 140 mm, the deformation of the soft element is 120 mm (corresponds to the “0” softness category of the finished product).

In the particular case of PM execution, the formation of the base is performed on a frame-shield rigid base made in the form of an open box (Fig. 9). The dimensions of the base cavity with (allowances) correspond to the dimensions of the part of the spring block placed in it. BNP, as a rule, is fixed at the base by glue. The base layer of furniture felt is fixed with glue and a furniture bracket. The lower surface of the BNP is fixedly connected to the base with an adhesive solution.

The technical solution under consideration for the upholstery of the upholstered furniture element allows the use of various cover designs on top of the box.

As evidence of the implementation of PM, examples of typical designs for the execution of the basics of soft elements that form places for sitting and lying in upholstered furniture are given (Fig. 7).

Constructive forms of soft elements:

- removable mattresses of unilateral and bilateral softness,

- non-removable mattresses of one-sided softness on rigid, flexible, elastic and combined bases of seats and berths.

PM design using BNP as a filler to form the foundations of soft elements can be implemented, in particular, in the following items of upholstered furniture: sofa beds, corner sofa beds, armchairs, ottomans, soft banquets, lounge chairs, canapes, ottomans, sofas.

The principle proposed by the applicant for the formation of the base of the soft element using BNP is applicable in items of upholstered furniture with bases with a variable geometry of the plane of the berth, which is confirmed by the possibility

the use of this principle on all types of furniture bases, including those with curved surfaces (Fig. 11).

Claims (4)

1. A soft furniture element base containing a spring block formed by a plurality of interconnected garlands of springs enclosed in pockets, the axes of which are parallel to each other, and the longitudinal upper ends of the springs lie in a common plane perpendicular to their longitudinal axes, with the formation of an upper flat surface of a block covered with flooring, and elements reinforcing the shape of the block in its lateral part, characterized in that the spring block is placed in a box of soft elastic material, the bottom of which is the flooring on the upper overhnost unit, and the role of elements, the reinforcing block form in its lateral parts, operate duct wall. 2. The base according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a plug connected to the bottom surface of the spring block and the walls of the box. 3. The base according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring block is made rectangular in plan from above, and the walls of the box are made in the form of bars located along the perimeter of the spring block along its lateral sides. 4. The base according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls and bottom of the box are made of flexible polyurethane foam.