RU39421U1 - DEVICE FOR ENCRYPTION AND DECODING OF TEXTS FOR TRAINING AND GAME OBJECTIVES - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to teaching methods and means for their implementation, and may find application in working with young children in order to accelerate speech correction, formation of consciousness, learning the principles of reading. The encryption of the text by the named method is achieved by the fact that the source text is divided into elements that are signs (for example, punctuation marks), individual consonants and open syllables. Then the signs and individual consonants are transferred to the cipher program without changes, while each open syllable is transferred to the cipher program in the form of a certain word designation or an image corresponding to it, resulting in an encrypted text. In a closed syllable, only the open part is used for replacement. The encryption word is selected from the words of the language so that it denotes an object, and all encryption words should be selected so that the encrypted syllable is in the first stressed position. The mentioned method is implemented using cryptographic cards 7, cryptographic table 1 and the so-called "talking keyboard" 9, which allows you to play a sound corresponding to the text element presented on this key when you press any key 13. The present invention provides the visibility of teaching young children the basics of reading, helps to acquire computer skills.

Description

The present invention relates to teaching methods and means for their implementation in the form of cryptographic tables and cards, and can be used when working with children of preschool and primary school age in order to accelerate speech correction, formation of consciousness, teaching the principles of reading in the native language, as well as children learning foreign languages, the written system of which is based on the alphabet and has the property of adequate transmission of sound speech.

The encryption of texts based on the alphabet is known and usually consists in the fact that some well-known symbols of the alphabet letters, as well as punctuation marks and numbers, are replaced (according to a certain logical scheme) with other, including original, symbols, moreover, the replacement circuit and substitute characters are known to a limited circle of persons. Examples are secret information coding systems where the logic mentioned is hidden as much as possible, as well as Morse code, the use of punched tapes to prepare for transferring information to computers or a font for the blind.

Further, as an example, we can cite a system of square-treutol fonts (“Russian Language. Encyclopedia”, chap. Ed. FP Filin, Moscow, “Soviet Encyclopedia”, 1979, pp. 205-210), as well as the method and order for cryptanalytic research. The above known methods, however, like other well-known methods of encrypting and decrypting texts, serve for special forms of information transfer and therefore require the use of knowledge

and skills that most people don’t own. For this reason, all the above methods and methods are not applicable for classes with children of preschool and primary school age for educational purposes.

It is also known "A manual for teaching reading," in which the compilation of words is carried out by typing them from structural elements with an alphabetic symbol depicted on each element (see description of USSR patent No. 502617, M.C. ² G09B 1/06, published 12.05. 76r). This manual solves the problem of replacing the spelling of words with their compilation from a pre-prepared set of characters printed on any media, while the latter are fixed on a special board. Work with this manual also implies that the student has certain knowledge and skills, in particular, knowledge about the correspondence of certain sounds to their graphic image in the form of separate letters and their combinations (i.e., knowledge of the transcription of the mentioned elements). That is why teaching the principles of reading when using the aforementioned technique is ineffective and takes considerable time. In addition, this methodology is practically not entertaining, which also reduces the effectiveness of classes, especially when teaching children of the above age group.

The problem solved by the invention is to gaming, i.e. using fascinating and easily understood methods and visual aids to quickly teach a child the basic principles of reading.

The technical result is achieved in the claimed invention by breaking the encrypted text into elements of open syllables, individual consonants and vowels, punctuation marks and / or other similar signs, followed by the replacement of a certain part of these elements, namely open syllables and vowels, with encryption

designations, which use either encryption words, which are the names of objects, or easily recognizable images of these objects, while encryption words (names) contain the mentioned syllables or letters in the first stressed position, and the transfer of the remaining text elements in the form of separate consonants, punctuation marks and / or other similar characters to the cryptogram without changes.

To implement the above method, a device in the form of encryption cards for folding, hanging, gluing or magnetic mounting on the surface, and on the cards letters and / or images of objects for constructing encrypted texts are proposed.

To speed up and facilitate the learning process by this method, as well as to increase visibility, a table is proposed containing a set of text elements and their corresponding encryption words and images of objects, while the names of the objects depicted are encryption words in which the mentioned text elements, namely open syllables and vowels are present in the first stressed position (i.e. are located at the beginning of the word and are stressed).

Similarly, a keyboard is provided that can either be connected to a computer and peripheral equipment, or can be a functional (integrated) unit of a device combined with a computer system unit and / or display, and / or a sound reproducing device, and / or a printing device, and which has additional keys with images of open syllables, and speech sounds corresponding to the letters and syllables shown on the keys are pre-recorded in the memory unit, when you click on any of the mentioned mentioned

The key produces a sound or image corresponding to the letter or syllable depicted on that key.

The funds listed in the shortest possible time provide the child with a sufficient basis for independent analysis and differentiation of sounds according to the most vivid, characteristic and natural signs, and also make it possible to present the child with written text in the form of a sequence of graphic symbols that are more convenient (due to their naturalness) for perception by the child’s consciousness and subsequent analysis, than the sequence in the form of letters, which for children at the initial stage of education is nothing more than abstract symbols.

Encryption of the text in this way is achieved by first breaking up the source text into elements that are characters (for example, punctuation marks), individual letters, and open syllables. Then, the signs and individual consonants are transferred to the cryptogram without changes, and each vowel and open syllable are transferred to the ciphertext in the form of a word (name of the subject) or the corresponding image of this subject. In a closed syllable, only its open part is allowed. The encryption word is selected from the words of the language in such a way that it is a noun and at the same time represents the name of an object, and the indicated open syllable or vowel in the encryption word should be stressed, and all encryption words should be selected so that the mentioned a syllable or letter is stressed at the beginning of the word, i.e. in the first shock position, and the encryption words themselves can be represented as pictographic images that are familiar to children

preschool and primary school age (trained audience). The sequence of the above notation (characters) results in ciphertext.

An information search conducted by the applicant showed that the teaching methods are not known in the prior art, in which the encrypted text is divided into elements that are, as indicated, open syllables, individual consonants and vowels, punctuation marks or other similar signs, and the signs and individual consonants are transferred to the cipher program without changes, and open syllables and vowels are transferred to the cipher program in the form of an image of an object or word, which is the name of this object, the above mentioned kva and syllable are located in the stressed position and at the same time at the beginning of the encryption word.

From the search it also follows that there is no known device for encrypting and decrypting text in the form of encryption cards for folding, hanging, gluing or attaching to the surface using magnetic means, with images of objects and / or names of these objects and / or text elements for constructing ciphertext using the aforementioned method.

In addition, the above search showed that the prior art does not know a device for encrypting and decrypting text made in the form of an encryption table containing text elements in the form of separate letters and open syllables, and encryption symbols are presented in the form of encryption words and / or corresponding images items whose names contain the mentioned syllables and vowels in the first stressed position.

And finally, the above search showed that the prior art also does not know a device for encrypting and decrypting text in the form of a keyboard, which is an integral unit of a computer or intended to be connected to the system unit of the latter, a memory unit and / or a printer, and / or a sound reproducing device , which is equipped with additional keys with open syllables, and in the memory block recorded speech sounds in the form of sounds corresponding to the letters and open syllables presented on the keys, while pressing nd any of the keys to play the sound or the image corresponding to a single letter or syllable open shown on that key.

A comparative analysis of the claimed objects and identified analogues showed that the prior art in the field of teaching children reading skills does not know the method and devices for this purpose by encrypting and decrypting the text having the same set of essential features as in the claimed objects, which allows us to conclude on compliance of the claimed invention with the patentability criterion of "novelty."

Further, a comparative analysis of the technical solutions mentioned did not reveal the presence in the prior art of similar methods for encrypting / decrypting texts that incorporate the above distinguishing features, namely, actions involving transferring punctuation marks and individual consonants of the text without changes , and open syllables and individual vowels in the form of an encrypting word, which is the name of an object and containing these letters or an open syllable in the stressed position and at the same time put at the beginning of the encryption word, or in the form of an encrypting image of the subject, the name

which is an encrypting word, and devices for learning by encrypting text words in the aforementioned manner, wherein said means are made in the form of encryption cards for attaching in some way to a surface in which images of objects and / or letters are applied to the cards to build texts, also a similar device in the form of an encryption table containing the said text elements and the corresponding encryption symbols, the text elements being separate letters and open layers and, and the encryption symbols are presented in the form of encryption words and / or corresponding images of objects, the names of which contain the mentioned vowels and open syllables in the first stressed position, and finally, there is also no keyboard-shaped device for implementing this method, designed to connect to the system a computer unit, a memory unit, and / or a printer, and / or a sound reproducing device, which is equipped with additional keys with open syllables, and sound is pre-recorded in the memory unit speech, corresponding to the letters and open syllables, depicted on the keys, while by pressing any of these keys to hear the sound or the image corresponding to the letter or syllable, shown in the key.

Thus, the results of the comparative analysis show that all the objects of the claimed invention meet the patentability criterion of "inventive step", which allows us to conclude that it is possible to provide technical protection solutions to the claimed group as an invention.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a variant of the encryption table (partially) for the Russian language;

figure 2 is the same (continued);

figure 3 is the same (end);

figure 4-examples of encryption and decryption of individual words and phrases;

5 is an example of an encryption table with encryption cards;

in Fig.6-encryption table in the form of a computer keyboard connected to the system unit of the computer;

Fig. 7 is a computer monoblock containing an integrated computer keyboard in the form of an encryption table.

The text encryption method, implemented in accordance with the present invention, provides for the sequential implementation of the following steps in the learning process: breaking words in the text into elements with highlighting open syllables and vowels, their subsequent replacement with encryption notation in the form of words, which are the names of objects, and in such In words, the replaced elements are located in the first shock position, or in the form of images of these objects, for example, stylized pictures (pictograms), and individual consonants and punctuation are transferred unchanged. Of course, the encryption designations may be other than those shown in the drawing, for example, instead of the word BOX, the word APPLE, or the word LIZARD, or the word ANCHOR (i.e., from the words of the studied language, which designates an object known to the trained audience, can be used, and in which the replaced syllable or letter is in the first shock position, and the graphic image of the subject indicated by this word should have an easily recognizable character and should also be known to the trainees). The source text becomes encrypted when parts of the source text are written in sequence as

encryption words or images (pictograms). Similarly, other words can be encrypted, for example, KAPKAN: Cactus-P-Cactus-N, or ARBAT: Stork-R-BANK-T (not shown in the drawing). Practice has shown that similarly, for effective teaching of reading, texts in Russian, Ukrainian, German, and a number of other languages can be processed, the written system of which is based on the alphabet and has the property of adequate transmission of sound speech.

Decryption of the text is carried out by carrying out the above actions in reverse order.

Implementation of the claimed method can be carried out by using various devices intended for this: an encryption table, cards for encryption and a keyboard.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 give an idea of what the encryption table 1 might look like (for example, the Russian language has been selected), i.e. what elements of the text are vowels 2 (left side of the table), consonants 3 (separately or in combination with a soft sign the top of the table), open syllables 4 in the text can be represented by encrypting words 5, which are the names of objects, or can be represented by images ( pictures) 6 of these objects, for example, in the form of pictograms, and the words 5 and pictures 6 may be other, but at the same time well-known audiences. In addition, the requirement for these notations is also the unambiguity of their understanding by students, i.e. identification of designations.

Figure 4 shows examples of encrypted and decrypted words and sentences, while for a better explanation of the example, pictures are also conventionally shown on one side of the card (they are actually located on different sides of the card).

Using a set of graphic symbols, which are images of objects, words and letters, similar to those shown in the cells of the table, but made on any medium 7, mainly on cards that can be fixed, put, glued or hung on some support surface, any participant in the learning process, the teacher or student can compose a text encrypted by the specified method, i.e. in the form of a sequence of the mentioned designations-images b, encryption words 5 and letters 2 and 3 (if necessary also numbers), and these designations, as well as open syllables 4, are applied to encryption cards 7. Each such encryption card 7 is intended for calculation , and / or hanging, and / or gluing, and / or magnetic mounting on the supporting surfaces and may have (depending on the design) the above-mentioned designations-2, 3,4 and 5, printed on both sides, while on one side cards are encrypted with word 5 (name pre item) and / or image of the item (pictogram) 6, and on the other side, the corresponding open syllable 4 or vowel letter 2.

Figure 5 shows, by way of example, what, for example, hinged cryptographic cards 7 might look like. Such cards have the simplest design, making it possible to almost completely use both surfaces of the card. A definite disadvantage here is some unreliability of mounting on the supporting surface.

Cards for gluing (not shown) are printed only on one side, and on the reverse side they have an adhesive (sticky) surface for attaching to the supporting surface (these cards are relatively short-lived and have a smaller usable surface).

It is also possible to use magnetic fastening of cards (not shown), which allows maximum use of both surfaces of cards, as well as simplifying work with them, but there is some inconvenience in the need to separate the cards before and after work.

The learning process using cards is quite understandable to the specialist from the examples in figure 4 and figure 5 and does not require additional explanation.

To facilitate and speed up the process of encryption and decryption, it is proposed to use an encryption table, made similar to the table in Figures 1, 2, 3, which is an ordered and grouped part of the text (grouped into vertically divided groups or parts 8) and corresponding to vowels and open syllables encryption notation. Open syllables and individual letters can be grouped according to the articulatory feature of the place and method of formation of the sounds corresponding to them, and each group can be highlighted in color or in another way (not shown). So the task of speech correction can be facilitated.

One of the options for performing the encryption table 1 may be the so-called "talking keyboard", i.e. a keyboard 9 (FIG. 6), made like a conventional computer keyboard connected to a computer system unit 10, a memory unit (usually integrated in the system unit and not shown in the drawing), to a sound reproducing device 11, to a monitor (display) 12 and / or to a printer (not shown). Some of the keys 13 of such a “talking keyboard” are cells of the encryption table 1 with open syllables executed on the keys 13 and other symbols from table 1. Using this keyboard, you can build texts encrypted as a sequence of pictograms 6 and individual consonants 5.

Texts in this form can be displayed on a monitor screen and / or printed on a printer. Using a sound reproducing device, it is possible to make part of visually perceptible text elements audible in the form of speech sounds (sounds must have been previously stored in the memory unit). This so-called "talking keyboard" can be made as an alternative to a conventional computer keyboard (Fig.6), or as a monoblock 14 with a memory unit, sound reproduction system 11, display 12 (Fig.7).

When you press the keys, a sequence of sounds is played, forming words or phrases from the text, while ensuring control over the correctness of the composition of words or phrases is achieved by software.

Reproduction of an open syllable as the sound of speech is an essential part of this object of the invention and a fundamental innovation.

It should be added that using the graphic representation of numbers (not shown) and the corresponding number of characters (dots, etc.) on the cards 7 and 13 of the keyboard, it is also possible to effectively teach children the basics of counting.

Thus, the proposed group of interconnected inventions, including a method of encrypting text in the form of text processing actions, as well as options for constructive solutions for implementing the mentioned method, allow to visualize and efficiently teach children the basics of reading, helping preschool and primary school children quickly acquire strong skills to master the basics of reading in languages such as Russian, Ukrainian, German and some others, and also allows students to acquire basic skills bots on the computer.

Claims (1)

A device for encrypting and decrypting texts for educational and gaming purposes, made in the form of a keyboard with text elements in the form of letters depicted on a part of its keys integrated into a computer system unit or intended to be connected to a computer system unit, a memory unit, a printer, and / or a sound reproducing device and / or monitor, characterized in that the keyboard is provided with additional keys with images of open syllables, and speech sounds corresponding to the letters and omyanutym open syllables, depicted on the keys, while by pressing any of these keys to hear the sound or the image corresponding to the letter or syllable open, shown in the key.