RU2828857C1 - Tailing dump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining industry and can be used as a tailing dump when storing tailings having low density and high fluidity. Technical problem is increase of efficiency and rate of water clarification under conditions of ore processing, which cause low density and high fluidity of dressing tailings, and its maximum preservation in circulation. Problem is solved by the fact that the tailing dump, which includes enclosing 1 and filtering dams 5, water intake device 9, located in pond zone 8 with clarified water, is equipped with a recycling water supply system, tailings treatment station 4 located on main pulp line section 14, between dressing plant 13 and distribution pulp line 3, the latter is located along the entire perimeter of enclosing dam 1, wherein filtering dam 5 limiting pond zone 8 with clarified water is looped, and infiltration screen 6 is installed on the surface of its slopes.

EFFECT: set of features of the invention makes it possible to increase rate and quality of water clarification and to preserve clarified water in circulation as much as possible.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used as a tailings storage facility for storing enrichment tailings that have a low density and high fluidity.

A structure for storing ore enrichment tailings is known - a tailings storage facility, which includes a protective dam, erected by a fill or pouring method to its full height or in stages, drainage and anti-filtration devices, pumping stations and circulating water supply pumps, slurry pipelines, water discharge structures, collectors and other elements (Recommendations for the design and construction of sludge storage facilities and tailings storage facilities for the metallurgical industry / VNII VODGEO. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1986. p. 4).

The disadvantage of the known structure for storing enrichment tailings, which have a low density and high fluidity, is the impossibility of forming a pond of clarified water in the required volume due to the large area of the beach zone and the low water yield of the enrichment tailings. Under the influence of the sun and wind, intensive evaporation of water occurs from the beach zone, followed by dusting, and in the pond zone, the resulting waves, together with convection, contribute to the transfer of particles of the lower and bottom layers to the surface, preventing the clarification of the recycled water. This leads to a shortage and pollution of clarified recycled water.

The closest technical solution is a tailings storage facility, including a protective and filter dam, a clarified water pond with a spillway. In this case, the filter dam is located directly in the clarified water pond and divides it into shallow and deep water zones (A.S. No. 987011, IPC E02 B 7/06).

The disadvantage of the known tailings storage facility is the low speed and quality of water clarification and the impossibility of its maximum preservation in circulation due to the fact that the enrichment tailings have high fluidity and low density, the angle of their spreading tends to several degrees, which does not allow the formation of a pond of sufficient depth and water evaporates with increased intensity from the surface of the beach and pond zones.

The technical problem is to increase the efficiency and speed of water clarification under ore processing conditions, which determine the low density and high fluidity of enrichment tailings, and to maximize its preservation in circulation.

The technical result consists in creating a tailings storage facility that allows separating the liquid and solid phases of the tailing pulp formed during the processing of ores, which determine the low density and high fluidity of the enrichment tailings while ensuring a sufficient depth of the pond zone, the quality and speed of water clarification with maximum preservation of it in circulation, including reducing the wind effect on water in the pond zone with clarified water, since this significantly reduces the area of the water surface and the amount of free water in the zone with the solid phase of the enrichment tailings.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the tailings storage facility, which includes a protective and filter dam, a water intake device located in the pond zone with clarified water, according to the change, it is equipped with a recycling water supply system, a tailings processing point located on the section of the main pulp pipeline, between the enrichment plant and the distribution pulp pipeline, with the latter located along the entire perimeter of the protective dam, while the filter dam, limiting the deep-water pond zone with clarified water, is looped, and an infiltration screen is installed on the surface of its slopes.

The essence of the claimed invention is explained by drawings, where:

- Fig. 1 schematically shows the design of the claimed tailings storage facility (top view);

- Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the feeding of enrichment tailings and the return of clarified recycled water in the claimed design of the tailings storage facility, section A-A in Fig. 1;

- Fig. 3 shows a filter dam, on the slopes of which an infiltration screen is installed (view B).

The tailings storage facility includes a containment dam 1 (Fig. 1, 2), washed enrichment tailings 2, a distribution slurry pipeline 3 located along the entire perimeter of the containment dam 1 and providing for the dispersed release of the tailing pulp obtained at the tailings processing point 4, a filter dam 5 formed in such a way that it isolates the pond zone 8 with clarified water. This will ensure the maximum area of the filter surface of the slopes of the filter dam 5, contribute to an increase in the speed and quality of water clarification in the pond zone, as well as the formation of a deep pond. At the same time, an infiltration screen 6 (Fig. 3) is formed on the upstream and downstream slopes of the filter dam 5. The said screen 6 ensures the separation of the tailing pulp into solid 7 and liquid phases. Moreover, the solid phase consists of the core and beach zones (Fig. 3), and the liquid phase is the deep-water pond zone 8 with clarified water (Fig. 1, 2).

The tailings storage facility has a circulating water supply system, and depending on climatic, technical and economic conditions it may include: a water intake device 9, a water collection ditch 10, a pumping station 11, and a circulating water supply pipeline 12. The water intake device 9 may be implemented in the form of a stop well with a collector or in the form of a floating pumping station with a main pipeline (not shown in the figure).

Position 13 in Fig. 1, 2 indicates the enrichment plant, position 14 indicates the main pulp pipeline.

The tailings storage facility operates as follows.

From the beneficiation plant 13, the waste from processing solid minerals (hereinafter referred to as beneficiation tailings) is fed through the main pulp pipeline 14 to the tailings processing point 4. The latter is a device equipped with a tank with water, into which a binding agent (flocculant) is fed by a dispenser, followed by mixing of the mixture. Then, a pump under pressure is used to force feed the beneficiation tailings into the main pulp pipeline 14 (Fig. 1, 2). In this case, as the beneficiation tailings follow the distribution pulp pipeline 3, they are finally mixed. Then, from the distribution pulp pipeline 3, a dispersed release of the processed beneficiation tailings is carried out towards the filtration dam 5. Moreover, the filtration dam 5 can be made of overburden rocks to ensure its structural strength, and various building materials can also be used, such as: crushed stone of various fractions or gabion structures. The filter dam 5 can be formed in one or several stages to ensure the speed of construction and increase the reliability of the structure. On the slopes of the filter dam 5, an infiltration screen 6 is formed, which, while retaining solid particles, passes clarified water into the pond zone 8.

Moreover, the material of the infiltration screen 6 may be different. In particular, it may be made of natural material (a combination of rocky and loose overburden) with a layer thickness of at least 0.5 meters. The screen may be made of artificial material, for example, synthetic perforated film, or of building materials (for example, crushed stone), and the layer thickness is selected taking into account the filtration characteristics of the material and the granulometric composition of the tailings.

Then, through the circulating water supply system, the clarified circulating water is fed to the beneficiation plant 13. For this purpose, water from the pond zone 8 is fed through the water intake device 9, for example, a stopper well, via a collector and a water collection ditch 10 to the circulating water supply station 11, and then through the circulating water supply pipeline 12 it is fed to the beneficiation plant 13.

The claimed design allows for a significant reduction in the construction time of a tailings storage facility when using overburden rocks due to the possibility of simultaneous construction of a filter and protective dam.

The set of features of the invention allows to increase the speed and quality of water clarification with its maximum preservation in circulation. The claimed design of the tailings storage facility allows to effectively separate the liquid phase from the solid phase of the tailing pulp during the processing of ores, which determine the low density and high fluidity of the enrichment tailings. At the same time, the wind effect on the water in the pond is reduced with an increase in its depth, since the area of the water surface and the amount of free water in the compartment with the solid phase of the enrichment tailings are significantly reduced.

Claims (1)

A tailings storage facility comprising a containment and filter dam, a water intake device located in a pond zone with clarified water, characterized in that it is equipped with a circulating water supply system, a tailings processing point located on a section of the main pulp pipeline between the processing plant and the distribution pulp pipeline, the latter being located along the entire perimeter of the containment dam, while the filter dam, limiting the pond zone with clarified water, is looped, and an infiltration screen is installed on the surface of its slopes.