RU53271U1 - DEVICE FOR ANTI-SLIDING VEHICLE WHEELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to transport engineering and can be used, in particular, for heavy vehicles. A device for anti-skid vehicle wheels, consisting of a hopper with an upper loading window, in the lower part of which an unloading part is located. Characterized in that the hopper is located in the dispenser, which is mounted on the vehicle’s power frame in front of one or more drive wheels and is equipped with a heating element. The hopper has an asymmetric shape, with the rear wall of the hopper located at an angle from the drive wheel from the upper wide part of the metering hopper to the lower narrowed part of the metering hopper. In the lower part, the hopper is provided with guide elements and a shaft is fixed in the side walls of the metering hopper to rotate around the longitudinal axis from the drive shaft, and the metering shaft is provided with longitudinal grooves.

Description

The utility model relates to transport engineering and can be used, in particular, for heavy vehicles.

The invention is known "Device anti-skid pneumatic tires", patent RU No. 93017745, publ. 1995.10.20, IPC B 60 C 27/00, containing blades with slotted holes. However, the blades are put on the tire of the wheel, which leads to damage, in addition, the device is difficult in design and difficult to operate.

The invention is known "Auxiliary drive" alpo "to increase the patency of the vehicle", patent RU, No. 2088420 publ. 1997.08.27, IPC B 60 V 15/26, which uses lugs mounted on the wheel disc, which leads to an unbalance of the wheels. In this device, the working body is connected to the working position in the direction of movement of a moving vehicle, which makes it difficult to switch from the working position to the idle one.

The invention is known "Device for scattering sand", patent RU, No. 2222664, publ. 2004.01.27, IPC E 01 H 5/04, including a sand container with slots for impellers. However, it solves another technical problem, namely, for scattering sand, salt and other bulk materials when ice is on pedestrian paths, sidewalks and roads, but does not solve the problem of uniformly adding sand under the driving wheels of a vehicle when it is stragging.

Known invention "Machine for making mineral fertilizers", patent RU, No. 2090038, publ. 1997.09.20, IPC A 01 C 17/00, including a hopper mounted on the chassis. However, it solves another technical problem, namely, the introduction of mineral fertilizers and increasing the uniformity of the distribution of fertilizers. It is not

solves the problem of uniformly adding sand under the driving wheels of a vehicle when it is stragging.

The invention is known "Working body for screening bulk materials", patent RU, No. 2177218, publ. 2001.12.27, IPC A 01 C 17/00, E 01 C 19/20, B 65 G 31/04, comprising a reflector consisting of central and peripheral cones mounted concentrically relative to each other. The invention solves another technical problem, increasing the uniformity of the distribution of bulk material on the soil surface and increasing the width of the device. However, it does not solve the problem of uniformly adding sand under the driving wheels of a vehicle when it is stragging.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the invention "Bunker device", patent RU, No. 2172285, publ. 2001.08.20, IPC B 65 D 88/64, A 01 C 17/00, including a housing with an upper loading window, in the lower part of which an unloading part is located. However, this device uses an unloading auger with left and right coils, which does not allow to solve the problem of uniformly adding sand under the driving wheels of the vehicle when it is stragging. In addition, the device does not allow to solve the problem of dosed rash of gravel or sand on the road surface in front of the drive wheels and the convenience of controlling the dispenser.

For heavy vehicles, for example, with a weight of 20 to 40 tons, there is a great difficulty in moving away from the place even with a slight icing of the road, especially if the car is on a slope of the road. The heavy weight of the car itself, especially the laden one, leads to the fact that the use of treads or spikes on the wheel tire is not enough, because they flatten under weight and do not perform the function of adhesion to the roadbed. A sharp, local, episodic increase in the coefficient of adhesion to the roadbed at the stage of stragging of vehicles is required. The use of chains on wheels or devices in the form of mechanical and other hooks worn on the wheel leads to the fact that when the car moves at cruising speed along the highway, the dynamic characteristics of vehicles are significantly impaired. In addition, the wheels are unbalanced or damaged. In addition, there is no way to control the device from the cab, or the control requires the driver to carefully monitor the "working" and "idle" mode of operation of the device, which complicates the driver’s work, distracting him from the traffic situation.

The proposed technical solution ensures the achievement of a technical result for improving the adhesion of the driving wheels of a heavy vehicle during stragging, uniform, metered spilling of crushed stone or sand onto the road surface in front of the driving wheels, ensuring the convenience of transferring the device from a non-working state to an active - operational and convenient dispenser control.

This technical result is ensured by an anti-skid device of the vehicle wheels, consisting of a hopper with an upper loading window, in the lower part of which an unloading part is located. This device is characterized in that the hopper is placed in the dispenser, which is mounted on the vehicle’s power frame in front of one or more drive wheels and is equipped with a heating element, the hopper has an asymmetric shape, and the back wall of the hopper is at an angle from the drive wheel from the upper wide part of the dispenser hopper to the lower narrowed part of the metering hopper, in the lower part the hopper is equipped with guide elements and a shaft is mounted in the side walls of the metering hopper to rotate around the longitudinal B from the drive shaft, wherein the shaft of the dispenser is provided with longitudinal grooves. In the device, the shaft of each dispenser can be connected to the electric drive, and the dispenser shaft on one side is connected, for example, by means of a key to the shaft of the gearbox of the electric drive. In the device, the operation of the metering shaft is controlled by a control unit, including, for example, an autonomous battery. The dispenser of the device can be fixedly mounted on the power frame of a heavy vehicle by means of a power frame with flanges. The dispensers of the device, for example, are installed in front of each drive wheel of a heavy vehicle. Moreover, for example, the front and side walls of the hopper of the dispenser are located vertically, the loading window of the hopper is closed by a removable cover, the guide element is made in the form of a tee, and the shaft of the hopper of the dispenser is equipped with four longitudinal grooves. In particular, the grooves of the hopper metering shaft can be provided at the top with fillets to prevent sand or gravel particles from getting stuck.

The technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - shows a functional diagram of the dispenser

Figure 2 - shows the location of the dispenser on the power frame of vehicles

Figure 3 - shows the dispenser assembly, axonometric projection

Figure 4 - shows a longitudinal section of a hopper with a shaft

Figure 5 - shows a shaft with grooves, axonometric projection

The device consists of a hopper (1), with guide elements (2) and a cover (3), which is fastened with flanges (4) of the dispenser power frame (5) on the power frame (6) of vehicles. The hopper has a rear wall (7), which is located at an angle from the side of the drive wheel from the upper wide part of the metering hopper to the lower tapered part of the metering hopper, in the lower part the hopper is equipped with guide elements (2) and a shaft is fixed in the side walls (8) of the metering hopper (9) rotatably about a longitudinal axis from a drive shaft. On the one hand, the shaft (9) is closed by a cover (10), and on the other hand, the shaft (9) is connected via keyway (11) to the drive shaft. The dispenser (12) is connected through a gearbox (13) to an electric motor (14), and each dispenser has its own electric drive (see Figure 1). A heating element (15) is placed inside each dispenser. The electric drive and heating element circuit is directly controlled by the control unit (16) located in the driver's cab. Power is supplied to the control unit and to the branches of the electric drives from an autonomous battery (17).

In this case, the shaft (9) is provided with longitudinal grooves (18). The grooves are made according to the size of the crushed stone or sand. So it is most efficient to use bulk material with particle sizes of 8 to 20 mm across. Then the groove width is calculated equal to 10 mm. In order to prevent the sharp edges of particles from getting stuck in the groove, fillets are made in the upper part of the grooves. The width and number of grooves also depends on the required volume of filling under the wheels of bulk material. The most suitable for heavy vehicles is a hopper with a volume of 80-95 liters. In this case, its dimensions in width correspond to the dimensions of the vehicle wheel. The beveled back wall (7) and the guiding element (2), made, for example, in the form of a tee, provide uniform filling of sand or gravel or any other chemical reagent under the drive wheel. To prevent sand sticking in the hopper (1), a heating element (15) is placed in the dispenser,

providing the required bulk properties of sand or gravel to be poured at its specified humidity.

The device operates as follows. On the frame (5) with flanges (4), the dispenser (12) is rigidly attached to the power frame (6) of heavy vehicles. In accordance with the number of driving wheels of vehicles, dispensers are placed in front of each of them. Each dispenser has its own electric drive, which is connected to the control unit (16) and the battery (17) supplying the control unit and electric motors (12), as well as the heating element (15) of each dispenser (12). After turning on the electric motor, through the key connection (11), the rotational movement from the gearbox (13) is transmitted to the shaft (9). During the rotation of the shaft (9), the grooves (18) are forced, being in the upper position, capture a portion of bulk material from the hopper (1). In this case, the bulk material under the influence of its own weight fills the entire volume of the groove. In the lower position of the groove, the bulk material pours out in front of the drive wheel onto the roadbed, while being evenly distributed due to its uniform placement in the groove, as well as during the rash, due to the guide element (2).

Thus, when stragging, the wheels of heavy vehicles have an increased coefficient of adhesion to the roadbed in frozen and icy soil. This effect is achieved only when stragging vehicles, then the control unit turns off the metering drives and the car moves in the normal mode. This achieves a sharp, local, episodic increase in the coefficient of adhesion to the roadbed at the stragging stage and a uniform, metered rash of gravel or sand on the road surface in front of the drive wheels. In addition, they provide the convenience of transferring the device from a non-working state to an active-working state and vice versa, without the presence of a distraction for the driver. In addition, the convenience of controlling the dispenser is ensured, since the control unit is located in the driver's cab.

Claims (11)

1. Device for anti-skid vehicle wheels, consisting of a hopper with an upper loading window, in the lower part of which there is an unloading part, characterized in that the hopper is placed in the dispenser, which is mounted on the vehicle’s power frame in front of one or more driving wheels and equipped with a heating element and the hopper has an asymmetric shape, with the rear wall of the hopper at an angle from the drive wheel from the upper wide part of the metering hopper to the lower narrowed part of the hopper dose torus, in the lower part the hopper is equipped with guide elements and a shaft is mounted in the side walls of the dispenser hopper to rotate around the longitudinal axis from the drive shaft, and the dispenser shaft is provided with longitudinal grooves. 2. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft of each dispenser is connected to an electric drive. 3. The anti-skid device according to claim 2, characterized in that the metering shaft on one side is connected by means of a key to the shaft of the electric drive gearbox. 4. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the metering shaft is controlled by a control unit including an autonomous battery. 5. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispenser is fixedly mounted on the power frame of a heavy truck by means of a power frame with flanges. 6. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispensers are installed in front of each drive wheel of a heavy vehicle. 7. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and side walls of the dispenser hopper are arranged vertically. 8. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper loading window is closed by a removable cover. 9. The anti-skid device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide element is made in the form of a brand. 10. The device for anti-skid according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft of the hopper of the dispenser is equipped with four longitudinal grooves. 11. The anti-skid device according to claim 10, characterized in that the grooves of the hopper dispenser shaft are provided with fillets in the upper part to prevent sand or gravel particles from getting stuck.