RU37056U1 - PEAT CARRIAGE - Google Patents

Description

2 O 0312391

MPKV6107 / 08

Peat wagon

The proposed utility model relates to hoppers, in particular to unloading devices for unloading on both sides of the track and is intended for use on cars for the transportation of peat.

More than a dozen models of hopper cars are known for the bulk transportation of various bulk cargoes: coal, ore, coke, etc. (see, for example. Freight cars of the railways of the USSR. M., "Transport, 1989).

Despite their differences due to the requirements for the transported cargo, they have common design features: a body with vertical side and inclined end walls, forcibly opening hatches in the lower part of the side walls of the car, and a floor made in the form of a ridge, the slopes of which are turned towards the side hatches. The last two signs relate to wagons unloaded on both sides of the track

(see, for example, Wagons. Design, theory and calculation. Edited by L. A. Shadur. M., "Transport, 1980).

Based on the narrowly specialized purpose of the claimed technical solution, a carriage for peat transportation, manufactured by the Dneprodzerzhinsky Car-Building Plant, was selected for the prototype (see Peat Carriage. Technical Description and Operation Manual. 473 Maintenance. Car-Building Plant named after the newspaper Pravda, Dneprodzerzhinsk, 1972) .

The known car contains a body mounted on the frame, the side walls of which are made of sheet steel and in the lower part have unloading hatches with covers rotatable relative to the longitudinal axis. Hatches are placed in pairs against each other on opposite sides of the car. The cover of each of the hatches is connected by a thrust with a corresponding one; by the shoulder of the two-shouldered lever mounted on a shaft rotatably mounted along the carriage. The rotation of the shaft in one direction or another (for opening and closing hatches) is carried out by a double-acting pneumatic cylinder, the rod of which acts on another lever of the longitudinal shaft.

The disadvantages of the known car follow from the design flaws of the drive covers of the discharge hatches. So, with

when the hatches of a loaded wagon are opened, the covers under the weight of the load open at once to the full extent of their stroke, while neither the speed of the covers opening nor the amount of their opening are controlled, which makes it impossible to dispense peat unloading. In practice, loaders install wooden supports against the corresponding hatch to get the desired unloading rate, resting them on the ground with one end (embankment) and the other on the lid at the required level of opening (traces of this “rationalization in the form of damaged lids are visible on all operating peat carriers, which once again confirms the urgency of the problem). A disadvantage of the known device is not only the destruction of the covers of unloading hatches due to a collision with backups, but also an unacceptable violation of safety precautions, which can lead to serious consequences.

Notwithstanding the stated technical solution, the task was set to create a carriage for transporting peat with a controlled size and speed of opening the covers of unloading hatches.

The task is solved by the fact that the proposed carriage for the transport of peat, containing, unloading hatches, the cover of each

of which is connected with a lever of a shaft rotatably mounted on a wagon driven by a pneumatic cylinder. What is new in the proposed car is that a double-acting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on it, both cavities of which are connected by a pipeline having a hydraulic throttle, a hydraulic distributor and a check valve parallel to them, while a slider kinematically connected to the hydraulic distributor is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder rod.

The technical result of the claimed device is to improve the safety of rolling stock and improve working conditions of staff.

Figure 1 schematically shows a carriage for transporting peat, a cross section; figure 2 is a hydraulic diagram of the mechanism of the discharge hatch.

The peat carriage contains unloading hatches (Fig. 1) located opposite each other, the covers 1 and 2 of which are connected to the longitudinal rotary mounted shaft 3 by rods 4 and 5, pivotally connected to the lever 6, rigidly mounted on the shaft 3. For illustrative purposes, the diagram device in figure 1

simplified, it lacks a number of details that are not essential for the claimed technical solution, other (shown in the drawing) details have a different configuration and proportion to the materially embodied object. For example, on a real device, the lever 6 is made two-armed, simultaneously acting on both rods 4 and 5, etc.

The rotation drive of the shaft 3 is made from a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 7, the rod of which is kinematically connected to another lever 8, rigidly fixed to the shaft 3.

The pneumatic drive shaft 3 by means of, for example, a lever 8, is pivotally connected to the rod 9 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 10.

The hydraulic system of the device (Fig. 2) connects the rod 11 and piston 12 cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 10 through the pipelines. The hydraulic throttle 13 and the hydraulic distributor 14 are connected in series to the connecting pipelines, the check valve 15 is mounted in parallel with it. 8, a slider 17 kinematically connected with a hydroshock 14 is mounted movably mounted.

The device operates as follows. When air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder 7, the shaft 3 starts to turn in the direction of arrow “A and, acting through the lever 6 on the rods 4 and 5, opens the covers 1 and 2 of the discharge hatches in the direction of arrow“ B. At the same time, the rod 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 begins to move to the right, displacing the working medium (oil) from the cavity 12 into the cavity 11. The speed of movement of the rod 9, and therefore the opening speed of the covers 1 and 2 of the discharge hatches, is set by the throttle 13 and can be adjusted. The magnitude of the opening of the discharge hatches (angle of rotation of the covers 1 and 2) is set by the corresponding installation (position) of the slider 17 on the rod 9: having kinematic connection with the valve 14, the slider 17 (moving with the rod 9) at the right moment switches the valve 14, stopping the flow of oil from the cavity 12, the rod 9 stops, and with it the rotation of the shaft 3 stops. To close the covers 1 and 2, air is supplied to the opposite cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 7, the shaft 3 starts to rotate in the opposite direction of the arrow “A, w ca. 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 also starts to move in the opposite direction, and the oil in the hydraulic cylinder begins to flow from cavity 11 into the cavity 12 June

through the check valve 15, bypassing the locked directional control valve throttle 13.

Since the cavities 11 and 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 have a different volume, when the oil flows from one cavity into the other, either an excess or a lack of oil is formed in the pipelines of the hydraulic system. The expansion tank 16 connected to the hydraulic system receives the excess and replenishes the lack of oil in the hydraulic system that occurs; it also, due to leaks in various seals of the system, compensates for the change in the volume of the working fluid (oil) due to thermal expansion (compression). 1

Claims (1)

A peat carriage containing unloading hatches, the cover of each of which is connected to a lever of a pneumatic drive shaft mounted on a carriage, characterized in that a double-acting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the carriage, both cavities of which are connected to each other through a servo-controlled valve with a hydraulic throttle and a parallel inverse thereof a valve, and a slider is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder rod, kinematically acting on the valve.