RU48560U1 - MULTILAYER STORAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

MULTI-TIER STORAGE has an axisymmetric supporting structure with openings for piece goods on one tier, tiers of storage blocks above and / or below the tier of receiving and issuing goods, each having at least one cargo compartment, and a lift having at least one axisymmetric supporting platform for freights and rise-lowering approach. For high-performance customer service, the tiers of the storage units are at least paired into vertical sections, in which the storage units in single-order tiers are located identically, and the opposed cargo compartments inside the storage units of adjacent tiers of each section are crossed. Moreover, the lift is equipped with at least one set of support platforms, the number of which in the set is equal to the number of tiers in any section and the distance between which corresponds in height to the distance between the tiers in the sections. The sites have guides, the number and location of which corresponds to the number and location of the opposed cargo compartments inside the storage units in the corresponding tiers of each section.

Description

The invention relates to the construction of multi-tier storage facilities equipped with cargo compartments and elevators for the vertical movement of piece goods. Such storages serve as means of preferably underground parking of cars in large cities and compact warehouses for temporary storage of containers at arbitrary cargo terminals.

It is well known that the problem of car parking is becoming more acute not only in the central regions, but also on the outskirts of large cities.

Similarly, the rapid growth in the transportation of piece and bulk cargo in standardized containers suitable for multiple transshipment between means of land (rail and road), water and air transport, forcing carriers to expand warehouses for temporary storage of such containers.

Well-known difficulties associated with the allocation of land for parking zones or warehouses.

Therefore, multi-tier storage facilities have long existed.

Sometimes they look like detached high-rise buildings.

When such buildings serve as garages, spiral ramps are usually provided in their design for cars to enter and leave their parking places on their own.

If such buildings serve as warehouses, then they are usually equipped with elevators for the vertical movement of goods and means of automatically controlling the loading and unloading of cargo compartments.

However, in megacities, car parking zones and container warehouses at intercity freight terminals are increasingly located underground, leaving only entrances (entrances) to storage facilities and / or garages and exits (exits) from them insignificant in terms of occupied area.

Examples are underground storage facilities, in particular parking lots according to the application EP 0547552. They have parallel tunnels with compartments for passenger cars, along which there is a transport corridor equipped with suitable movable supports for feeding cars to and from the compartments. The tunnels are usually located on both sides of the corridor in one or more rows of at least one tier, and preferably several tiers. At least one elevator is usually installed at one end of the corridor or to the side of it. In the latter case, the elevator may have a turntable for entering and leaving cars in different directions.

From the foregoing, it is clear that the total area of the underground storage (parking), even in a single-tier version, significantly exceeds the area occupied by the ground

entry-exit from it.

However, the construction of long underground tunnels in dense urban areas is very difficult. Not only that, the longer the tunnels and the more rows of tunnels are located on one side of the transport corridor, the higher the construction and operational risks and the less productive the parking of cars and their removal from the parking lot. In particular, drivers often have to wait for parking or getting their car for more than a quarter of an hour, which is highly undesirable.

Therefore, "point-like" multi-tier storages (parkings) are preferred, in which compartments for piece goods (cars) are located radially relative to the central service zone common to all tiers.

Of these, in terms of technical nature, the closest multi-tier storage facility is proposed according to RU 2117744 and the equivalent patent UA 25850. It contains:

(1) an axisymmetric (in particular, skeleton-shell) support structure, which has openings for receiving and delivering piece goods at one of the tiers (mainly at the level of the day surface),

(2) at least two tiers of storage blocks that are axisymmetrically (in particular crosswise) located above and / or below the tier of reception and delivery of goods, each warehouse block having at least one compartment for piece cargo (in particular for a car ), and preferably two or more such compartments, and

(3) a hoist for the vertical movement of piece goods between the tier of their receipt and delivery and storage tiers, which is located in the middle part of the supporting structure and has:

(3.1) as a rule, one axisymmetric support platform for receiving, holding during vertical movement and delivery of goods,

(3.2) a platform raising and lowering drive; and

(3.3) means for changing the orientation of piece goods in a horizontal plane when they are delivered to free compartments or when dispensed, for example:

(3.3.1) in the form of a turntable, which is usually made integral with the support platform and connected to the rotation drive, or

(3.3.2) in the form of trolleys with their own drive and a mechanism for reinstalling the wheels in one of two mutually perpendicular positions.

A well-known storage facility can only receive and deliver piece goods sequentially one after another. Therefore, the time is spent mainly on changing the orientation of the goods in the horizontal plane before serving for storage in the selected compartment and during delivery. The specialist understands that these unproductive costs will increase the faster (and even more so slow down customer service), the more tiers, storage blocks on each tier and cargo compartments in each block will have storage.

The utility model is based on the task of improving such a multi-tier by improving the execution form and the relative position of the storage units and the lift

a storage facility that would provide high-performance customer service with massive demand for warehouse services.

The problem is solved in that in a multi-tier storage containing: an axisymmetric supporting structure, which on one of the tiers has openings for receiving and dispensing piece goods, at least two tiers of storage units that are axisymmetrically placed above and / or below the tier of goods receiving and dispensing moreover, each storage unit has at least one compartment for piece cargo, and a lift that is located in the middle of the supporting structure and has at least one axisymmetric supporting platform for receiving vertically moving according to the inventive concept, the tiers of the storage units are combined in at least two of the same vertically arranged sections, each of which consists of at least two tiers, the storage units inside the single-order tiers of the indicated vertical sections are located identically, Opposite compartments for piece goods inside the warehouse blocks of adjacent tiers of each indicated section are located in crossing directions, the lift is equipped with at least measures e one set of supporting platforms located one above the other, the number of which in each set is equal to the number of tiers inside any specified section, and the distance between the indicated platforms in height corresponds to the distance between tiers in each specified section, and each supporting platform inside its set has such guides for reception and delivery of goods, the number and location of which corresponds to the number and location of the opposed compartments inside the storage units in a certain tier of each specified sec tion tiers.

In such a storage, there is no need to change the orientation of the received or issued piece goods in the horizontal plane, because they are fed into the cargo compartments of the storage units and issued only along straight guides. Thus, it is possible to significantly increase customer service productivity.

The first additional difference is that in each section of tiers two tiers are sequentially included with storage blocks crosswise located in plan, each of which contains at least one compartment, and the elevator is equipped with two supporting platforms. This simplest embodiment of the inventive concept allows the construction of compact storage units of piece goods and, in particular, garages built into the underground premises of residential buildings.

The second additional difference is that in each section of tiers four tiers are sequentially included with storage blocks located crosswise in plan, each storage block containing at least two adjacent tiers

at least three compartments, and the lift is equipped with four supporting platforms. This more complex version of the embodiment of the inventive concept allows the construction of vertically developed piece-load warehouses and garages in which the number of storage-cargo compartments can reach several hundred.

The third additional difference is that the storage is equipped with a set of load-carrying trolleys for supplying and delivering piece goods from the cargo compartments, at least one tier in each section and at least one corresponding supporting platform in at least one set of such platforms rigid guides for the entry-exit of load-carrying trolleys, and in the respective compartments their own supports for stored piece goods are provided. This allows you to freely operate not only with cars that are capable of at least entering and leaving the store, but also with containers. Thus, it is possible to significantly reduce (and to the limit - completely eliminate) the pollution of the atmosphere of the storage units with exhaust gases and significantly reduce the risk of fires in the cargo compartments.

The fourth difference is that each cargo compartment is equipped with a means of blocking the loading and unloading opening. This virtually eliminates the unauthorized access of random people to the piece goods accepted for storage.

The fifth, additional to the fourth difference is that the said means of blocking the loading and unloading aperture is made in the form of a continuous fire-resistant end wall. This allows you to automatically open the cargo compartments for the introduction of external fire extinguishing means and / or emergency recovery of damaged goods using a lift.

A sixth additional difference is that autonomous fire extinguishing means are installed inside at least some of the cargo compartments. This allows you to further increase the safety of piece goods and virtually eliminate the spread of flame even within the same tier.

The seventh, additional to the sixth difference is that each specified autonomous fire extinguishing means is made in the form of an awning made of non-combustible material, which is suspended on low-melting or low-combustible supports. This allows you to automatically provide localization of the fire and suppression of fire.

The eighth additional difference is that the store has elevated storage tiers. Such storage facilities are preferably used as collective garages or parking lots in residential areas.

The ninth, additional to the eighth, difference is that the cargo compartments of the above-ground storage tiers are equipped with internal and external end partitions, while the external end partition serves as part of the enclosing structure and is suspended with the possibility of sliding in vertical rails on fusible or low-combustible supports. This design can be used to facilitate fire fighting.

with the use of external fire fighting equipment and for the evacuation of cargo damaged by fire with the help of cranes, bypassing the central part of the storage.

Further, the essence of the utility model is illustrated by a detailed description of the design and operation of the multi-tiered storage with reference to the drawings, which depict on:

figure 1 is a schematic example of the design of a multi-tiered vertically partitioned storage of piece goods (in a conventional section by a vertical plane passing through the axis of symmetry);

srig.2 - plan of the first tier in one of several sections of the same type of storage blocks and the plan of the corresponding cargo platform of the elevator;

figure 3 is a plan of the second tier in one of several sections of the same type of storage blocks and a plan of the corresponding cargo platform of the lift;

figure 4 is a plan of the third tier in one of several sections of the same type of storage blocks and a plan of the corresponding cargo platform of the lift;

5 is a plan of the fourth tier in one of several sections of the same type of storage blocks and a plan of the corresponding cargo platform of the elevator.

6 is a diagram of the supply of piece cargo (car) on a load-carrying trolley in the cargo compartment of the storage unit, which is equipped with locking and fire extinguishing.

The multi-tier storage (see figure 1) has:

axisymmetric support structure 1, which includes not specifically designated:

- frame and, if necessary, the outer shell and

- one service tier 2, which is also equipped with specially designated openings for receiving and dispensing piece goods, at least two tiers 3 of storage units 4, which are axisymmetrically placed on the supporting structure 1 above and / or below the service tier 2, each storage unit 4 (see, for example, FIG. 2) has at least one compartment 5 (and preferably two or more parallel compartments 5) for individually arranging piece goods, and a lift that is located in the middle of the supporting structure and has at least one set of races axially symmetric supporting platforms 6 placed one above the other for received, vertically moving and issued piece goods and a drive 7 for joint lifting and lowering of these platforms 6 in a shaft not specifically designated with a pit. The drive 7 is usually in the form of an elevator, as shown in figure 1, which does not exclude other suitable forms of execution of this site.

The service tier 2 is usually located at the level of the day surface, although it is possible to deepen or exceed it relative to the specified level and the corresponding equipment with ramps and / or racks for the entrance / exit of cars or additional external lifts for the delivery and delivery of non-self-propelled piece goods.

Other tiers 3 are combined in at least two of the same type vertically arranged sections 8, each of which consists of at least two tiers 3, differing in the orientation direction of the storage blocks 4 relative to the common axis of symmetry

supporting structure 1 and supporting platforms 6.

Warehouse blocks 4 (and, accordingly, the cargo compartments 5 included in them) inside single-order (i.e. conditionally 1st, 2nd, etc.) tiers 3 of each vertical section 8 of the storage are located identically and oriented approximately radially relative to the specified axis symmetry, as can be seen in figures 2-5. It is also clearly seen that the opposed cargo compartments 5 inside those storage units 4 that belong to the adjacent tiers 3 of each vertical section 8 are oriented in crossed directions, for example (but not necessarily) crosswise.

, The number of sets of support platforms 6 of the elevator is usually less (at least one) of the number of vertical sections of 8 tiers 3, but - for reasons of minimizing the power of the drive 7 of the elevator - it is usually equal to one.

The number of supporting platforms 6 in each set is equal to the number of tiers 3 inside any vertical section 8, and the distance between the indicated platforms 6 in height inside the set corresponds to the distance between tiers 3 in sections 8.

Each supporting platform 6 within its set has such guides not shown and not specifically marked for receiving and dispensing goods, the number and location of which corresponds to the number and location of the opposed cargo compartments 5 inside the storage units 4 in a certain tier 3 of each vertical section 8 tiers 3. Similar guides are also provided in the cargo compartments 5.

The mentioned guides in the simplest cases can take the form of purely signal elements in the form of strips and / or arrows, painted with a contrasting color paint on the platforms 6 and the floor of the cargo compartments 5. However, in more complex cases they can take the form of either continuous recesses (such as a gauge), or continuous or discrete protrusions that severely limit piece-load maneuvers inside the vault.

It is advisable (but not necessary) that in each vertical section of 8 tiers 3 multi-tier storage were consistently included:

or two tiers 3 with storage blocks 4 crosswise located in plan, each of which has at least one cargo compartment 5, and preferably at least two such compartments 5,

or four tiers with cross-shaped storage units 4 in plan view, with at least two adjacent tiers 3 each storage unit 4 containing at least three cargo compartments 5.

Naturally, in these cases, the lift must be equipped with either two or four supporting platforms 6.

It is also advisable (but not necessary) that:

the storage was equipped with a set of load-carrying trolleys 9 with specially designated removable pallets (see Fig. 6) for supplying and delivering piece goods from the cargo compartments 5, at least one tier 3 in each vertical section 8 and at least one

the corresponding supporting platform 6 in at least one set of such platforms were equipped with rigid guides for the entry-exit of the carts 9, and in their respective compartments 5 were provided their own supports 10 (see Fig.6) for stored piece goods.

In multi-tier storages of valuable or flammable piece cargo, at least part of the compartments 5 (see Fig. 6) is equipped with suitable means of blocking the loading and unloading openings. In multi-tier car parks, each such tool usually has the form of a continuous fire-resistant end partition 11, which completely covers the opening for receiving and issuing goods in the corresponding compartment 5.

In multi-tier car parks that have elevated storage tiers, each compartment 5 can be equipped with two (internal and external) end walls 11. Moreover, the external end wall 11 usually serves as part of the enclosing structure (shell) and is suspended with the possibility of sliding in vertical guides 12 on fusible or combustible supports 13 (see Fig.6).

To ensure fire safety, you can use other stand-alone fire extinguishing means installed inside at least some cargo compartments 5. For parking, it is advisable to make such means from a suitable flexible non-combustible material in the form of awnings 14 with subsequent suspension on specially designated low-melting or low-combustible supports. Naturally, the cargo compartments 5 can be equipped with other publicly available fire extinguishers.

The specialist will understand that each multi-tier storage is usually equipped with a trivial automatic control system based on a set of sensors (in particular, load sensors that are connected to supports 10 for piece goods inside compartments 5) and at least one personal computer that provides:

current accounting of free compartments 5 in storage units 4, issuing and recognition of documents required for processing delivery, delivery and payment for storage of goods, development of commands for their loading and unloading using a lift, temperature and composition of the gas medium in sections 8 tiers 3 and an alarm system in case of malfunctions or accidents.

Obviously, storage customers can subscribe to specific compartments 5 for a period convenient for them and / or for a certain number of parking lots (downloads) by purchasing the appropriate code cards.

Further, the operation of a multi-tier storage is described in detail using an example of load-carrying trolleys 9. When loading compartments 5 at the level of the service tier 2 (see, in particular, Figures 1 and 2), each vehicle drives in or set up on its own, and each non-self-propelled piece cargo set on a removable pallet of the load-carrying cart 9.

Depending on the number of compartments 5 in storage units 4 of a certain tier 3

of a certain section 8, it is possible to simultaneously load several parallel-oriented carts 9, as can be seen in Figures 2 and 3. At the same time, the operation of the storage garages can be easily arranged so that while loading and unloading several cars at the same time, they are briefly located with a ledge for safe opening of the side doors and exit-entry drivers.

Loaded trolleys 9 automatically arrive at the supporting platforms 6 of the elevator, corresponding to the selected tier 3 of a particular section. Then the drive 7 raises or lowers this platform 6 to the desired level. When the trolley 9 is opposite the selected free compartment 5 of one of the storage units 4, the fire-resistant end wall 11 of this compartment 5 opens, the trolley 9 enters the compartment 5, leaves the pallet with cargo on the supports 10 and returns to the platform 6 in readiness to remove the free pallet from another (empty) compartment 5 or receiving a pallet with cargo from compartment 5 intended for unloading at the source or another tier 3.

After locking the loaded compartment 5 with the indicated partition 11, the owner of the car (or other piece of cargo) receives a receipt and / or a key with the address of the compartment 5, which can be used to automatically read data and generate commands to open the partition 11 and the lift when the load is issued.

At the same time, the unloading of the storage facility (see figures 2 and 3, 4 and 5) proceeds in the reverse load order, up to the delivery of the car or non-self-propelled cargo to the service tier 2 (see figure 1) and its exit to the access road or removal from the pallet of the trolley 9 using a suitable lifting device.

Providing the storage with fire-resistant end walls 11 and fire-resistant awnings 14 (mainly when storing fueling cars) even in the absence of additional fire extinguishing equipment built into the compartments 5, it is possible to localize fire sources. Accordingly, additional end walls 11, which are suspended on fusible or low-combustible supports 13 on vertical guides 12 in the aboveground parts of the storage facilities (see Fig. 6), allow the use of external fire extinguishing means.

The proposed multi-tier storage can be easily built using materials and components available on the market. Vertical sectioning allows you to centrally produce custom elements and simplify the construction and, especially, operation. Really:

when loading warehouse blocks on separate tiers on the support platforms of the elevator, at least two (usually four, six and even more piece loads) can be simultaneously installed, and when unloading the tiers it is easy to extract as many piece weights from the compartments as they can accommodate all supporting platforms of the elevator during its step-by-step movement between the vertical sections of 8 tiers 3 in one direction (up or down).

Claims (10)

1. A multi-tier storage containing an axisymmetric supporting structure, which on one of the tiers has openings for receiving and dispensing piece goods, at least two tiers of storage units that are axisymmetrically placed above and / or below the tier of receiving and issuing goods, each storage unit has at least one piece for piece cargo, and a lift that is located in the middle of the supporting structure and has at least one axisymmetric support platform for received, vertically moved and issued piece x cargo and drive lifting and lowering, characterized in that the tiers of the storage units are combined in at least two of the same vertically arranged sections, each of which consists of at least two tiers, storage units inside the single-order tiers of the specified vertical sections are the same, opposed freight the compartments inside the storage blocks of the tiers of each indicated section adjacent in height are located in intersecting directions, the lift is equipped with at least one set located one above the other th supporting platforms, the number of which in each set is equal to the number of tiers inside any specified section, and the distance between the indicated platforms in height corresponds to the distance between tiers in each specified section, and each supporting platform inside its set has such guides for receiving and delivering goods, the number and the location of which corresponds to the number and location of the opposed cargo compartments inside the storage units in a specific tier of each specified section of tiers. 2. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that in each section of the tiers two tiers are sequentially included with storage blocks crosswise arranged in plan, each of which contains at least one cargo compartment, and the elevator is equipped with two supporting platforms. 3. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that each tier section includes four tiers with storage blocks crosswise arranged in plan view, with at least two adjacent tiers of each storage unit containing at least three cargo compartments, and a lift equipped with four supporting platforms. 4. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a set of load-carrying trolleys for supplying and dispensing piece goods from them, at least one tier in each section and at least one corresponding supporting platform in at least one set of such platforms are equipped with rigid guides for the entry-exit of load-carrying trolleys, and in the corresponding cargo compartments their own supports for stored piece goods are provided. 5. The multi-tier storage according to claim 1, characterized in that each cargo compartment is equipped with a means for blocking the loading and unloading opening. 6. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 5, characterized in that said means for blocking the loading and unloading opening is made in the form of a continuous fire-resistant end wall. 7. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that autonomous fire extinguishing means are installed inside at least some of the cargo compartments. 8. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 7, characterized in that each of said autonomous fire extinguishing means is made in the form of an awning made of non-combustible material, which is suspended on low-melting or low-combustible supports. 9. The multi-tiered storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that it has elevated storage tiers. 10. The multi-tier storage facility according to claim 9, characterized in that the cargo compartments of the above-ground storage tiers are equipped with internal and external end partitions, while the external end partition serves as part of the enclosing structure and is suspended with the possibility of sliding in vertical guides on fusible or low-combustible supports.