RU2850356C1 - Unmanned boat - carrier of unmanned aircraft of aircraft type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of unmanned boats (UB). The design of the UB consists of a launch system containing four sealed compartments for four aircraft-type UAVs, which is suspended in the superstructure of the boat on rubber-metal shock absorbers that protect the UAVs from the harmful effects of seawater and water spray, as well as from running vibrations and shock loads on waves; Due to its complete comprehensive coverage with a lightweight and durable radio-absorbing material net, the radar visibility of the boat is reduced both when moving and when stationary. At the same time, the bow section of the radio-absorbing net can be rolled up on command from the BEK control station for unhindered launch of the UAV. The BEK has been created as a carrier for several aircraft-type UAVs. The BEK UAV carrier has minimal radar visibility.

EFFECT: radar visibility of the boat is reduced both when moving and when stationary.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, specifically the development of unmanned boats (UBC). Currently, the UBC class of naval weapon carriers is successfully developing (New unmanned boat now with missiles - URL: https://www.korabel.ru/news/comments/novyy bezekipazhnyy kater - teper s-raketami.html (date accessed: 25.03. 2025. - Electronic text).

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) "Geran-2" of the aircraft type is known (New "Geraniums" - twice as fast and higher: review of the modification of the Russian UAV - URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2023/09/29/novye-gerani-v-dva-raza-bystree-i-vy-she-obzor-modifikacii-rossiyskogo-bpla (date of access: 03/25/2025) - Electronic text). The appearance of the mobile launcher for the Geran-2 UAV on a vehicle chassis has been published (Russian kamikaze drones "Geran-2" hit the headquarters of the operational command "South" of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Odessa - URL: https://en.topwar.ru/202345-rossijskie-drony-kamikadze-geran-2-pora-zili-shtab-operativnogo-komandovanija-jug-vsu-v-odesse.html (date of access: 25. 03. 2025) - Text: electronic). The mobile launcher for the Geran-2 UAV is not hermetically sealed, therefore, it cannot be used in maritime conditions.

An unmanned single-hull surface ship is known (RU Patent No. 209653, cl. B63B 1/04, B63B 35/00), published 2022. Bulletin No. 8). The unmanned single-hull surface ship is designed as a hull with a propulsion system, a remote control system, observation, data collection and storage, while the hull, which has a large flare, a bow shape with a bulbous fairing and radial bottom contours, contains a wheelhouse installed in the center on the midship frame, compartments located on the port and starboard sides, between which along the hull along its centerline there is an additional compartment with a depth of up to the main deck and a length from the wheelhouse to the stern. In a particular case, the additional compartment can be closed with retractable roller shutters made of low-magnetic steel along its entire length from the stern to the wheelhouse. Thus, the unmanned single-hull surface ship being used ensures its multifunctionality, depending on its installed equipment and assigned missions. This increases its service life over the course of a calendar year and reduces its operating costs compared to ships performing similar functions. Furthermore, improved hull design reduces the ship's overall dimensions and improves its maneuverability. Depending on its intended mission, the ship can be used either alone or as part of a group of similar ships.

However, the known technical solution has disadvantages, namely:

- an unmanned single-hull surface ship is not suitable for carrying a launch device for several UAVs;

- an unmanned single-hull surface ship with high radar visibility.

An unmanned boat carrying an interchangeable payload (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2 760797, class B63G 1/00, B63B 25/00, G05D1 /02, 2021. Bulletin No. 34), adopted as a prototype. The unmanned boat contains removable stern and bow modules of the interchangeable payload. On the longitudinal axis of the unmanned boat, there are bow and stern universal structural attachment units for the interchangeable payload modules, each of which contains a universal mounting flange. In the bow of the hull superstructure, in its centerline, there is an opening for installing removable modules of the interchangeable payload. The universal mounting flange is rigidly connected to a pedestal fixed to frames in the bow of the unmanned boat hull, under an opening in the hull superstructure in such a way that the universal mounting flange is located below the surface of the superstructure. The universal mounting flange of the aft universal structural attachment unit for interchangeable payload modules is secured to a rigid frame mounted on deck-mounted rails. This expands functionality and improves operational efficiency.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- The BEK is not suitable for carrying a launch device for several UAVs;

- The BEK has high radar visibility.

The following tasks form the basis of the declared technical solution:

1. Creation of a BEK - a carrier of several aircraft-type UAVs;

2. The UAV carrier must have minimal radar visibility.

The stated tasks are solved by the following:

- a design for a UAV has been developed, including a launcher containing four sealed compartments for four aircraft-type UAVs, which is suspended in the superstructure of the boat on rubber-metal shock absorbers that protect the UAV from the harmful effects of sea water and water dust, as well as from running vibration and shock loads in rough seas;

- the design of the UAV contains technical solutions, namely, due to its complete, all-round cover in a light and durable net of radio-absorbing material, which reduces the radar visibility of the boat, both while moving and without moving. At the same time, the bow of the radio-absorbing net can be folded upon command from the UAV control post for the unimpeded launch of the UAV.

The distinctive features of the proposed solution perform the following functional tasks to achieve the required technical result:

- the design of the BEK includes a launcher containing four sealed compartments for 4 aircraft-type UAVs, which is suspended in the superstructure of the boat on rubber-metal shock absorbers;

- the design of the BEK contains technical solutions, unlike the prototype, that reduce the boat's radar signature, both while moving and without, due to its complete, all-round cover in a light and durable net of radar-absorbing material.

Based on the above, it can be concluded that the set of essential features of the claimed technical solution has a causal relationship with the achievable technical result, i.e., thanks to this set of essential features of the claimed invention, the solution to the stated problem has become possible. Consequently, the claimed technical solution is novel, involves an inventive step, and is industrially applicable.

The essence of the invention is explained by drawings, where:

- Fig. 1 shows a launcher for 4 aircraft-type UAVs;

- Fig. 2 shows the BEC, view from the nose;

- Fig. 3 shows the BEC, view from the stern;

- Fig. 4 shows the BEK, view from the nose, launch of the UAV;

- Fig. 5 shows the BEK, side view, UAV launch.

In the drawings Figs. 1-4 the following designations are used:

1 - UAV launcher;

2-UAV;

3 - back wall;

4 - launcher compartments;

5 - shock absorbers;

6 - lid opening drives;

7 - front covers (closed);

8 - front cover (open);

9 - electric drive coil;

10 - right side panel of the radio-absorbing network;

11 - nose, retractable panel of radio-absorbing net;

12 - nose panel guides;

13 - roof;

14-superstructure;

15 - left side panel of the radio-absorbing network;

16 - BEK building;

17 - guides of the aft panel of the radio-absorbing network;

18 - aft panel of the radio-absorbing net;

19 - UAV at the moment of launch.

The device (Fig. 1 - 5) contains a UAV hull 16, on the deck of which a superstructure 14 is rigidly installed in the form of an arch with a roof 13, in the opening of which a waterproof launcher 1 with four UAVs 2 of the aircraft type is suspended on shock absorbers 5, wherein each of the four sealed compartments 4 of the launcher 1 is equipped with front covers 7 and 8 with drives 6, hermetically sealing the internal volume of each of the compartments 4, where the UAVs are located, the rear side of the launcher, facing the stern, is made in the form of a solid wall 3. Rigid guides 12 and 17 are attached to the UAV hull and to its superstructure, in the space between which stationary panels 10, 15 and 18 made of radio-absorbing material in the form of a light and durable net are stretched (The art of radar deception: invisibility cloaks for military equipment -URL:https://top-war.ru/171492-iskusstvo-radiolokacionnogo-obmana-plaschi-nevi-dimki-dlja-voennoj-tehniki.html (date accessed: 25.03.2025 - Electronic text), which makes the UAV invisible, reducing its visibility to radar detection equipment by 4 times. This net contains ferromagnetic microwires, freely passes wind and does not have a sail effect. In total, the UAV contains three stationary panels made of radar-absorbing material: two side panels 10 and 15, and one stern panel 18. In order not to interfere with the free launch of the UAV, the nose panel 11 is removable, wound onto a reel 9 with an internal electric drive (not shown), while the net slides along the nose guides 12 and is freely wound onto the reel 9.

The operation of the BEC is carried out as follows.

1. The boat moves at sea at full speed according to a preset program, while its visibility to radar detection systems is reduced by a factor of 4 due to the use of stationary sheets of lightweight, durable radar-absorbing mesh. UAVs 2, housed in a sealed launcher 1, are not exposed to the harmful effects of seawater, vibration, or impact loads due to the sealed nature of all four compartments 4 and shock absorbers 5.

2. Upon arriving at a designated point in the water, the UAV slows to idle. The UAV control system commands the electric drive of reel 9, which begins to rotate and reel in the retractable bow panel 11 of the radar-absorbing net. When fully retracted, panel 11 does not impede the unmanned aerial vehicle's free launch.

3. The BEK control system gives a command to the drives 6 for opening the covers 7 and 8, then a command is given to launch the UAV 19, which leaves the launcher and begins to carry out the flight mission.

Claims (1)

An unmanned boat is a carrier of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of the aircraft type, consisting of a rigid hull with a superstructure, a diesel-electric complex, a system for ensuring the functioning of the unmanned boat (UBF), including a navigation system with a GLONASS/GPS antenna; the UF contains removable modules of an interchangeable payload, while on the longitudinal axis of the UF there are bow and stern universal structural units for fastening the modules of the interchangeable payload, each of which contains a universal landing flange, and in the bow of the hull superstructure there is an opening for installing removable payload modules, characterized in that the UF contains a superstructure in the form of a rigid arch, inside which a sealed launch device for four aircraft-type UAVs is suspended on shock absorbers, each of the four sections of which is provided with a sealed cover that is closed and opened by means of drives; The UAV is surrounded on all sides by a light and durable net made of radar-absorbing material, which reduces the boat's radar signature both while underway and at rest. The bow panel of the radar-absorbing net can be wound onto a reel located in the bow of the boat to allow unimpeded launch of the UAV. The panels of the radar-absorbing net are stretched on rigid guides, allowing the net to cover the entire perimeter of the boat.