RU2836613C1 - Prefabricated filter element for cleaning hot gas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: performing operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of industrial ecology, in particular to the field of hot gas cleaning from suspended particles. Disclosed filter element for removal of particles from gas contains filtering wall and fixing sleeve. Filtering wall is made using inorganic fibre and ceramic binder and has the shape of a hollow tube closed at one end. Meanwhile the filtering wall is formed by successively located first and second component parts connected to each other by their end surfaces. Fixing sleeve comes into contact with technological sections of external surfaces of the first and the second component parts and is attached to the first and the second component parts by means of the inserted spacer elements. Each of the inserted spacing elements passes through the fixing sleeve and is recessed into the body of the corresponding component part.

EFFECT: higher strength of prefabricated filter element.

8 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Field of technology

[1] The invention relates to the field of industrial ecology, in particular, to the field of cleaning hot gas from suspended particles. The invention can be used at enterprises whose technological processes are accompanied by the release of a significant volume of high-temperature dusty gas, for example, in metallurgy.

Prerequisites for the creation of an invention

[2] At present, the most progressive method of cleaning dusty gas having a temperature of 500-1000°C and higher is implemented using a two-chamber gas cleaning device 1 (Fig. 1), which includes the so-called dusty and clean chambers 2 and 3, as well as a plurality of filter elements 10. Each filter element 10 (Figs. 2 and 3) contains a filter wall 11 and a mounting flange 12, rigidly connected to the filter wall 11 or made integral with it. The filter wall 11 has the form of a pipe, the cavity 13 of which is closed at one end, and is made of a heat-resistant porous material containing a relatively large amount of heat-resistant inorganic fiber and a small amount of a binder that fastens individual fibers together to form pores between them.

[3] The dusty and clean chambers 2 and 3 of the two-chamber gas cleaning device 1 are separated by a mounting plate 4 having a plurality of mounting holes 80. The filter wall 11 of each filter element 10 is inserted into the mounting hole 80 intended for it so that it is located in the dusty chamber 2, and the mounting flange 12 of this filter element 10 rests on the mounting plate 4, remaining in the clean chamber 3 and ensuring the tightness of the connection of the filter element 10 with the mounting plate 4. Through the inlet pipe 5, the dusty gas is fed under pressure into the dusty chamber 2, whereby the dust particles are retained on the outer surface 111 of the filter wall 11 and the overwhelming majority of them fall into the bin 7, from where they are removed through the port 8.

[4] The purified gas, having passed through the pores of the filter wall 11, is discharged through its inner surface 112 into the said cavity 13, and then into the clean chamber 3 and the outlet pipe 6. The described design of the filter element 10 is traditional, and the filter element 10 itself is hereinafter also referred to as the “traditional filter element”. From the cavity 13, the purified gas moves into the clean chamber 3, from where it is discharged through the outlet pipe 6, and the dust particles in the overwhelming majority fall into the bin 7 and are removed through the port 8.

[5] In order to filter large volumes of dusty gas, the filter wall 11 must have a significant area of the outer surface 111, and therefore the filter wall 11 is made very long, which can be, for example, 6 or even 9 meters. However, the filter element 10, made of the heat-resistant porous material described above, is a fairly fragile product, and if its filter wall 11 is made of such a large size, transportation of the filter element 10, loading and unloading operations, as well as installation in the two-chamber gas cleaning device 1 would become extremely difficult.

[6] Patent publication US2021362083A1, November 25, 2021, discloses a prefabricated filter element (hereinafter referred to as the known filter element), the filter wall of which is sequentially assembled from several component parts during the installation of the filter element on a mounting plate. Each subsequent component part is glued to the previous component part when the previous component part is partially inserted into the mounting hole from a clean chamber and temporarily fixed to the mounting plate using a crimping stop device. An adhesive layer is applied to the end surfaces of the previous and subsequent component parts, and since the end surfaces have a small area, and the force perceived by the adhesive layer and equal to the weight of the previous component part is directed strictly perpendicular to the end surfaces, such an adhesive connection is obviously not strong.

[7] To increase the area of the adhesive bond, a fixing sleeve is placed inside the previous and subsequent components, which contacts both components through the adhesive layer on the sections of their internal surfaces. However, in the known filter element, the adhesive bond of the component parts of the filter wall with the fixing sleeve is implemented along their vertical internal surfaces, which is not capable of providing the required strength to this adhesive bond. When exposed to high temperatures and vibration, as well as experiencing shear deformation, the adhesive layer may lose its load-bearing capacity after a short time, which will lead to the destruction of the known filter element.

[8] The technical problem posed to the invention is to increase the strength of the prefabricated filter element.

The essence of the invention

[9] In order to solve the technical problem posed to the invention, a filter element for removing particles from a gas (hereinafter referred to as the proposed prefabricated filter element) is proposed as an invention, comprising a filter wall and a fixing sleeve. The filter wall is made using inorganic fiber and a ceramic binder and has the form of a hollow pipe closed at one end. Meanwhile, the filter wall is formed by successively arranged first and second components connected to each other by their end surfaces. The fixing sleeve comes into contact with the process sections of the outer surfaces of the first and second components and is attached to the first and second components using insertable expansion elements. Each of the insertable expansion elements passes through the fixing sleeve and is recessed into the body of the corresponding component.

[10] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the strength of the bond between the first and second component parts of the filter wall, which increases the strength of the filter element and, thus, solves the technical problem posed by the invention.

[11] Along with the above-mentioned technical result, which represents the first technical result, the invention makes it possible to obtain a second technical result, consisting in a significant acceleration of the assembly process of the proposed prefabricated filter element.

[12] The cause-and-effect relationship between the features of the proposed prefabricated filter element and the first technical result is as follows. The embedded expansion elements pass through the fixing sleeve and are embedded in the body of the component. Due to this, the vertical load created by the fixing sleeve on any component is redistributed from the vertical internal surface of the component, as was the case in the known filter element, to the substantially horizontal surfaces in the body of the component, or more precisely, to the surfaces of the openings in the body of the component intended to accommodate the embedded expansion elements. It is obvious that fastening the fixing sleeve to the substantially horizontal surfaces of the component with the help of the embedded expansion elements creates a mechanical engagement between the component and the fixing sleeve, and in view of this circumstance, the strength of such fastening is significantly higher than the strength of fastening the fixing sleeve to the vertical surfaces of the component.

[13] In addition, the inserted expansion element, when inserted into the body of the component, is capable of expanding the material of the component. Since the material of the component is characterized by high porosity, it has a certain pliability, allowing, due to expansion, to ensure a high strength of the connection between the inserted expansion element and the component, and therefore a high strength of the connection between the component and the fixing sleeve. It should be noted that the expansion of the material of the component, carried out by the inserted expansion element of essentially any design, occurs unevenly in the direction of the horizontal axis, which prevents the inserted expansion element from exiting the body of the component not only due to the increased friction force during expansion, but also due to mechanical engagement.

[14] The cause-and-effect relationship between the features of the proposed prefabricated filter element and the second technical result is that the fastening of the first and second components to each other is carried out using the inserted expansion elements and does not require a long wait for the adhesive layer to dry, as is necessary when assembling the known filter element. Based on the fact that (a) the drying of the adhesive layer between the two components usually occurs in several hours, (b) each filter element consists of, for example, 4 components, (c) the number of filter elements to be fastened to the mounting plate is several dozen, the time savings during the installation of all filter elements of the two-chamber gas cleaning device is significant.

[15] In the first particular case of the invention, a sealing compound is located between the end surfaces of the first and second component parts of the filter wall. This design makes it possible to eliminate the possibility of dusty gas entering the cavity of the filter wall through the gap between the end surfaces of the first and second component parts.

[16] In the second particular case of the invention, the process sections of the external surfaces of each of the first and second component parts of the filter wall are made with a smaller diameter compared to the gas-permeable sections of the said external surfaces, forming recessed surfaces. This design allows for the formation of an additional turn for the undesirable flow of dusty gas in the direction of the cavity of the filter wall, and thus, to create additional hydraulic resistance for this flow. In addition, in the form of a recessed surface, each component receives an additional horizontal surface with which the fixing sleeve contacts end-to-end, and which for this reason is convenient for placing the sealing composition. The said effects increase the reliability of the sealing of the cavity of the filter wall from the side of the dust chamber.

[17] In the development of the second particular case, a sealing compound is located between the fixing sleeve and the recessed surfaces of the first and second component parts of the filter wall.

[18] In the third particular case of the invention, the fixing sleeve is made of stainless steel. In the development of this particular case, the embedded expansion elements are made of stainless or galvanized steel. The production of the fixing sleeve and the embedded expansion elements from stainless steel completely eliminates the possibility of corrosion of these structural components, including that caused by their contact. The option of using a combination of a fixing sleeve made of stainless steel and embedded expansion elements made of galvanized steel is also acceptable. Since each of the specified materials in itself has high corrosion resistance, and the development of corrosion caused by contact of the specified materials in a gas environment is characterized by minimal intensity, this combination of materials for the production of the fixing sleeve and the embedded expansion elements is not capable of exerting any influence on the functioning of the proposed prefabricated filter element throughout its entire service life.

[19] In the fourth particular case of the invention, the inserted expansion elements are made in the form of expansion moving dowels with a screw drive. This design allows for the expansion force to be distributed over a large area and for the inserted expansion elements to be fixed with minimal pressure on the filter wall material, which ultimately allows for avoiding the occurrence of stress concentration areas and extending the service life of the proposed prefabricated filter element.

[20] In the fifth particular case of the invention, the inserted expansion elements are made in the form of screws. The screws are easily screwed into the porous material of the filter wall, and in comparison with the fourth particular case, this design simplifies the technological process of fastening the fixing sleeve to the first and second components by eliminating the operation of drilling holes.

Brief description of the drawings

[21] The present disclosure is illustrated by reference to figures illustrating the state of the art and a preferred embodiment of the invention:

Fig. 1 - a two-chamber gas cleaning device with traditional filter elements installed in it;

Fig. 2 - traditional filter element, appearance;

Fig. 3 - traditional filter element, sectional view;

Fig. 4 - a two-chamber gas cleaning device with the proposed prefabricated filter elements installed in it;

Fig. 5 - a section of the filter wall of the proposed prefabricated filter element, illustrating the connection of the first and second component parts of the filter wall (section A from Fig. 4 in an enlarged view);

Fig. 6 - an insertable expansion element used in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 - a two-chamber gas cleaning device with the proposed prefabricated filter elements at different stages of installation.

Implementation of the invention

[22] The implementation of the invention will be shown using the best examples known to the authors of the invention, which do not constitute limitations with respect to the scope of protected rights.

[23] Note that in the context of this presentation, the concepts of “elements are attached to each other,” “elements are connected to each other,” “elements are fastened to each other,” and similar concepts mean such a mutual connection between any two elements, in which these elements are immobile relative to each other, or in other words, represent a single whole, even if there are any intermediate elements located between these elements. Furthermore, the concept of “elements are made as one” means the production of these elements as a single part in the course of a single technological process from the same material so that the boundary between these elements in the object (single part) that unites them is conditional, and the separation of these elements is impossible without the destruction of the object that unites them.

[24] Fig. 4 shows a two-chamber gas cleaning device 1, which, with the exception of certain design features of the filter elements, is completely identical to the two-chamber gas cleaning device 1 shown in Fig. 1. The dust-laden gas enters the dust chamber 2 through the inlet pipe 5, which is separated from the clean chamber 3 by the mounting plate 4, and the pressure of the dust-laden gas in the dust chamber 2 is maintained at a significantly higher level compared to the pressure of the purified gas in the clean chamber 3. Filter elements 20, 30, 40, 50 are inserted into the mounting holes 80 of the mounting plate 4 from the side of the clean chamber 3, and since they are identical to each other, the detailed description given below for filter element 50 is also true for filter elements 20, 30 and 40.

[25] The filter element 50, which is the proposed prefabricated filter element, comprises a filter wall 51 and a mounting flange 52 connected to the filter wall 51 or made integral with it, as shown in Fig. 2 and 3. The filter wall 51 has the form of a cylindrical pipe, the cavity 53 (Fig. 6) of which is closed at one end, while the outer diameter of the filter wall 51 is less than the diameter of the mounting hole 80, which allows the filter wall 51 to be inserted into the dust chamber 2 from the clean chamber 3. The mounting flange 52 has a ring-shaped shape with a diameter exceeding the diameter of the mounting hole 80, which allows the mounting flange 52 to rest on the mounting plate 4, remaining in the clean chamber 3 and ensuring a tight connection of the filter element 50 with the mounting plate 4. This configuration of the filter element 10 is usually referred to as a “candle”.

[26] The filter wall 51 is made of a heat-resistant porous material containing a relatively large amount of heat-resistant inorganic fiber and a small amount of a ceramic binder which, as a result of sintering, bonds the individual fibers together to form pores between them. Thus, the filter wall 51 is gas-permeable, while the dust particles contained in the dusty gas are retained on the gas-permeable outer surface 511 (hereinafter referred to as the working surface 511) or in the body of the filter wall 51 near the working surface 511 (Fig. 6), while the purified gas passes through the body of the filter wall 51 and exits into the cavity 53 through the inner surface 512. From the cavity 53, the purified gas moves into the clean chamber 3, from where it is discharged through the outlet pipe 6, and the dust particles in the overwhelming majority fall into the bin 7 and are removed through the port 8 (Fig. 4).

[27] As dust particles accumulate on the working surface 511 or in the body of the filter wall 51 near the working surface 511, the gas permeability of the filter wall 51 deteriorates. To restore the required gas permeability of the filter wall 51, the pressure gradient between the dust chamber 2 and the clean chamber 3, and therefore between the working and inner surfaces 511 and 512, is periodically changed to the opposite and, with pulsating pressure, reverse blowing is performed, cleaning the pores of the filter wall 51.

[28] As can be seen in Fig. 4, the filter wall 51 is formed by successively arranged lower, middle and upper component parts 54, 55 and 56, respectively, connected to each other in the specified order by means of fixing sleeves 57. The upper component part 56 is provided with a mounting flange 52, with which it is made integral. However, such a configuration is not a limitation. The mounting flange 52 can be made, for example, of metal with subsequent embedding in the upper component part 56.

[29] It should be noted that in the context of the features of the invention, any two adjacent component parts of the filter wall 51, for example the lower and middle component parts 54 and 55, or the middle and upper component parts 55 and 56, may represent the first and second component parts. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" used in relation to adjacent component parts of the filter wall 51 do not have any meaning other than indicating their difference, i.e. any of the two adjacent component parts of the filter wall 51 may be taken as the first or second component part.

[30] As for the lower, middle and upper component parts 54, 55 and 56, any inorganic fiber that is capable of withstanding a temperature of 500-1000°C and higher without changing its structure, depending on the operating conditions of the filter element 50, is suitable for their manufacture. For example, the inorganic fiber can be at least one of the following: ceramic fiber, such as aluminosilicate fiber or calcium magnesium silicate fiber, quartz fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber or any other fiber similar to these fibers, as well as any mixture of these fibers.

[31] As a ceramic binder included in the heat-resistant porous material, silicon dioxide is preferably used, which is presented in the form of an aqueous colloidal solution at the stage of manufacturing the lower, middle and upper components 54, 55 and 56. In addition, other types of heat-resistant oxide ceramics, such as aluminum (III) oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, can perform the function of a ceramic binder.

[32] For the manufacture of the lower, middle and upper component parts 54, 55 and 56, any method for manufacturing a candle-type filter element known to a person skilled in the art may be used if this filter element is intended for cleaning hot gas. In the preferred case, the lower, middle and upper component parts 54, 55 and 56 may be made according to the method for manufacturing a filter element disclosed in publication RU2789585C1, 06.02.2023.

[33] Fig. 5 shows an enlarged fragment A of Fig. 4, which includes a connection section of the lower and middle components 54 and 55. The lower component comprises an outer surface 541, an inner surface 542, an end surface 543 and a recessed surface 544, wherein the outer surface 541 includes a gas-permeable section 545 and a process section 546. Similarly, the middle component 55 comprises an outer surface 551, an inner surface 552, an end surface 553 and a recessed surface 554, wherein the outer surface 551 includes a gas-permeable section 555 and a process section 556. As follows from Fig. 5, the lower and middle components 54 and 55 are connected by their end surfaces 543 and 553 so that the gas-permeable sections 545 and 555 are a continuation of each other and form a working surface 511, and the inner surfaces 542 and 552 are also a continuation of each other and form an inner surface 512.

[34] Technological sections 546 and 556 of outer surfaces 541 and 551 are intended for fastening the fixing sleeve 57 to the lower and middle component parts 54 and 55, wherein after connecting the lower and middle component parts 54 and 55, technological sections 546 and 556 are a continuation of each other. Meanwhile, technological sections 546 and 556 are made with a diameter of a smaller value compared to the diameter of gas-permeable sections 545 and 555, as a result of which the lower and middle component parts 54 and 55 acquire recessed surfaces 544 and 554, which are located parallel to the end surfaces 543 and 553.

[35] The inner diameter of the fixing sleeve 57 exceeds the outer diameter of the process sections 546 and 556 only by a minimum amount, which allows for contact movement of the fixing sleeve 57 along the process sections 546 and 556. The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve 57 is equal to the diameter of the gas-permeable sections 545 and 555, from which it follows that the radial size of the recessing surfaces 544 and 554 is equal to the thickness of the fixing sleeve 57 or has a value close to it.

[36] Process sections 546 and 556 are covered by the fixing sleeve 57, which means that they do not participate in the filtering process, and in view of this circumstance, the share of the area of process sections 546 and 556 in the area of the outer surfaces 541 and 551 should be minimized. At the same time, there is an expediency of reducing the pressure created by the fixing sleeve 57 on process sections 546 and 556 under vibration conditions, etc., and from this point of view, the contact area of process sections 546 and 556 with the fixing sleeve 57, or in other words, the share of the area of process sections 546 and 556 in the area of the outer surfaces 541 and 551 has an objective lower limit.

[37] The specified proportion is determined by the length of the process sections 546 and 556 in the axial direction relative to the length of the outer surfaces 541 and 551, whereby, taking into account the above-mentioned considerations, the length of each of the process sections 546 and 556 can be, for example, from 5 to 20%, and preferably from 10% to 15% of the length of the corresponding outer surface 541 or 551. In an optimal design, the process sections 546 and 556 have equal length, and the length of the fixing sleeve 57 is equal to twice the length of any of the process sections 546 and 556.

[38] Between the end surfaces 543 and 553 that contact each other, a sealing compound 58 is placed, which eliminates the suction of dusty air into the cavity 53 through a possible gap between individual sections of the end surfaces 543 and 553. For the same purposes, a sealing compound is also applied to the recessed surfaces 544 and 554, which, by contact with the end surfaces of the fixing sleeve 57, minimize the flow cross-section of a possible gap between them and create an additional turn for the flow of dusty gas toward the cavity 53.

[39] If the manufacturing capabilities of the manufacturing plant do not allow the lower and middle components 54 and 55 to be manufactured with an accuracy that ensures simultaneous contact along the end surfaces 543 and 553 and along both recessed surfaces 544 and 554, then contact along the end surfaces 543 and 553 is a priority. In this case, the middle component 55 is manufactured so that a technological gap is provided between the recessed surface 554 and the upper end surface of the fixing sleeve 57, which is subsequently subject to sealing using a sealing compound.

[40] The fixing sleeve 57 comes into contact with the process sections 546 and 556 and is attached to the lower and middle components 54 and 55 by means of the insertable expansion elements 60. Each insertable expansion element 60 passes through the fixing sleeve 57 and is embedded in the body of the corresponding component 54 or 55. The insertable expansion elements 60 are used as expansion moving dowels with a screw drive (hereinafter referred to as expansion dowels), a possible design of one of which is shown in Fig. 6.

[41] As can be seen from Fig. 6, the expansion dowel 70 comprises a head 71, a screw 72, two washers 73, flexible petals 74 and a nut 75. The head 71 is rigidly connected to the screw 72, and the nut 75 is in a threaded connection with the screw 72. The flexible petals 74 are located between the washers 73 and are rigidly attached to them. The expansion dowel 70 is inserted through an opening in the fixing sleeve 57 into a blind hole previously made in the body, for example, the lower component 54. When the head 71 is turned, the nut 75, moving along the thread of the screw 72, approaches the head 71, pressing the washers 73 against each other. The flexible petals 74 bend, exerting pressure on the walls of the blind hole and fixing the expansion dowel 70 in the body of the lower component 54. Due to the large area of contact of the flexible petals 74 with the walls of the blind hole, the amount of pressure on the walls of the blind hole is minimal, which eliminates the risk of damage to the rather fragile lower component 54.

[42] The fixing sleeve 57 is made of stainless steel, while the expansion dowels 70 can be made of either stainless or galvanized steel. Both combinations are characterized by high heat resistance and high resistance to corrosion, including that caused by the contact of the fixing sleeve 57 with the expansion dowel.

[43] It should be noted that other fastening elements intended for porous materials, such as plasterboard, may be used as the inserted expansion elements 60, provided that they can be made from a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. For example, the inserted expansion element 60 may be made in the form of a screw intended for screwing into a porous material and providing for the expansion of the porous material due to its own relatively large cross-section. In another case, the inserted expansion element 60 may be made in the form of a pair of a dowel, preliminarily inserted into a pre-prepared hole, and a screw screwed into the dowel, providing for an expansion effect due to the screw's own volume.

[44] Fig. 7 shows a two-chamber gas cleaning device 1 with filter elements 20, 30, 40 and 50 at different stages of installation. In other words, Fig. 7 illustrates the sequence of stages during installation of the said filter elements.

[45] The filter element 20 is in the first stage of installation, as a result of which the lower component 24 is inserted into the mounting hole 80 and secured to the mounting plate 4 using a crimping stop device 90, known, for example, from the above-mentioned publication US2021362083A1, 25.11.2021. In the preferred case, the crimping stop device 90 comprises a tape clamp, which, after tightening, tightly embraces the lower component 24, and which is secured to a frame located on the mounting plate 4 so that the mounting hole 80 is in the center of the frame.

[46] The filter element 30 is in the second stage of installation, during which a sealing compound is applied to the end and recess surfaces of the lower component 34, as well as to the process section of the outer surface of the lower component 34. The sealing compound may be the above-mentioned ceramic binder, or the adhesive composition disclosed in the above-mentioned publication US2021362083A1, 11/25/2021, or any other heat-resistant sealing mixture known to a person skilled in the art, with or without inherent adhesive properties.

[47] Then, at the second stage of installation, the fixing sleeve 37 is put on the lower component part 34 so that the inner surface of the fixing sleeve 37 comes into contact with the technological section of the outer surface of the lower component part 34, and the lower end surface of the fixing sleeve 37 comes into contact with the recessed surface of the lower component part 34. After this, the fixing sleeve 37 is secured to the lower component part 34 using the inserted expansion elements 60 (Fig. 5), which are preferably placed on the same horizontal level at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and are used, for example, in a quantity of 4 pieces. Excess sealing compound squeezed out when placing the fixing sleeve 37 in the required position is removed.

[48] The filter element 40 is at the third stage of installation, during which a sealing compound is applied to the end and recessed surfaces of the middle component 45, as well as to the process section of the outer surface of the middle component 45. Then, the middle component 45 is inserted into the fixing sleeve 47 until the end surface of the middle component 45 comes into contact with the end surface of the lower component 44, and until the recessed surface of the middle component 45 comes into contact with the upper end surface of the fixing sleeve 47.

[49] The fastening of the fixing sleeve 47 to the middle component 45 is performed in the same way as described above for the lower component 34. Thus, upon completion of the third stage, the lower and middle components 44 and 45 are firmly connected to each other, ensuring the tightness of this connection. Since the connection of the lower and middle components 44 and 45 is realized by means of comparatively quickly performed operations for the introduction and fastening of the introduced expansion elements 60, the filter element 40 obtained in this way requires significantly less time for assembly compared to the known filter element.

[50] The filter element 50 is at the fourth stage of installation, during which the tape clamp of the clamping stop device 90 is loosened and the lower and middle components 54 and 55 connected to each other are moved downwards, without waiting for the sealant applied at the third stage to dry. Next, the tape clamp is tightened on the middle component 55 at that distance from its upper edge which corresponds to the previous similar distance maintained when tightening the tape clamp on the lower component 54. Upon completion of the fourth stage, stages similar to the second and third stages described above are performed.

Claims (10)

1. A filter element for removing particles from a gas, comprising a filter wall and a retaining sleeve, wherein the filter wall is made using inorganic fiber and a ceramic binder and has the shape of a hollow tube closed at one end, wherein the filter wall is formed by successively arranged first and second component parts connected to each other by their end surfaces, wherein the fixing sleeve comes into contact with the technological sections of the outer surfaces of the first and second components and is attached to the first and second components by means of insertable expansion elements, each of which passes through the fixing sleeve and is embedded in the body of the corresponding component. 2. A filter element according to item 1, in which a sealing compound is located between the end surfaces of the first and second component parts of the filter wall. 3. The filter element according to item 1, in which the technological sections of the outer surfaces of each of the first and second component parts of the filter wall are made with a smaller diameter compared to the gas-permeable sections of the said outer surfaces, forming recessed surfaces. 4. The filter element according to item 3, in which a sealing compound is located between the fixing sleeve and the recessed surfaces of the first and second component parts of the filter wall. 5. The filter element according to item 1, wherein the fixing sleeve is made of stainless steel. 6. The filter element according to item 5, in which the inserted expansion elements are made of stainless or galvanized steel. 7. The filter element according to item 1, in which the inserted expansion elements are made in the form of screws. 8. The filter element according to item 1, in which the inserted expansion elements are made in the form of expansion moving dowels with a screw drive.