RU2836116C1 - Manual bending device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal forming.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming and can be used in manual bending of sheet metal. Device comprises a base on which a support with a matrix is rigidly fixed, a rocker lever and a pressure roller. Device is equipped with clamp consisting of two contour guides outlined along curve, which is equidistant to external surface of matrix. Outer surface of the matrix is outlined along the curve corresponding to the contour of the part after processing. In the lever-rocker there are radial slots in which a pressure roller with a pressure roller and two thrust rollers is installed. Thrust rollers contact their outer surfaces with inner surfaces of contour guides.

EFFECT: possibility to perform sheet metal bending according to the specified template in one pass of the working element.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to the field of metal forming and is intended for manual bending of sheet metal.

Hydraulic presses, crank stamping presses, automatic presses are known (A.S. Kilov, K.A. Kilov. Production of blanks. Sheet stamping: A series of textbooks from six books. Book 2. Obtaining blanks from sheet material and bent sections: Orenburg: GOU OSU, 2004. - 182 p. - https://lib-bkm.ru/load/85-1-0-2660, http://web.archive.org/web/20240000000000*/https://lib-bkm.ru/load/85-1-0-2660), used for processing sheet material by pressure and obtaining parts of complex geometric shapes with high accuracy and productivity. However, these devices have a complex design and high cost, which does not allow their use in small-scale and individual production. When producing parts in small quantities, it is more appropriate to use manual bending devices, which are easy to use and ensure a low cost of the resulting product.

A manual bending device is known (patent RU 2356671, published 27.05.2009, bulletin No. 15 - analogue) containing a base, a handle, a support with a matrix, a punch fixed in a holder, connected to a slider, an eccentric mechanism connected to the slider. The eccentric mechanism is made in the form of a pair of eccentrics, a bearing, an additional rocker lever with a roller and a rod with a housing. The device is designed for bending sheet metal and provides for a reduction in the forces applied by the operator during bending. However, this device does not allow obtaining products with a complex profile.

A manual bending device is known (patent RU 2212967, published 27.09.2003, bulletin No. 27 - prototype) containing a base, a matrix, a punch installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement, a guide with a movable stop. The matrix and punch are made in the form of a replaceable paired set with profiled working surfaces. The punch is fixed in a holder connected to the mechanism for its movement. The device allows to obtain products with various profiles, however, for bending parts of complex shape it is necessary to reinstall the workpiece several times and change the paired set of the matrix with the punch, which significantly reduces the productivity of the processing.

The objective of the proposed invention is to provide the ability to bend parts of complex configuration from sheet metal manually with high productivity.

The technical result is the creation of a manual bending device that allows bending sheet metal to produce a part of a given shape in one pass of the working element.

The technical result is achieved by a manual bending device (hereinafter referred to as the device) comprising a base, a support with a matrix, a rocker arm and a pressure roller. The support with the matrix is rigidly fixed to the base. A clamp is mounted on the support by means of an axis with the ability to rotate relative to the support. The clamp consists of two contour guides connected to each other by a bar on which the clamp handle is rigidly fixed. The opposite sides of each contour guide are connected by crossbars, in the middle of which fingers are fixed. A rocker arm with a lever handle is mounted on the fingers with the ability to rotate. Radial grooves are made in the rocker arm, into which the pressure roller is mounted with its ends with the ability to move radially along the grooves. A pressure roller is mounted in the middle of the pressure roller with the ability to rotate by means of bearings, on the sides of which thrust rollers are mounted with the ability to rotate by means of bearings, contacting with their outer surfaces with the inner surfaces of the contour guides. The outer surface of the matrix is outlined by a curve corresponding to the contour of the part after processing, and the inner surface of the contour guides is outlined by a curve that is an equidistant from the outer surface of the matrix with an indent calculated according to the dependence

Where - diameter of the pressure roller,

- diameter of thrust rollers,

- thickness of the part.

A pocket is provided to fix the workpiece on the matrix.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the device in the initial position with a finished part. Fig. 2 shows a frontal projection of the device in the initial position with a finished part and a force distribution diagram. Fig. 3 shows a frontal projection of the device with the clamp open and a flat workpiece inserted. Fig. 4 shows a frontal projection of the device with the clamping roller passing along the left side of the workpiece. Fig. 5 shows a frontal projection of the device with the clamping roller passing along the entire contour of the workpiece.

The manual bending device comprises a base 1, a support 2 with a matrix 3, a rocker arm 4 and a pressure roller 5. In this case, the support 2 with the matrix 3 is rigidly fixed to the base 1. A clamp 7 is mounted on the support 2 by means of an axis 6 with the possibility of rotation relative to the support 2. The clamp 7 consists of two contour guides 8 and 9 connected to each other by a bar 10, on which a clamp handle 11 is rigidly fixed. The opposite sides of each contour guide 8 and 9 are connected by crossbars 12 and 13, in the middle of which fingers 14 and 15 are fixed. A rocker arm 4 with a lever handle 16 is mounted with the possibility of rotation on fingers 14 and 15. In the rocker arm 4, radial grooves 17 and 18 are made, into which the ends of the pressure roller 19 are installed with the possibility of radial movement along grooves 17 and 18. In the middle of the pressure roller 19, a pressure roller 5 is mounted with the possibility of rotation by means of bearings 20, on the sides of which, by means of bearings 21 and 22, thrust rollers 23 and 24 are mounted with the possibility of rotation, contacting with their outer surfaces the inner surfaces of contour guides 8 and 9. The outer surface of the matrix 3 is outlined by a curve corresponding to the contour of the part 25 after processing, and the inner surface of the contour guides 8 and 9 is outlined by a curve that is an equidistant from the outer surface of the matrix 3 with a radius (indent) calculated according to the dependence

where d _p is the diameter of the pressure roller, d _y is the diameter of the thrust rollers,

S _d - thickness of the part.

Pocket 26 is provided to fix the workpiece on matrix 3.

The device works as follows.

Before installing the workpiece in the device, the worker takes hold of clamp handle 11 and turns clamp 7 with rocker lever 4 counterclockwise relative to axis 6, opening access to matrix 3 (Fig. 3). Flat workpiece 27 is inserted into pocket 26 on matrix 3, after which the worker takes hold of clamp handle 11 and turns it together with clamp 7 clockwise until pressure roller 5 touches the left side of workpiece 27 (Fig. 4). Then, holding clamp handle 11 with clamp 7 with one hand, the worker takes hold of lever handle 16 with the other hand and turns it together with rocker lever 4 clockwise (Fig. 5). In this case, the thrust rollers 23 and 24 roll along the inner surfaces of the contour guides 8 and 9, and the pressure roller 5 rolls along the surface of the workpiece 27, pressing it to the matrix 3 along the entire contour and giving it the specified shape of the finished part. Moreover, the presence of radial grooves 17 and 18 allows the pressure roller 19 to move along the rocker lever, maintaining constant contact with it during the rolling movement of the pressure roller 5 along a complex trajectory around the matrix 3 with the workpiece 27.

In this case, the action on the handle of the clamp 11 by the force F _p on the arm L _p creates a moment relative to the axis 6, which provides the pressure force F _p of the clamping roller 5 on the workpiece 27 (Fig. 2), determined by the dependence

Where - the distance from the axis 6 to the point of application of force F _p .

The ratio L _p / l _p shows that the device allows increasing the pressure force F _p of the pressure roller 5 on the workpiece 27 by more than 3 times compared to the force F _p applied to the pressure handle 11, which significantly facilitates the manual shaping of the part.

Thus, the device allows manual bending of sheet metal and obtaining parts of complex geometric shapes in one pass of the working element, which ensures high productivity.

Claims (3)

A manual bending device comprising a base, a support with a matrix, a rocker arm and a pressure roller, characterized in that the support with the matrix is rigidly fixed to the base, a clamp is mounted on the support by means of an axis with the ability to rotate relative to the support, wherein the clamp consists of two contour guides connected to each other by a bar on which the clamp handle is rigidly fixed, and the opposite sides of each contour guide are connected by crossbars, in the middle of which fingers are fixed, a rocker arm with a lever handle is mounted with the ability to rotate on the fingers, wherein radial grooves are made in the rocker arm, into which a pressure roller is mounted with its ends with the ability to move radially along the grooves, a pressure roller is mounted in the middle of the pressure roller with the ability to rotate by means of bearings, on the sides of which thrust rollers are mounted with the ability to rotate by means of bearings, contacting with their outer surfaces with the inner surfaces of the contour guides, wherein the outer surface of the matrix outlined by a curve corresponding to the contour of the part after processing, and the inner surface of the contour guides is outlined by a curve that is equidistant from the outer surface of the matrix with an _indentation Rэ , calculated according to the dependence where d _p is the diameter of the pressure roller, d _y is the diameter of the stop rollers, S _d is the thickness of the part, and a pocket is provided to fix the workpiece on the matrix.