RU30957U1 - Cyclone heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

CYCLONE HEAT EXCHANGER

The invention relates to a cyclone heat exchanger for preheating powder raw materials, which consists of a system of cyclones, shifted relative to each other in height, connected in series, and hot gas pipelines connected so that the inlet of the first cyclone is connected to the source of hot gas and the output of each cyclone is connected to the inlet the next cyclone and the feedstock exit from each cyclone is introduced at the beginning of the hot gas pipeline coming from the previous cyclone.

Until now, the well-known heat exchangers for preheating powder raw materials before further processing, for example, for preheating raw meal using the dry method of production of cement clinker, are created by sequentially connected texus exchange steps that are connected in series with one another, which is especially true for plants with a large difference temperature, and therefore with a large number of heat exchange stages, and also with more powerful equipment, causes great demands on the creation and installation of tim associated equipment, which, among other things, is disadvantageous effect increasing costs per unit of final product (Walter H.Duda "preheater feed mixture Cement-Data-Book, 1976 Bauverlag GmbH - Wiesbaden End Berlin).

The problem of undesirable excessive construction heights can be solved in such a way that the series-connected heat-exchange cyclones are located next to each other and the individual pipelines connecting them should fall substantially below the level of individual cyclones. This, however, represents a significant increase in its own technological equipment, which, in turn, worsens the smooth movement of the material and heating gases during the process, which again affects the increase in investment costs and operating costs (DE 42 22 593 A1).

The disadvantages of the currently implemented structural solutions are substantially eliminated by the subject of the invention, which is a cyclone heat exchanger for preheating powder raw materials, consisting of a system of cyclones connected in series and hot gas pipelines connected in such a way that the inlet of the first cyclone is connected to the hot gas source and the output each cyclone is connected to the inlet of the next cyclone and the output of the separated powder raw materials from each cyclone is introduced into the pipeline d hot gas coming from the output of the previous cyclone.

The essence of the invention is that the cyclone system is divided into two parts, a high-temperature part, which is closer to the source of hot gas, and a low-temperature part, each of which consists of at least two cyclones, interconnected by a connecting pipe, at the end of which is closer to the low-temperature part , a return loop is created in such a way that its lowest part is below the level of the lower cyclone of the low-temperature part, and that the high-temperature part and the low-temperature part are located it is different in such a way that the connection of the warm gas supply of the highest cyclone of the high-temperature part is higher than the connection of the warm gas supply of the lower cyclone of the low-temperature part, the powder feed of the next cyclone of the low-temperature part being introduced into the rising part of the return loop, and the high-temperature part is further equipped with a transport pipeline entering a pipeline connecting the entrance of hot gases to the uppermost cyclone of the high-temperature part with the exit of these gases from the previous uschego cyclone, and in that the transfer line includes an outlet conduit of the lower cyclone of low temperature part. At the same time, the inlet of the transport pipeline is favorably located

below the level of exit of powder raw materials from the lower cyclone of the low-temperature part.

A further aspect of the invention lies in the fact that the high-temperature part and / or the low-temperature part consists of at least two cyclones.

And finally, the essence of the invention lies in the fact that the inlet pipe located between the inlet chamber of the rotary kiln and the first cyclone of the high-temperature part has a fuel supply and combustion air inlet, or that the outlet conduit located between the inlet chamber of the rotary kiln and the first cyclone of high-temperature parts, introduced the supply of hot gases and pre-calcined raw materials.

By arrangement according to the invention, a significant reduction in the construction height of the cyclone heat exchanger is achieved while optimally using the heat contained in the gases supplied to the transport pipeline of the powder raw materials. Due to the significantly lower construction height, the proposed heat exchanger is advantageously used in seismically active areas where, for example, ordinary tall structures cannot be built.

A further advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it can be used for calcination heat exchangers when, for example, fuel and combustion air, or gases with pre-calcined raw materials from a connected calciner, can be supplied to the gas outlet pipe between the rotary kiln and the lower cyclone of the heat exchanger .

Examples of structural designs according to the invention are shown schematically in the attached drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a structural embodiment of a cyclone heat exchanger, Fig. 2 is a simpler version

the low-temperature part of the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the beginning of the high-temperature part of the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the transfer of powder raw materials between two parts of the cyclone heat exchanger.

The cyclone heat exchanger in an exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 is divided into two parts: a high temperature part 1 and a low temperature part 2.

The high-temperature part 1 consists of three cyclones, the first cyclone 11 with an inlet of 110 hot gases, an outlet of 111 hot gases and an outlet of 112 raw materials, a second cyclone 12 with an inlet of 120 hot gases, an outlet of 121 hot gases and an outlet of 122 raw materials, and a third cyclone 13 with an inlet 130 hot gases, output 131 hot gases and output 132 raw materials. The cyclones 11, 12 and 13 are connected in series with each other in the direction of the flow of hot gases so that the outlet 111 of the first cyclone 11 is connected by a pipe 42 to the input 120 of the second cyclone 12, the output 121 of which is connected by a pipe 43 to the input 130 of the third cyclone 13. The input 110 of the first the cyclone 11 is connected by its output pipe 41 to the input chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3. The output 132 of the third cyclone 13 through the output pipe 133 enters the lower part of the pipeline 42 and similarly the output 122 of the second cyclone 12 enters the lower part of the output pipe 41. The output d 112 raw materials from the first cyclone 11 is conducted through the outlet pipe 113 into the inlet chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3 for further heat treatment.

Similarly, the low-temperature part 2 consists of a lower cyclone 21 with a hot gas inlet 210, a hot gas outlet 211 and a raw material outlet 212, a middle cyclone 22 with a hot gas inlet 220, a hot gas outlet 221 and a raw material outlet 222, and an upper cyclone 23 s supply of 230 hot gases, output 231 hot gases and output 232 of raw materials. Just as in the high-temperature part 1, also here the cyclones 21, 22 and 23 are mutually connected

sequentially in the direction of the flow of hot gases R so that the outlet 211 of the lower cyclone 21 is connected by a pipe 44 to the inlet 220 of the middle cyclone

22, the outlet 221 of which is connected by a pipe 45 to the inlet 230 of the upper cyclone

23. The output 231 of the latter ends the cyclone heat exchange region according to the invention and through pipe 46 it is connected to a further technological part. The output 232 of the upper cyclone 23 enters through the output pipe 233 into the lower part of the pipe 44.

The high-temperature part 1 and the low-temperature part 2 are connected to each other through a hot gas connecting pipe 4, which connects the outlet 131 of the highest third cyclone 13 of the high-temperature part 1 with the inlet 210 of the lower cyclone 21 of the low-temperature part 2, namely in such a way that before the inlet 210 of the lower cyclone 21 on the connecting pipe 4 created a return loop 40, which lies below the level of the lower cyclone 21. The output 222 of raw materials from the middle cyclone 22 then through the output pipe 223 enters the rising shoulder of the lower Asti return loop 40 which is on the side of the lower cyclone 21.

The supply of 5 raw powder materials, which must be heated before being fed into the input chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3, enters the lower part of the pipeline 45 between the outlet 221 of the middle cyclone 22 of the low-temperature part 2 and the inlet 230 to the upper cyclone 23 and after the passage of the low-temperature part 2, the raw material is transported the pipeline 50, which enters the lower part of the pipeline 43 between the second cyclone 12 and the uppermost - the third cyclone 13, in the high-temperature part, namely the third - the uppermost cyclone 13. Transport is carried out m of warm gas, which in the lower part 500 of the transport pipeline 50 is supplied in the direction of arrow T. B

the flow of warm gas through the outlet pipe 213 enters the outlet 212 of the lower cyclone 21 of the low temperature part.

As shown in FIG. 1, the high temperature part 1 is shifted in height relative to the low temperature part 2 so that the inlet 130 of the uppermost, i.e. the third, cyclone 13 according to the invention is higher than the connection 210 of the lower cyclone 21.

In FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a cyclone heat exchanger according to the invention. In this case, the low-temperature part 2, in contrast to the design according to FIG. 1, consists of only two cyclones: middle 22 and lower 21. The feed 5 of raw materials in this case is located in the lower part of the pipeline 44, while the pipeline 45 is designed to exhaust hot gases from a cyclone heat exchanger. The hot gas supply 210 of the lower cyclone 21, as in the previous case, is equally connected by a connecting pipe 4 to a high-temperature part, which is not indicated here, similarly, the output 212 of raw materials from the lower cyclone 21 through the output pipe 213 is led into the transport pipe 50. The condition of the lower the location of the lower cyclone 21 relative to the location of the third cyclone 13 according to the invention is maintained.

As shown in FIG. 3, the design of the cyclone heat exchanger according to the invention can be advantageously supplemented in such a way that an additional supply of fuel 6 and a supply of combustion air 60 enter the outlet pipe 41 connecting the inlet chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3 with the hot gas supply 110 to the first cyclone 11, or input 51 gases and pre-calcined raw materials, or both.

high temperature part 1 of the heat exchanger. In this case, the transport pipe 50 is located essentially at the level of its entry into the connecting pipe 43 of the high-temperature part 1 of the heat exchanger in the same way as in the design example according to FIG. 1. The design of the cyclone heat exchanger is supplemented by the transport equipment 7 of one of the commonly used structures, to the beginning of which is the output pipe 213 of the output 212 of the lower cyclone 21. The output of the transport equipment 7 is equipped with a conveyor 70, for example, a ladle conveyor, which is then connected to the transport pipeline 50. Others the elements depicted in FIG. 4 correspond to the same elements in FIG. 1 and are not described in more detail. The conveyor 70 can be replaced by other equipment of the same function.

The cyclone heat exchanger according to the invention operates as follows.

Powdered raw materials preheated in a heat exchanger, in this case, raw flour for the dry method of production of cement clinker, is fed through the outlet pipe 113 to the inlet chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3. From the inlet chamber 30, on the contrary, the hot gas generated during the previous heat process is discharged by the outlet duct 41 , and carries with it a significant amount of thermal energy. This hot gas flows gradually in the direction of the arrows R through the discharge pipe 41 and pipes 42 and 43, the first cyclone 11, the second cyclone 12 and the third cyclone 13 of the high-temperature part 1 of the heat exchanger and then through the connecting pipe 4 enters the lower cyclone 21 of the low-temperature part 2 of the heat exchanger, and then goes in the direction of the arrows R using the pipelines 44 and 45 through its remaining cyclones, the middle cyclone 22 and the upper cyclone 23, from which it is discharged by the output pipe 46.

Powdered raw materials are brought in the direction of arrows V by supply 5 to the lower part of the pipeline 45, where it is mixed with the incoming hot gas, which comes from the outlet 221 of the middle cyclone 22 and then goes to the input 230 of the next, in this case, upper cyclone 23. During the flow of the mixture, the powder -gas part of the thermal energy is transferred from the gas to the powder raw materials, the powder raw materials in the upper cyclone 23 are separated from the gas, the gas flows in the direction of the arrow R to the outlet pipe 46, while the heated powder raw materials are discharged through the outlet t the piping 233 in the direction of the arrow S from the outlet 232 of the upper cyclone 23. The outlet 233 enters the lower part of the pipeline 44, in the previous stage, the separated and heated powder raw materials are again mixed with the hot gas coming from the lower cyclone 21, whose temperature is higher than in the pipeline 45. During the flow of the powder-gas mixture, the powder raw material is heated to a temperature that is higher than the previous one, while the gas temperature decreases. The indicated process is repeated in each of the cyclones of the low-temperature and high-temperature parts of the heat exchanger, and with each cyclone passing, the temperature of the powder raw material rises, which continues to move to the inlet chamber 30 of the rotary kiln 3 in the direction of the arrows S. On the contrary, the hot gas moves in the direction of the arrows R to the outlet pipe 46 and its temperature gradually decreases.

The materials are transferred between the low-temperature part 2 and the high-temperature part 1 in such a way that hot gas enters from the outlet 131 of the third cyclone 13 to the inlet 210 of the lower cyclone 21 separately through the connecting pipe 4 and the powder raw material is fed into the hot gas stream through the outlet pipe 223 to the rising part loop 40, where it is mixed with gas and then to

further heating. Partially pre-heated powder raw materials leaving the low-temperature part 2 of the heat exchanger are led through the outlet pipe 213 to the transport pipe 50 and through it to the corresponding stage of the high-temperature part 1 of the heat exchanger after mixing with the external gas stream, which is fed to the beginning 500 of the transport pipe 50 in the direction of arrow T and whose temperature corresponds to the operating temperature between both steps.

When implementing the design according to FIG. 3, the power or efficiency of the system is increased by introducing additional fuel and combustion air through the inlets 6 and 60. It is thus possible to change the temperature conditions of the hot gases and powder raw materials passing through the cyclone heat exchanger and adjust their temperature to the optimum operating value. In a similar way, the final composition and properties of the powder raw material, which after passing through the first cyclone 11 enters the inlet chamber 30, can be changed by feeding gases and pre-calcined powder raw materials through the inlet 51 to the lower part of the outlet pipe 41.

With a design variant, as shown in FIG. 4, the raw powder is fed through an outlet pipe 213 to the transport equipment 7, from which it passes to the level of the transport pipeline 50.

It is clear that the design of the heat exchanger is not limited to the examples given. The number of cyclones in the high temperature part 1 and the low temperature part 2 need not be the same. The prerequisite of its function, however, is that in each of these parts there are at least two cyclones. Also, the value of the mutual shift of the connection of the output 131 of the highest and, taking into account the direction R of the flow of hot gas, the last cyclone of the high-temperature part 1 and the connection of the lowest, given

the direction R of the flow of hot gas, the first cyclone of the low temperature part 2, may be different, while maintaining a lower connection level of the low temperature part 2, and is selected depending on the specific temperature and construction conditions.

From the essence of the invention it is also clear that the initial part 500 of the transport pipe 50 does not have to be located below the level of the lowest part of the return loop 40 of the connecting pipe 4, as shown in the examples in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. This part of the transport pipe may be suitably located higher if, however, its location satisfies the condition that it lies below the exit level 212 of the lower cyclone 21 of the low temperature portion 2.

The design of the cyclone heat exchanger according to the invention can be used especially for preheating raw meal in the dry method of production of cement clinker.

1. A cyclone heat exchanger for preheating powder raw materials, consisting of a system of cyclones that are connected in series and connected by a hot gas pipeline so that the inlet of the first cyclone is connected to a source of hot gas and the output of each cyclone is connected to the input of the next cyclone, and the output of the separated powder raw material from each cyclone is introduced into the pipeline associated with the exit of hot gas from the previous cyclone, characterized in that the cyclone system is divided into two parts, high rate the temperature part (1), which is closer to the source of hot gas, and the low-temperature part (2), each of them consists of at least two cyclones, the parts are interconnected by a connecting pipe (4), at the end of which is closer to the low-temperature part (2 ), a return loop (40) is created in such a way that its lowest part is below the level of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and that the high-temperature part (1) and the low-temperature part (2) are located relative to each other in such a way that the supply connection (130) is warm gas of the upper cyclone (13) of the high-temperature part (1) is higher than the connection of the supply (210) of warm gas of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and the output (222) of the powder raw materials of the next cyclone (22) of the low-temperature part ( 2) introduced into the rising part of the return loop (40), and the high-temperature part (1) is further equipped with a transport pipe (5), which includes the outlet pipe (213) of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and which, in its first of all, it enters the pipeline (43) connecting the supply (130) hot gases of the uppermost cyclone (13) of the high-temperature part (1) and their exit (121) from the previous cyclone (12).

CLAIM

2. A cyclone heat exchanger pop. 1, characterized in that the inlet part (500) of the transport pipeline (50) is located below the output level (212) of the powder raw materials from the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2).

3. A cyclone heat exchanger according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-temperature part (1) and / or the low-temperature part (2) consists of at least two cyclones.

4. A cyclone heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs 1-3, characterized in that in the outlet pipe (41) located between the inlet chamber (30) of the rotary kiln (3) and the first cyclone (11) of the high-temperature part (1) , enters the supply (6) of fuel and the supply (60) of combustion air.

5. A cyclone heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs 1-4, characterized in that the inlet enters the outlet pipe (41) located between the inlet chamber (30) of the rotary kiln (3) and the first cyclone (11) of the high-temperature part (1) 51) hot gases and pre-calcined raw materials.

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Claims (5)

1. A cyclone heat exchanger for preheating powder raw materials, consisting of a system of cyclones that are connected in series and connected by a hot gas pipeline so that the inlet of the first cyclone is connected to a source of hot gas and the output of each cyclone is connected to the input of the next cyclone, and the output of the separated powder raw material from each cyclone is introduced into the pipeline associated with the exit of hot gas from the previous cyclone, characterized in that the cyclone system is divided into two parts, high rate the temperature part (1), which is closer to the source of hot gas, and the low-temperature part (2), each of them consists of at least two cyclones, the parts are interconnected by a connecting pipe (4), at the end of which is closer to the low-temperature part (2 ), a return loop (40) is created in such a way that its lowest part is below the level of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and that the high-temperature part (1) and the low-temperature part (2) are located relative to each other in such a way that the supply connection (130) is warm gas of the topmost cyclone (13) of the high-temperature part (1) lies higher than the connection of the supply (210) of warm gas of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and the output (222) of the powder raw materials of the next cyclone (22) of the low-temperature part ( 2) introduced into the rising part of the return loop (40), and the high-temperature part (1) is further equipped with a transport pipe (5), which includes the outlet pipe (213) of the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2), and which, in its the turn enters the pipeline (43) connecting the supply (130) hot gases of the uppermost cyclone (13) of the high-temperature part (1) and their exit (121) from the previous cyclone (12). 2. A cyclone heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet part (500) of the transport pipeline (50) is located below the output level (212) of the powder raw material from the lower cyclone (21) of the low-temperature part (2). 3. A cyclone heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-temperature part (1) and / or the low-temperature part (2) consists of at least two cyclones. 4. A cyclone heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet enters the outlet pipe (41) located between the inlet chamber (30) of the rotary kiln (3) and the first cyclone (11) of the high-temperature part (1) (6) fuel and supply (60) of combustion air. 5. A cyclone heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the supply enters the outlet pipe (41) located between the inlet chamber (30) of the rotary kiln (3) and the first cyclone (11) of the high-temperature part (1) (51) hot gases and pre-calcined raw materials.